THE ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000 (R.A

9003)

MARIA CRISTINA F. EVA, ENP

SWMS
 A garbage slide that buried and
killed hundreds of waste pickers
and their families

Served as a push for National law

on proper waste management

From tragedy to
action
Solid waste is the most visible
environment problem

Generation:
Urban areas - 0 . 61 kg/ capita/ day
Rural areas - 0 . 30 kg/ capita/ day

Total annual generation ( Tons/ D)

= 11 , 823 . 46 tons/ day ( 2023 Proj.)
for Metro Manila

( 2023 PROJ.) 4 , 315 , 469 Tons/ Year

increasing volume of waste generation due to

rapid increase in population, industrialization
and development in our country.
Types of Solid Waste
Discarded household materials
Non- hazardous
Institutuional / Industrial waste
Street Sweepings
Construction debris
Agricultural waste
Other non- hazardous / non - toxic
 Our present system of garbage
management is garbage disposal and not
waste management.

This HAKOT/ TAMBAK system, also known

as the collect and dump system, is not
ecological.
Who generates garbage?
Solid Waste Composition, 2021
GHG EMISSIONS FROM THE WASTE SECTOR

Human
Sewage
13%

Industrial
Wastewater
13%

Solid
Wastes
Municipal 60%
Wastewater
14%
 CLIMATE CHANGE

"A change in climate which is attributed directly

or indirectly to human activity that alters the
composition of the global atmosphere which is in
addition to natural climate variability observed over a
comparable period of time"
(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

"Any change in climate over time, whether due to natural

variability or as a result of human activity"
(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

5
KNOW THE DIFFERENCE...
• Ground & surface water
contamination
• Air pollution
• Release of greenhouse
gases
• Foul odor
REPUBLIC ACT OF 9003
 Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

• An ACT providing for an ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING

THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN
ACTS PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFORE,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

• Approved on January 26, 2001

• First law signed by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

• Took Effect on February 16, 2001

 OBJECTIVE OF THE
LAW
The overall principle and objective of R.A. 9003 are
that all waste should be brought to where they can be
resources again - the recyclables to factories and the
biodegradables either used as animal feed or composted
for soil enhancement.

Only materials that currently cannot be composted or

recycled should go to landfills.

09
The implementing rules and regulations of R. A. No. 9003 are contained in DENR Administrative
Order No. 2001 - 34
 CLASSIFICATION OF
WASTE
as defined by R.A. 9003
 COMPOSTAB LE WASTE
Compostable wastes are biodegradable wastes such as food
waste, garden waste, and animal waste.

Examples are:
Fruit and vegetable peelings, leftover foods, vegetable
trims, fish/fowl/meat/ animal
entrails/, soft shells, seeds, leaves, etc.,
 RECYCLABLE WASTE
Recyclable materials refer to any waste material
retrieved from the waste stream and free from
contamination that can still be converted into
suitable beneficial use. Examples are:
Newspaper, ferrous and non- ferrous scrap
. metals, corrugated cardboard, aluminum, tin
cans, glass, papers, etc.,
 SPECIAL WASTE
Special waste refers to household hazardous wastes.
Examples are:
Paints, thinner, household batteries, lead -
acid batteries, spray canisters, bulky wastes,
consumer electronics (which refer to worn-
out, broken and other discarded items), white
goods (which refer to large worn- out or
broken household appliances), oil, tires, etc.,
 RESIDUAL WASTE
Residual wastes are solid waste materials that are non-
compostable and non-recyclable.
Examples are:
Sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, worn - out
rugs, ceramics, candy wrappers/sachets, cartons
which contain a plastic lining usually used for
milk and juice containers, etc.,
 HOUSEHOLD
HEALTHCARE WASTE
Wastes that are contaminated with blood or other potentially
infectious materials. These wastes can be dangerous to human health
and the environment if not correctly disposed of.
Examples are:
Sharps, face masks, used syringes, gloves,
expired pharmaceutical drugs, soiled dressings
and bandages
SALIENT FEATURES
OF REPUBLIC ACT
OF
9003
CREATION OF:

