CRIMINAL LAW REVIEW

(COURSE OUTLINE/SYLLABUS)

I. BASIC PRINCIPLES IN CRIMINAL LAW

A. Definitions / Characteristics / Philosophies

B. Theories and Doctrines

Doctrine of Pro Reo / Lenity Rule / Equipoise Rule / Utilitarian Theory / Nullum
Crimen Nulla Poena Sine Lege / Mens Rea & Actus Reus / Mala in se & Mala
Prohibita

C. Cases
Minucher vs. Scalzo GR 142396 11 February 2003
Liang vs. People GR 125865 28 January 2000
Del Socorro vs. Van Wilsem GR 193707 10 December 2014
Hernan vs. Sandiganbayan GR 217874 05 December 2017
People vs. Dalaguet GR 249414 27 July 2022

Magno vs. CA GR 96132 26 June 1992

Penalosa vs. Ocampo, Jr. GR 230299 26 April 2023

Loney vs. People GR 152644 10 February 2006

Garcia vs. CA GR 157171 14 March 2006

II. BOOK ONE, REVISED PENAL CODE and RELATED SPECIAL PENAL LAWS

A. Article 2 Territorial and Extra-Territorial Jurisdictions

Cases:
People vs. Lol-lo GR 17958 27 February 1922

B. Article 3 Felonies
Cases:
People vs. Delim GR 142773 28 January 2003
Rivera vs. People GR 166326 25 January 2006
Mondragon vs. CA GR L-17666 30 June 1966

Fernandez vs. People GR 241557 11 December 2019

U.S vs. Ah Chong GR L-5272 19 March 1910

Yapyucu vs. Sandiganbayan GR 120744-46 25 June 2012
People vs. Gervero GR 206725 11 July 2018

C. Article 4 Proximate Cause Theory and Impossible Crime Doctrine

Cases:
Garcia vs. People GR 171951 28 August 2009
Urbano vs. IAC GR 72964 07 January 1988
People vs. Villacorta GR 186412 07 September 2011

People vs. Flora GR 125909 23 June 2000

People vs. Adriano GR 205228 15 July 2015
People vs. Bendecio GR 235016 08 September 2020

People vs. Sabalones GR 123485 31 August 1998

People vs. Sales GR 177218 03 October 2011

Intod vs. CA GR 103119 21 October 1992

Jacinto vs. People GR 162540 13 July 2009

D. Article 6 Stages in the Execution of a Felony

 Cases:
People vs. Lamahang GR 43530 03 August 1935
Baleros vs. People GR 138033 22 February 2006
People vs. Trinidad GR 79123-25 09 January 1989
People vs. Labiaga GR 202867 15 July 2013

Valenzuela vs. People GR 160188 21 June 2007

Canceran vs. People GR 206442 01 July 2015

People vs. Orita GR 88724 03 April 1990

People vs. Campuhan GR 129433 30 March 2000
People vs. Pareja GR 188979 05 September 2012
People vs. Efren Agao GR 248049 04 October 2022
Cruz vs. People GR 166441 08 October 2014

E. Article 8 Conspiracy
Cases:
People vs. Carandang, et.al. GR 175926 06 July 2011
People vs. Octa GR 195196 13 July 2015
People vs. Feliciano, et.al. GR 196735 05 May 2014

People vs. Bokingco GR 187536 10 August 2011

People vs. Castillo GR 132895 10 March 2004

GMA vs. People GR 220598 19 July 2016

Fernan vs. People GR 145927 24 August 2007

People vs. Morilla GR 189833 05 February 2014

Go-Tan vs. Tan GR 168852 30 September 2008

F. Article 9 Felonies according to Severity

As amended by RA 10951

G. Article 10 Suppletory Application of the RPC

H. Article 11 Justifying Circumstances

Include: Battered Woman Syndrome, RA 9262

Cases:
People vs. Olarbe GR 227421 23 July 2018
Ganal, Jr. vs. People GR 248130 02 December 2020
Senoja vs. People GR 160341 19 October 2004
People vs. Jaurigue C.A. No. 284 21 February 1946
Toledo vs. People GR 158057 24 September 2004

People vs. Ricohermoso GR L-30527-28 29 March 1974

People vs. Norma Hernandez GR 22553-R 14 April 1959

People vs. Lagata GR L-1940-42 24 March 1949

Mamangun vs. People GR 149152 02 February 2007
People vs. Dagani GR 153875 16 August 2006

