EUROPEAN STANDARD FINAL DRAFT

NORME EUROPÉENNE EN 1168:2005+A2:2009

EUROPÄISCHE NORM FprA3
February 2011

ICS 91.100.30

English Version

Precast concrete products - Hollow core slabs

Produits préfabriqués en béton - Dalles alvéolées Betonfertigteile - Hohlplatten

This draft amendment is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 229.

This draft amendment A3, if approved, will modify the European Standard EN 1168:2005+A2:2009. If this draft becomes an amendment,
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this
amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration.

This draft amendment was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made
by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has
the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229
“Precast concrete products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Construction Products Directives
(89/106/EEC) of the European Union (EU).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

1 Modification to the Foreword

Replace paragraph 13, referring to Eurocodes, with the following:

"Eurocodes are taken as a common reference for design aspects. The installation of some structural precast
concrete products is dealt with by EN 13670. In all countries it can be accompanied by alternatives for national
application.".

2 Modification to the Introduction

th
Add the following paragraph after the 4 paragraph:

"Special rules for pre-stressing by means of thermal pre-stressing are given in Annex K.".

3 Modifications to Clause 1, Scope

st th
Replace the 1 sentence of the 4 paragraph with the following:

"The elements have lateral edges with a grooved profile in order to make a shear key to transfer shear
through joints contiguous elements.".

Add after this paragraph the following new paragraph:

"To improve this action vertical grooves may be provided.".

st th
Add after the 1 sentence of the 5 paragraph:

"Fitting slabs (narrowed slab elements) and recesses to the hollow core slabs can be made during production
or afterwards. Hollow core slabs can have provisions for thermal activation, heating, cooling, sound insulation,
etc. Due to these provisions, the concrete temperature remains in it’s natural range.”.
th
Add after the 5 paragraph the following new paragraph:

"This European Standard also deals with solid slab elements used in conjunction with hollow core slabs and
manufactured by extrusion, slipforming or mouldcasting, equivalent to the manufacturing of hollow core slabs.
These solid slabs have the same overall cross-section as hollow core slabs, however without hollow cores.".
th
Replace the 6 paragraph with the following:

"The application of the standard is limited for prestressed elements to a maximum depth of 500 mm and for
reinforced elements to a maximum depth of 300 mm.

For both types, the maximum width without transverse reinforcement is limited to 1 200 mm and with
transverse reinforcement to 2 400 mm.".

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

4 Modification to Clause 2, Normative references

Add the following reference:

"EN ISO 15630-3, Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete — Test methods - Part 3:
Prestressing steel (ISO 15630-3:2010)".

5 Modifications to 3.1, Definitions

Replace Figure 1 in 3.1.1 with the following: "

Key
A hollow core slab
B solid slab
C combined slab
1 core
2 web

Figure 1 — Types of hollow core slabs (examples)".

Insert three new definitions after 3.1.1: "

3.1.2
solid slab
slab with the same overall cross-section as a hollow core slab where, during manufacturing no voids are made
(Figure 1 B). This slab is manufactured in the same manner (machine, bed, …) as hollow core slabs with
voids

NOTE Hollow core slabs where the voids are filled with concrete after manufacturing of the hollow core element can
not be considered as a solid slab.

3.1.3
combined slab
hollow core slab that has partially a solid cross section (Figure 1 C). The depth of the cross section may vary
over the length of the element

3.1.4
fitting slab
slab sawn from a standard slab with a width ≥ 250 mm with at least two webs".

Update the term numbers as follows:

3.1.2 core into 3.1.5 core

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

3.1.3 web into 3.1.6 web

3.1.4 lateral joint into 3.1.7 lateral joint

3.1.5 topping into 3.1.8 topping

3.1.6 screed into 3.1.9 screed

3.1.7 hollow core slab floor into 3.1.10 hollow core slab floor

3.1.8 composite hollow core slab floor into 3.1.11 composite hollow core slab floor

Add 3.1.12: "

3.1.12
solid slab floor
floor made of solid core slabs after the grouting of the joints".

Add 3.1.13: "

3.1.13
composite solid slab floor
solid slab floor complemented by a cast in situ topping".

6 Modification to 4.1.1.1, Maximum diameter of prestressing steel

Replace the text of the subclause with the following:

"The diameter of pre-stressing steel is limited to:

 Class 1: Elements with pre-stressing steel with a maximum of 11 mm for wires and 16 mm for strands;

 Class 2: Elements with thermal pre-stressed bars with a maximum of 16 mm.