• THE NATIONAL SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT COMMISSION (NSWMC)

• THE NATIONAL ECOLOGY CENTER

(NEC)

• THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

BOARD IN EVERY PROVINCE, CITY,
AND MUNICIPALITY IN THE COUNTRY
The National Solid Waste Management Commission
(NSWMC)

• Created under the Office of the President

• EMB provides secretariat support
• Oversees the implementation of SWM plans
• Prescribe policies to achieve the objectives of the Act
• Composed of 17 members (14 from Government Sector and 3
from Private Sector)
GOVERNMENT SECTOR

DENR - Chairman
DILG
DOST
DOH
DTI
DA
MMD
A
League of Provinces
 NSWMC Members
(5 from the Private Sector)

• A representative from the Recycling Industry (Vice Chairman)

2. Three (3) representatives from Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)

3. A representative from the Manufacturing and Packaging Industry 1íi:aťc sccťoí

ícpícsckťaťi:cs skall
4. With DepEd as an Honorary Member
bc appointed by
the President for a
term of 3 years
Other agencies involved in the campaign and
implementation of R.A 9003

Local Government (city and municipality)

CHED
Office of the Press Secretary
Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas
National Press Club
Philippine Press Institute
PNP
DND
PCG
 Creation of National Ecology Center - Sec. 7 of RA 9003

There shall be established National Ecology Center which

shall provide consulting, information, training, and
networking services for the implementation of the provisions
of this Act.
LOCAL SWM BOARDS
• Creation of Provincial, City, and Municipal Solid Waste
Management Boards

(Section 11 and 12 of RA 9003) that shall prepare, submit and implement a plan for the
safe and sanitary management of solid waste generated in areas under its geographic and
political coverage.

• Creation of a Barangay Solid Waste Management Committee

(Rule VI. Section 6, IRR of RA 9003) that shall, among others, Formulate a Solid Waste
Management program consistent with the City/Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan,
segregate and collect biodegradable, compostable, reusable wastes, and establish a
Materials Recovery Facility
LGU 10-YEAR SWM PLANS - SEC. 16

The province, city, or municipality, through its local SWM boards, shall
prepare its respective 10-year Solid Waste Management Plans
consistent with the National Solid Waste Management Framework.

Provided, that the waste management plan shall:

• be for the re-use, recycling, and composting of wastes generated

in their respective jurisdictions; and

• ensure the efficient management of solid waste generated within its

jurisdiction.
10-YEAR SWM PLANS

• contain all the components provided in Section 17 of this

Act and a timetable for the implementation of the solid
• be reviewed and updated every year by the provincial,
city, or municipal solid waste management board.

All local government solid waste management plans shall be

subjected to the approval of the Commission.
MANDATORY SEGREGATION OF SOLID WASTE. – (SEC. 21)

The LGUs shall evaluate alternative roles for the

public & private sectors in providing collection
services, type of collection system, or
combination of systems, that best meet their
needs: Provided, that segregation of waste
shall be conducted primarily at the source
such as household, institutional, industrial,
commercial and agricultural sources; Provided
further, that wastes shall be segregated into the
categories provided in Sec. 22 of this Act.
Setting minimum requirements to ensure systematic collection and transport of wastes and the
proper protection of the health of garbage collectors. (Sec. 23 & 24).

• Personnel dealing directly w/collection of solid waste shall be

equipped with personal protective equipment.
• Necessary training for the collectors & personnel to ensure
the safe & efficient collection & transport of solid waste.
• The vehicle shall be designed to consider road size,
condition, and capacity.
• The compartment should be covered to ensure the
containment of waste while in transit.
Establishment of reclamation programs and Buy-Back Centers
for recyclable and toxic materials - Sec. 28
NEC shall assist LGUs in establishing & implementing deposits or
reclamation programs in coordination with manufacturers, recyclers, and
generators to provide separate collection systems or convenient drop-off
locations for recyclable materials and particularly for separated toxic
components of the waste.