Tabuena vs. Sandiganbayan GR 103501-03 17 February 1997

People vs. Genosa GR 135981 15 January 2004

I. Article 12 Exempting Circumstances

Include: RA 9344 as amended by RA 10630

Cases:
People vs. Taneo GR L-37673 31 March 1933
 People vs. Puno GR L-33211 29 June 1981
(Read also: J. Makasiar’s Dissent)
People vs. Haloc GR 227312 05 September 2018

People vs. Sarcia GR 169641 10 September 2009

People vs. Mantalaba GR 186227 20 July 2011
People vs. ZZZ GR 228828 24 July 2019
Ortega vs. People GR 151085 20 August 2008
Samahan Ng Mga Progresibong Kabataan vs. Quezon City
GR 225442 08 August 2017
(Read also: J. Leonen’s Separate Opinion)

US vs. Tanedo GR L-5418 12 February 1910

People vs. Castillo GR 172695 29 June 2007

Ty vs. People GR 149275 27 September 2004

People vs. Labuguen GR 223103 24 February 2020

J. Article 13 Mitigating Circumstances

Cases:
People vs. Narvaez GR L-33466-67 30 April 1983
People vs. Ulep GR 132547 20 September 2000
Guillermo vs. People GR 153287 30 June 2008

People vs. Sabalberino GR 241088 03 June 2019

Miranda vs. People GR 234528 23 January 2019
Urbano vs. People GR 182750 20 January 2009
People vs. Benito GR L-32042 13 February 1975
Bacabac vs. People GR 149372 11 September 2007
People vs. Gonzales GR 139542 21 June 2001
Bongalon vs. People GR 169533 20 March 2013
People vs. Pagal GR L-32040 25 October 1977
People vs. Ignas GR 140514-15 30 September 2003

Nizurtado vs. Sandiganbayan GR 107383 07 December 1994

Mariano vs. People GR 178145 07 July 2014

K. Articles 14 and 15 Aggravating Circumstances and Alternative Circumstances

Include: Section 29, RA 10591 Use of Firearms in Committing Crimes

Cases:
People vs. Ural GR L-30801 27 March 1974
People vs. Gapasin GR 73489 25 April 1994

People vs. Tiongson GR L-35123-24 25 July 1984

People vs. Melendrez GR 39913 19 December 1933

People vs. Legaspi GR 136164-65 20 April 2001

People vs. Sibbu GR 214757 29 March 2017

People vs. Dayrit GR 241632 14 October 2020

People vs. Dela Pena GR 238120 12 February 2020

People vs. Moreno GR 191759 02 March 2020
People vs. Vilbar GR 186541 01 February 2012
People vs. Corpin GR 232493 19 June 2019
People vs. Enriquez GR 238171 19 June 2019
People vs. Matibag GR 206381 15 March 2015
People vs. Escote GR 140756 04 April 2003
 People vs. Bumidang GR 130630 04 December 2000
People vs. Jose GR L-28232 06 February 1971
People vs. Butler GR L-50276 27 January 1983

People vs. Gatcho GR L-27251 26 February 1981

People vs. Lucas GR 80102 22 January 1990

Planos vs. People GR 232506 18 November 2020

L. Articles 16-20 Persons Criminally Liable for Felonies

Include: PD 1612 Anti-Fencing
PD 1829 Obstruction of Justice
Cases:
People vs. Dulay GR 193854 24 September 2012
People vs. Mandolado GR L-51304-05 28 June 1983
Apura vs. People GR 222892 18 March 2021
Gurro vs. People GR 224562 18 September 2019
Ong vs. People GR 190475 10 April 2013
People vs. Dimat GR 181184 25 January 2012

M. Articles 21-88 (Article 26 as amended by RA 10951)

Include: RA 9346 Prohibiting Death Penalty
RA 4103 Indeterminate Sentence Law
PD 968 as amended by RA 10707 Probation Law
RA 11362 and A.M. No. 20-06-14-SC Community Service
Act

Cases:
People vs. Nelmida GR 184500 11 September 2012
People vs. Tabaco GR 100382 19 March 1997
People vs. Punzalan GR 199892 10 December 2012

