INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNICATION
What is Communication?
The communication system is a system which describes the information exchange between two
points. The process of transmission and reception of information is called communication.
Communication system in modern line was started with Indian National Satellite System. It is one
of the largest communication systems in Asia-Pacific Region. It is joint venture of Department of
Space, Department of Telecommunication, AIR, IMD and Doordarshan.
Important Facts
India’s telecommunication network is the second largest in the world by number of
telephone users.
Postal Services, Telegraph service are other important communication system but a
telegraph is permanently closed in 2013.
First Post office of India: Bombay
Founder of Postal in India: Governor General Lord Dalhousie
First postage stamp of India: Sinde Dawk in 1852.
First stamp of independent India: issued on 21 November 1947.
First airmail: from Allahabad to Naini in 1911.
First post office outside India: Dakshin Gangotri, Antarctica in 1983
Courier services and internet are now predominant communication system in India after
telecommunication.
Telecommunication Sector
The telecommunication sector witnesses revolutionary change in the recent years.
The Indian Telecom network is now the second largest in the world after China.
From only 76 million subscribers in 2004, the number has increased to more than 1200
million in 2016.
The increase has been entirely due to spectacular increase in wireless connections.
Reforms in Telecommunication Sector
It began in 1992-93 with the opening of value added services to the private sector.
National Telecom Policy (NTP 1994) announced the opening of basic telecom services to
competition and the initiation of cellular mobile services.
It envisages the provision of a public telephone becoming available for every 500 persons
in urban areas and at least once in every village.
New Telecom Policy was announced in 1999.
Under the NTP 1999, a package for migration form fixed license fee to revenue sharing
was offered in July 1999.
It led to fall in cellular mobile tariffs by about 90% since 1999.
Major Developments
Application of ICT in daily Life
Education
Banking
Industry
Science and Engineering
Business and Commerce
e-commerce
Governance
Medicine
Entertainment
Advantages of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Faster communication
Reliable mode of communication
Lower cost of communication
Better data storage and file management
Paperless environment
Efficient sharing of information
Effective business to consumer relationship
Improvements in innovation and research
Borderless world
Negative Impact
Social problems
Health issues
Job losses
Implementation expenses
Cyber crimes
Privacy
