classmate
Date
Page
Q. Shot ote - (Sm
- Digestion (s make) Das aa fit dieqan
Seliay -amylase (« Ih bond)
hactiva tioA by stomach aciity
ceL stimalate d secvebian of pahcretc
e-mylase
Socretin shimates the release
biarsohete ’ s neatralises acidi e ebyhe
Po lysac isac Monosa
Montt Saliv am.
DeytiS
Stomacl
Dextins
Small ht. Pancr. -am
haltose Sucrose actose
Sat.Eny mes Mlte se Sucrase Lacye
-fu
Transport througt aut. Epithell l Cel
K
clasSMate
Date lu4
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Lecturei rlycolysis
Why glucose fuel of cheie livings?
Simple cao fomed fom formalesky de duing prinitie
biochemiad systems Ceary tife on eart)
Most stalble huxose -CH,OR ave
anangeal Such that there's muwmal steaie claser
t mo stly xists non- open,
oren i:e, nng fom i
has
veny (ittle tendency to modity
modity proteins Ctlyet
Mow do we jet eneY fm food ?
Cadbs, pofejns & lipids that we eat 4 diest
wltimateiy synth esie E other functioy
they play in ou bedy) arbg rotf Lip. -h hceds
ihese iems aYE nothing but a sid
Source e lectons l
Electrons fomthe food items imatey pas on
to NAD 4 FDHa
fm NADH FrDHy
electos qet tansferel to
O sim ultaneously jererating Proton grndient.
a
Sy nthase utilies this poton adient to
form tPs
Serves the wti mateee elec tron acep fr
food # serves the p nay ele cton donor
Liweiyng t thei pro cesses is kla "Respition
AC-cabo nolecule breeks down to 23-carbon' moleule
2 ATe moles are cOhsumed
Produeed Cswbstrate evel phosphonylaty’ Net 2 Te;
ATP, diprodued
rectly
2 NADH molas produced ---’indireetly
- produee
Proauce sTe.
thoygh Ete - - oxideive phosporglation’ Net 2ts-7 ATe
·. Ln anebie condiions. 7 ATes
Glycogenolysis
1 Ate is
dirertly
less. Net 2t5 ATP produee d by muscle. slcoe
Rnobie tycolysis generates instant energy
Se, theie are 2 2 ieys Ate generaton, 0Snbstrate
lewet plosphomylatisy
n aneyobic sycoysis, Pyuvate get converte d to lactet
P n in mscles
Feo bic aycolysis: f Pyruvate gets convertd iuto acety l ot
keety! Cok euters rCA cycle
Atter complete aerobie oxidation o sucose net 32 AT, produced
Only 3 steps are ireversible :
steps consume ATP. steps pmduce
whenever ATe or tDP is there, the neme + eneyme ends kinase'
classmate
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2h2/23
4'ycolysis: salient points fex Lecture
hco kinase nby in
stexo
Glnco Uninhibited ysis
m¡ttfntt guose ter meal
lAusf in masces can fet du- P
tietd to glycosen synth. pass o erhacellula side
is oMerase
Fru-p Readily cleaved into 3 pat
- PFKis paLemaker tstycalysis
- Most imp conl ate 46P is di ficlt to be cteawc)
- ART? alesteicaly OPÀK Phosphe
fmeto
kiheye This R maes way fr senehf2
phosphomens
y bis - -3e ?.S
henaey oafed
he pyo feety museles Step (uncaun ecked) 2pas roups
.conntteil
aldoase Ldi' means
aldol Mdeh. t Aeohol
Tiuse Pho.
GAP [3c]
isomeyase
NADH+t
GAP dehydogcnse
,3-6 P< covhpond
Phaspto
syente
lahase
3- P4
Mutase
2-f X2
enolase dekydratou creetes hightly
Enol PEP { trans fer potentiak
-loutvols efas ef this pathay Pynvatee
kinase
-Alanine atl osteric A (abundane) Mgtmt
Vey stasle
enable,iHz wgh pae
uplomng interetiates
Pymvate
Lactato
Acetyl Cok TA’ eTC’Hab t Og
Aherobic teyoic
clAsSmte
Date
Page
Speciad aspecty
PFIL
slycolysis in
ATP (ewels in do NoT Huctuafe like muscle
alosteric catol by TP 3h PEK is ngelesy
Low pk is not a metabsdic siçhal,rather lacfate
Cohverted int scose by Liver it.
Abundane (scavcity f buildi g iocks of biasy nthesis regultes,
Ex. cirate EO, PFK
Atir a meal ich in aras, wigh infux oe
of u leads to
addiionas synth esis t F2,-8P
tis F-,6-8P is potent cHvator ac PeK:es glycolysis
= "Feed forsad stimlation'
Lhstead f hexo kinase, sucokinoase le hexo kinese coutols
Hucoiase phesphorylater Hu only wher Ga is abundlent e:f. me.
Hucokinase a finity is so' times lowr than aroleinaye far Gu
. Hucokinase binds olecules that are 'eeks}! f
what hexolinase her al reedy bond
u Cater Carb rieh meal meeds o Ae
As veny high, exessive
Catabied AskP, geo bi nese, remains whfected by f6-P.
Rather continuous synthesis fe-6P is welcome by gycsen
synthesis Machinry! a-6-e is so utilired for faty t. synthesis
When spply f tu is low es in tastng stete, glue. is prmptly
uti lineA brain muscles & nt by (iveri lou fiuity
4
by
ensuring that su is diverted for biosy ntkesis
slucolinese,
duing fasting periods
by
bn the ther side, oher abundant, tu is hot wasted
aceleration o gy coly sis, but its diverted toards bebio syntheiis
teatneuk
*Tis,acçeleration syclyds iachi ened any meMS, i
pxahdial erercise||!
diabeter astant asing4 eycers Gt'l ost
foK0 -L-form af Petiver PL) iS aso contled by reveritle phosphe
rylattoh Comlent modification) pLachity
Er. BSL ’ ason trggeed ckmp cascade - PaRK-