Batulanon vs. People GR 139857 15 September 2006

People vs. Salvilla GR 86163 26 April 1990

Santiago vs. Garchitorena GR L-109266 02 December 1993

People vs. Mallari GR L-58886 13 December 1988

Moreno vs. COMELEC GR 168550 10 August 2006

Colinares vs. People GR 182748 13 December 2011

N. Articles 89-113
Include: RA 10592 Amending Articles 29, 94, 97, 98, & 99 of the RPC

Cases:
People vs. Sayo GR 227704 10 April 2019
People vs. Bautista GR 168641 27 April 2007
People vs. Pangilinan GR 152662 13 June 2012
Inmates of New Bilibid vs. De Lima GR 212719 25 June 2019
In Re: In the Matter of Issuance of Writ of Habeas Corpus
GR 251954 10 June 2020

Lumantas vs. Calapiz GR 163753 15 January 2014

Daluraya vs. Oliva GR 210148 08 December 2014
Solidum vs. People GR 192123 10 March 2014

III. BOOK 2, THE REVISED PENAL CODE and RELATED SPECIAL PENAL
LAWS

A. Articles 114-123 Crimes Against National Security & The Law of Nations
 Include: PD 532 The Anti-Piracy Law
RA 6235 The Anti-Hijacking Law
RA 11479 The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020

Case:
Calleja vs. Executive Secretary GR 252578 07 December 2021
(Read also the Dissenting Opinion of J. Caguioa)

B. Articles 124-133 Crimes Against the Fundamental Law of the State

Cases:

Arbitrary Detention
Astorga vs. People 412 SCRA 512 01 October 2003
See also: Resolution dated 20 August 2004

Failure to Deliver Detained Persons

Agbay vs. Dep. Ombudsman 309 SCA 726 02 July 1999
Soria vs. Desierto 450 SCRA 339 31 January 2005

Violation of Domicile
Geroche vs. People 742 SCRA 514 26 November 2014
Galvante vs. Casimiro 552 SCRA 304 22 April 2008

Offending Religious Feelings

Celdran vs. People GR 220127 21 March 2018
See also Resolution dated 21 November 2018

C. Articles 134-159 Crimes Against Public Order

Include: RA 10591 The Firearms & Ammunitions Regulation Act

Cases:
Rebellion
Gonzales vs. Abaya GR 164007 10 August 2006
Ocampo vs. Abando GR 176830 11 February 2014

Direct Assault
People vs. Pitulan GR 226486 22 January 2020
Pablo vs. People GR 231267 13 February 2023

Resistance & Disobedience

Mallari vs. People GR 224679 12 February 2020
Sydeco vs. People GR 202692 14 November 2014

D. Articles 161-197 Crimes Against Public Interest

Cases:

Falsification of Document
Torres vs. People GR 241164 14 August 2019
Liwanag Sr. vs. People GR 205260 29 July 2019
Batulanon vs. People 502 SCRA 35 15 September 2006
Desmoparan vs. People GR 233598 27 March 2019
Constantino vs. People GR 225696 08 April 2019
Galeos vs. People 642 SCRA 485 09 February 2011

Usurpation
People vs. Hilvano 99 Phil. 655 31 July 1956
Miranda vs. Sandiganbayan 464 SCRA 165 27 July 2005
Ruzol vs. Sandiganbayan 696 SCRA 742 17 April 2013

Using Fictitious Name

Ursua vs. CA GR 112170 10 April 1996
 People vs. Estrada GR 164368 02 April 2009

Perjury as amended by RA 11594

Villanueva vs. Sec. of Justice 475 SCRA 495 18 November 2005

E. RA 9165: Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act amended by RA 10640

Cases:
People vs. Almayda GR 227706 14 June 2023
People vs. Uy, et. al. GR 250307 21 February 2023
Nisperas vs. People GR 250927 29 November 2022
People vs. Casa GR 254208 16 August 2022
SJS vs. DDB & PDEA GR 157870 03 November 2008
People vs. Sullano GR 228373 12 March 2018
People vs. Lim GR 231989 04 Sept. & 13 Nov. 2018
Estipona vs. Judge Lobrigo GR 226679 15 August 2017

F. Articles 200-202 Crimes Against Public Morals

G. Articles 203-245 Crimes Committed by Public Officers

Include: RA 3019 amended by RA 10910: The Anti-Graft & Corrupt
Practices Act
RA 7080 as amended by RA 7659: The Anti-Plunder Act
RA 9745 The Anti-Torture Act