Promotion of eco- labeling in local products and services - Sec. 27

DTI shall formulate and implement a coding system for packaging
materials and products to facilitate waste recycling and re-use (Sec. 27)
PROHIBITION ON NON-ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE PRODUCTS AND PACKAGING
(NEAPP) - SEC. 30

No person owning, operating, or conducting a commercial

establishment in the country shall sell or convey at retail
or possess with the intent to sell or convey at retail any
products that are placed, wrapped, or packaged in packaging
which is not environmentally acceptable packaging.
ESTABLISHMENT OF LGU MATERIALS RECOVERY FACILITY - SEC. 32

• The facility shall be established in a barangay-owned or leased land or

any suitable open space to be determined by the barangay through its
Sanggunian.
• The barangay or cluster of barangays shall allocate a certain parcel of
land (50-100sqm) for the MRF.
• The MRF shall receive mixed waste for final sorting, segregation,
composting, and recycling.
• The resulting residual wastes shall be transferred to a long- term
storage or disposal facility or sanitary landfill.
TWO (2) MAIN PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF AN MRF

Eco-shed or
warehouse
TWO (2) MAIN PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF AN MRF

Composting area
 TYPES OF COMPOSTING

Tire
Composting Pot Composting
Jeans/Denim Composting

Box Composting
Jeans/Denim Composting
Does the operation of MRFs and controlled dumpsites require the issuance of an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)?

The establishment of MRFs would not require an ECC

considering the minimal negative impact of these facilities on
the environment.

However, this does not apply to facilities processing more than

15 tons/day or producing 10,000 bags or more of compost (at
50 kg each) per year.

The operation of a controlled dumpsite does not also require

an ECC. This is because of the interim nature of a controlled
dumpsite and considering that its conversion from an open
dumpsite is actually part of an environmental enhancement
activity
 PROHIBITION AGAINST THE USE OF OPEN DUMP - SEC.37

3 years after the effectivity of this act (February 16, 2004)

All open dumpsites should be closed or

con verted to controlled disposal sites in
accordance with the guidelines set in Sec. 41;
then, 5 years following the effectivity of this
act that no controlled dumps shall be allowed.
To incorporate ecological waste
management in school systems at all
levels

Agencies involved: DepEd, TESDA, CHED

& DENR
INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE
 Role of the DENR as lead agency of the NSWMC - Sec. 8

• Provide technical and other capability-building assistance

and support to LGUs.
• Recommend policies to eliminate barriers to waste
reduction programs.
• Issue rules and regulations.
• Exercise visitorial and enforcement powers to
ensure strict compliance.
Role of the LGUs in Solid Waste Management - Sec. 10 of RA 9003

Section 10 of R.A. 9003, in its IRR, and in pursuant to the

relevant provisions of R.A. No. 7160, otherwise known as
the local Government Code, the Local Government Units
(LGUs) shall be the primary responsible for the
implementation and enforcement of the provisions of this
Act within their respective jurisdiction
 Visitorial Powers of the DENR - Sec. 9

• The Department (thru EMB) or its duly authorized representative shall

have access to, and the right to copy therefrom, the records required
to be maintained

• The Secretary or the duly authorized representative shall likewise

have the right to enter the premises of any generator, recycler or
manufacturer, or other facilities at any time to question any employee
or investigate any fact, condition, or matter which may be necessary
to determine any violation, or which may aid in the effective
enforcement of this Act and its implementing rules and regulations.
 Business Industry Role- Sec. 57
The Commission shall encourage commercial and industrial
establishments, through appropriate incentives other than tax incentives
to:
• initiate, participate, and invest in integrated EWM Projects
• manufacture of environment-friendly products
• introduce, develop, and adopt innovative processes
• recycle and reuse materials
• conserve raw materials and energy
• reduce waste
• prevent pollution
• undertake community activities to promote and
• propagate effective SWM practices
DISPOSAL FACILITIES

