Physical Education
and Sports for
CWSN
CONCEPT OF DISABILITY
The term disability means any kind of impairment or permanent reduction
in physical or mental capacity. The reduction can be related to any kind of
physical loss, mental illness, intellectual impairment or reduction in the
use of sense organs. This may be present from birth or occur during a
person’s lifetime. This affects a person’s participation in different areas of
life and reduces the full use of body structures and functions.
CONCEPT OF DISORDER
Disorder is any ailment that disturbs the health of a person, hinders a person’s
performance and diminishes his/her efficiency. Disorder grows inside a person, they are
small in the beginning but may become serious and grow into a disability. There are
many kinds of disorders like mental disorder, neurological disorder, hyper activity
disorder, eating disorder, addiction disorder, attention disorder etc.
TYPES OF DISABILITY
PHYSICAL DISABILITY
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
SENSORY DISABILITY
BRAIN DISABILITY
COGNITIVE DISABILITY
PHYSICAL DISABILITY
The nature of this disability is physical since it relates to physical functioning of the
body parts including sense organs.
This refers to the limitation on a person’s physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or
stamina.
CAUSES : CANCER , INJURIES , OBESITY
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
The nature of this disability is also mental since the intellectual domain is
related to using the capacity of the mind. It is a disability characterised by
significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive
behaviour.
CAUSES: DRUG USE , GENETICS ,
COGNITIVE DISABILITY
The nature of this disability is mental since cognitive domain is related to
using mental abilities and achieving results from it.
It is related to impairments in intellectual functioning and adaptive
behaviour. Intellectual functioning means person’s ability to plan,
comprehend and reason while adaptive behaviour refers to applying social
and practical skills in everyday life
CAUSES: GENETICS , ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION,
SENSORY DISABILITY
Sensory disability is a neurological disorder that affects the human brain to
process sensory information (such as sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell)
normally and properly.
TYPES OF DISORDERS
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)
SPD (Sensory Processing Disorder)
ODD ( Oppositional Defiant Disorder)
OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder)
ADHD
The common symptoms of this disorder are hyperactivity, trouble focusing on
a task, very short span of attention and missing details. . Children with ADHD
may understand what’s expected of them but have trouble following the
instructions required to complete the task.
ASD
The nature of this disorder is related to mental illness which then changes the
behaviour. It is a complex .developmental disorder that affects normal brain
development. The symptoms of ASD are difficulty in communication and
interaction with people. They also have repetitive behaviour patterns like flicking
a light switch repeatedly, smelling everything, flipping objects etc.
SPD
This is a condition in which the brain has trouble in receiving and
responding to information that comes in through the senses. The
SPD is related to mental nature. There the sensory inputs are not
organised by the brain in an appropriate manner.
The common symptoms are showing heightened reactivity to
sound, touch or movement.
ODD
The nature of this disorder is related to social behaviours. This behaviour
disorder usually takes place in early teens. Main symptoms of ODD are
similar patterns of anger,irritable mood ,saying hateful words ,seeking
revenge etc…
OCD
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) features a pattern of unwanted thoughts
and fears known as obsessions. These obsessions lead you to do repetitive
behaviors, also called compulsions. These obsessions and compulsions get in the
way of daily activities and cause a lot of distress.
STRATEGIES TO MAKE PHYSICAL
ACTIVITIES ACCESSIBLE FOR CWSN
Inclusive Classrooms: It means development of education laws in such a
way that children with special needs get education within the normal
classrooms along with other children so that they are well accepted in
society.
Adaptive Physical Education: Depending on student’s disability, a
separate, adaptive class or modifications within a game, changing the
rules of the game or sport to some extent can help the students in a big
way.
Creating Specific Environment: Students with special needs can be
provided with specific play area with special requirements as needed by
them. Loud music, glaring lights often cannot be tolerated by these
children, so a lot of natural lighting should be there.