Cases:
Direct Bribery
Merencillo vs. People GR 142369 13 April 2007
Acejas III vs. People GR 156643 27 June 2006
Mangulabnan vs. People GR 236848 08 June 2020

Corruption of Public Officials

Pozar vs. CA GR L-62439 23 October 1984
Go vs. Sandiganbayan GR 172602 13 April 2007

RA 3019
Canlas vs. People GR 236308-09 17 February 2020
Cabrera vs. People GR 191611-14 29 July 2019
Ambil Jr. vs. Sandiganbayan GR 175457 06 July 2011

Malversation (as amended by RA 1060)

Venezuela vs. People GR 205693 14 February 2018
Torres vs. People GR 175074 31 August 2011
Fajardo vs. People GR 239823 25 September 2019

Technical Malversation
Ysidoro vs. People GR 192330 14 November 2012

Plunder
Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan GR 148560 19 December 2001
Macapagal-Arroyo vs. People GR 220598 19 July 2016
Napoles vs. Sandiganbayan GR 224162 07 November 2017

H. Articles 246-266 Crimes Against Persons

Include: RA 11648 Increasing the Age for Statutory Rape, Sexual
Exploitation and Abuse
RA 7610 Anti-Child Abuse Act
RA 9262 Anti-Violence Against Women & Their Children Act
RA 8049 as amended by RA 11053 Anti-Hazing Law
RA 9208 as amended by RA 11862 Anti-Trafficking In
Persons
 RA 9775 Anti-Child Pornography
RA 11596 Prohibition of Child Marriage Law

Cases:
People vs. Abarca GR 74433 14 September 1987
People vs. Oyanib GR 130634 12 March 2001
Wacoy vs. People GR 213792 22 June 2015
People vs. Adalia GR 235990 22 January 2020

Rape
People vs. Agao GR 248049 04 October 2022
People vs. AAA GR 248777 07 July 2020
People vs. Caga GR 206878 22 August 2016

People vs. Baay GR 220143 07 June 2017

People vs. Deniega GR 212201 28 June 2017
People vs. Niebres GR 230975 04 December 2017
People vs. Catig GR 225729 11 March 2020

People vs. Gutierez GR 208007 02 April 2014

People vs. Bay-od GR 238176 14 January 2019
People vs. Fetalco GR 241249 28 July 2020

People vs. Laoag GR 178321 05 October 2011

People vs. Villaflores GR 184926 11 April 2012
People vs. Cial GR 191362 09 October 2013
People vs. De Guzman GR 224212 27 November 2019
People vs. Jumawan GR 187495 21 April 2014
People vs. Briones GR 240217 23 June 2020

Sexual Assault/Acts of Lasciviousness in relation to RA 7610

Ricalde vs. People GR 211002 21 January 2015
Lutap vs. People GR 204061 05 February 2018
People vs. Tulagan GR 227363 12 March 2019
Bangayan vs. People GR 235610 16 September 2020
San Juan vs. People GR 236628 17 January 2023

Child Abuse
Bongalon vs. People GR 169533 20 March 2013
Calaoagan vs. People GR 222974 20 March 2019
Delos Santos vs. People GR 227581 15 January 2020
Talocod vs. People GR 250671 07 October 2020

VAWC
Jacinto vs. Fouts GR 250627 07 December 2022
Knutson vs. Sarmiento-Flores GR 239215 12 July 2022
Ang vs. CA GR 182835 20 April 2010
AAA vs. BBB GR 212448 11 January 2018
Araza vs. People GR 247429 08 September 2020
XXX vs. People GR 241390 13 January 2021
XXX vs. People GR 252087 10 February 2021
Acharon vs. People GR 224946 11 September 2021
Calingasan vs. People GR 239312 15 February 2022

Hazing
Dungo vs. People GR 209464 01 July 2015
People vs. Bayabos GR 171222 18 February 2015

Cyber-Child Pornography RA 9775 in relation to RA 10175

Cadajas vs. People GR 247348 16 November 2021
I. Articles 267-292 Crimes Against Personal Liberty and Security

Cases:
People vs. Dionaldo GR 207949 23 July 2014
People vs. Borja GR 199710 02 August 2017
People vs. Cornista GR 218915 19 February 2020
People vs. Mirandilla GR 186417 27 July 2011