NAVOTAS SANITARY LANDFILL

 6 CONTROLLED DUMPSITES IN NCR

• Catmon CDF- Sitio 6, Brgy Catmon, Malabon City

• Dona Petra CDF- Brgy Conception Uno Marikina City

• Lingunan CDF- Rubber Master Road, Brgy Lingunan, Valenzuela City

• Payatas CDF- Area 2, Brgy. Payatas, Quezon City

• Pulang Lupa CDF- Pulang Lupa Dos, Las Pinas City

• Navotas CDF- Brgy. Tanza, Navotas City

6 CONTROLLED DUMPSITES IN NCR
 13 TRANSFER STATIONS IN NCR

• Caloocan TS- 162, Tullahan Road, Brgy. 162, Caloocan City

• Caloocan TS 185, Gumamela St., Brgy. 185, Caloocan City
• Las Pinas TS- Coastal Road, Pulang Lupa, Las Pinas City
• Lingunan TS- Rubbermaster Road, Brgy. Lingunan, Valenzuela City
• Mandaluyong TS-457 J.P. Rizal, Brgy. Vergara, Mandaluyong City - CLOSED
• Marikina TS/MRF- Gil Fernando Ave., Brgy. Sto. Nino, Marikina City
• Muntinlupa TS- Km 23, Lot 35G, West Service Road, Brgy. Cupang, Muntinlupa City
• Paranaque TS- Coastal Road, Paranaque Exil Toll Gate, Brgy. Don Galo, Paranaque City -
CLOSED
• Pasay TS-240 C. Jose St., Malibay, Pasay City - CLOSED
• Pasig TS- Sandoval Ave., Brgy., Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City
• Pier 18 TS- Brgy. 105, Vitas, Tondo, Manila
• Taguig TS- C6 Road, Brg. Wawa, Taguig City
• Tugatog TS- #3 Dr. Lascano St., Brgy. Tugatog, Malabon City
13 TRANSFER STATIONS IN NCR
WASTE GENERATION BY
CITY/MUNICIPALITY, 2022
WASTE GENERATION BY
CITY/MUNICIPALITY
PROHIBITED ACTS
PROHIBITED ACTS
PROHIBITED ACTS
conceptu A l fr A mework of r A 9003
RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER A CENTRALIZED
SYSTEM
TYPICAL WASTE STREAM
WHAT
OFFICES/ESTABLISHMENTS
CAN DO?
SETTING UP YOUR SWM PROGRAM
Preparation of Policy and
Organization

Secure management policy and

guidelines

• Board Resolution
• Memorandum Circular
• Building Rules
• Sanctions and Rewards
SETTING UP YOUR SWM PROGRAM

Form a strong lead group (SWAT)

• Assign a program coordinator and

support staff
• Must be part of the job description, a
clear definition of functions
• Handles day-to-day program
implementation
2. CONDUCT SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
WASTE AUDIT AND
CHARACTERIZATION

SET MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

SEGREGATION MUST CONFORM WITH THE BUILDING
STANDARDS
ENSURE EFFICIENT SEGREGATION OF MATERIALS
3. FORMULATE A PLAN
4. DRY RUN AND IMPLEMENT THE PLAN
4. DETERMINE DISPOSAL OF SEGREGATED MATERIALS
4. CONDUCT INFORMATION EDUCATION CAMPAIGN
5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
5. PREPARE REPORTS
CAUSES AND EFFECT
 CONCLUSION
Philippines generates approximately 30,000 tons of solid wastes per day that threatens the health and safety of
the
people and the environment. It emits about 675 tons of methane everyday into the atmosphere.

As the population increases, the amount of waste generated also rises. Solid waste decomposition in landfills produces
methane (CH4). It is the second most common greenhouse gas, 21 times the potency of carbon dioxide.
By reducing waste generation through proper management, the amount of organic waste sent to landfills decreases,
leading to lower methane emissions and reduced contribution to climate change.

Effective solid waste management necessitates a two-pronged approach: behavioral change and political will. While
behavioral change emphasizes individual responsibility and conscious consumption habits, political will is essential for
creating an enabling environment through policy, regulation and investment.

By combing these efforts, we can create a cleaner and more sustainable future for generations to come.