Threats
Caluag vs. People GR 171511 04 March 2009
Paera vs. People GR 181626 30 May 2011
Escolano vs. People GR 226991 10 December 2018

Coercion
Consulta vs. People GR 179462 12 February 2009
Maderazo vs. People GR 165065 26 September 2006
Baleros vs. People GR 138033 22 February 2006

J. Articles 293-332 Crimes Against Property

Include: PD 532 The Anti-Highway Robbery Law of 1974
PD 533 The Anti-Cattle Rustling Law
RA 6539 as amended by RA 10883 The Anti-Carnapping
Law
PD 1612 The Anti-Fencing Law
BP 22 The Anti-Bouncing Checks Law
PD 1613 The Anti-Arson law
Cases:
Robbery with Violence/Intimidation
People vs. De Leon GR 179943 26 June 2009
People vs. Escote GR 140756 04 April 2003
People vs. Orosco GR 209227 25 March 2015
People vs. Sultan GR 132470 27 April 2000
People vs. Casabuena GR 246580 23 June 2020
People vs. Barra GR 198020 10 July 2013

Robbery with Force Upon Things

Napolis vs. CA GR L-28865 28 February 1972
People vs. Disney GR L-41336 18 February 1983
Fransdilla vs. People GR 197562 20 April 2015

Robbery vs. Theft

Ablaza vs. People GR 217722 26 September 2018
Del Rosario vs. People GR 235739 22 July 2019
People vs. Jaranilla GR L-28547 22 February 1974

Simple and Qualified Theft

Albotra vs. People GR 221602 16 November 2020
Pante vs. People GR 218969 18 January 2021

Estafa/Swindling
Corpuz vs. People GR 180016 29 April 2014
Reside vs. People GR 210318 28 July 2020
People vs. David GR 233089 29 June 2020
People vs. Tibayan GR 209655 14 January 2015
Hao vs. People GR 183345 17 September 2014
De Castro vs. People GR 171672 02 February 2015

BP 22
Wong vs. CA GR 117857 02 February 2001
Domagsang vs. CA GR 139292 05 December 2000
Dela Cruz vs. People GR 163494 03 August 2016
 Lim vs. CA GR 190834 03 December 2014
Morillo vs. People GR 198270 09 December 2015

Arson
People vs. Malngan GR 170470 26 September 2006
People vs. Dolendo GR 223098 03 June 2019
People vs. Soria GR 248372 27 August 2020
People vs. Mae Al-Saad GR 242414 15 March 2021

Article 332
Intestate Estate of Manolita Gonzales vda. De Carungcong vs. People
GR 181409 11 February 2010

K. Articles 333-346 Crimes Against Chastity

Include: RA 9995 The Anti Photo & Video Voyeurism Act
Cases:
Concubinage
Singgit & But-ay vs. People GR 264179 27 February 2023

Forcible Abduction
People vs. Amaro GR 199100 18 July 2014
People vs. Cayanan GR 200080 18 September 2013

L. Articles 347-352 Crimes Against Civil Status

Cases:
Castro vs. People GR 254581 01 March 2021
Pulido vs. People GR 220149 27 July 2021
Ronulo vs. People GR 182438 02 July 2014

M. Articles 353-364 Crimes Against Honor

Include: RA 10175 Cybercrime Prevention Act

Cases:
Libel
Inquirer vs. Enrile GR 229440 14 July 2021
Lastimosa vs. People GR 233577 05 December 202
Tulfo vs. People GR 187113 11 January 2021
Belen vs. People GR 211120 13 February 2017
Tieng vs. Alaras GR 164845 13 July 2021

Cyber Libel
Penalosa vs. Ocampo, Jr. GR 230299 26 April 2023
Causing vs. People GR 258524 11 October 2023

RA 10175
Disini vs. Secretary of Justice GR 203335 18 February 2014
Cadajas vs. People GR 247348 16 November 2021
(Cyber-Child Pornography RA 9775 in relation to RA 10175)

N. Articles 365 Criminal Negligence

Cases:
Ivler vs. Modesto GR 172716 17 November 2010
Morales vs. People GR 240337 04 January 2022

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SBCA-CrimRev-Syllabus
2ndSemester2023-2024