The use of pre-stressing bars is only allowed in accordance with Annex K.".

7 Modification to 4.2.1.1.1, Longitudinal bars

Replace the existing text of c) with the following: "

c) in the outermost webs there shall be at least one bar, for solid slabs, the equivalent position shall be
considered;".

8 Modifications to 4.3.1.1.2, Tolerances for construction purposes

Replace the text of b) with the following: "

b) slab width:

 general ± 5 mm;

 in case of fitting slabs ± 25 mm;

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Add d) as follows: "

d) length of protruding strands.

The minus deviation from the measured length of the protruding part of the protruding strand in regard to the
nominal (design) value:

 10 mm.

This value may be increased with half of the actual deviation (positive) of the measured slab length (a)).".

9 Addition of 4.3.1.2.5 Vertical grooves shape

Add a new subclause 4.3.1.2.5: "

4.3.1.2.5 Vertical grooves shape

The shape of possible vertical grooves used to improve the diaphragm action shall be appropriate with regard
to the resistance of the grout against horizontal shear. A typical shape of vertical grooves is given in Annex B.

In any case vertical grooves shall not be compulsory for diaphragm action, but only an additional provision.".

10 Modification to 4.3.3.2.1, Resistance to spalling for prestressed hollow core slabs

Replace the definitions for P0 and bw with the following: "

P0 is the initial prestressing force just after release in the considered web or the total prestressing force
of the slab in case of solid slabs;

bw is the thickness of the individual web or the total width b of the slab in case of a solid slab;".

11 Modification to 4.3.3.2.2, Shear and torsion capacity

Replace the whole subclause with the following: "

4.3.3.2.2.1 General verification procedure

Shear failure of hollow-core slabs without shear reinforcement may occur in regions cracked by bending or in
regions uncracked by bending. If a flexural crack arises within the anchorage length of the reinforcement, an
anchorage failure can also occur. All the three failure modes shall be considered.

1) Shear resistance in cracked regions shall be calculated using EN 1992-1-1:2004, Expressions (6.2.a)
and (6.2.b).

2) Shear resistance in uncracked regions shall be calculated using EN 1992-1-1:2004, Expression (6.4),
taking into account, when relevant, the additional shear stresses due to the transmission of the
prestressing force and referring to the most unfavourable position in the cross section. A procedure
to apply this calculation is given in 4.3.3.2.2.2 and 4.3.3.2.2.3.

NOTE A guidance on the calculation of the additional shear stresses in the anchorage zones of prestressing tendons
can also be found in CEB-FIP Model Code 90, clause 6.9.12.

3) Resistance against anchorage failure shall be calculated following EN 1992-1-1:2004, 9.2.1.4.

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

In case of flexible supports, the reducing effect of transversal shear stresses on the shear resistance shall be
taken into account.

For hollow-core slabs deeper than 450 mm the shear strength, both for regions cracked and uncracked by
bending, shall be reduced by 10 % with respect to the equations and procedures quoted above.

4.3.3.2.2.2 Shear resistance in uncracked regions

Regions uncracked by bending are defined by a flexural tensile stress smaller than fctk0,05/γC. Here the shear
resistance shall be calculated with the following equation:

Ibw ( y ) 
VRdc =  ( f ctd )2 + σ cp ( y ) f ctd − τ cp ( y ) 
Sc ( y )  

where

n
 1 (Y − y )(Yc − Ypt )   M
σ cp ( y ) = ∑  + c  × Pt (l x ) − Ed × (Yc − y ) (positive if compressive)
t =1  A I   I

1 n
 A ( y ) S c ( y ) × (Yc − Ypt )  dP (l ) 
τ cp ( y ) = × ∑  c − + Cp t ( y ) × t x 
bw ( y ) t =1  A I  dx 

This equation shall be applied with reference to the critical points of a straight line of failure rising from the
edge of the support with an angle β = 35° with respect to the horizontal axis. The critical point is the point on
the quoted line where the result of the expression of VRd,c is the lowest.

7
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Key

1 line of failure

2 height of centroidal axis

3 considered cross-section

4 forces in considered cross-section

Figure 3 a) Line of failure Figure 3 b) Forces and moments in

considered cross-section

Figure 3 — Shear structure in uncracked regions

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

The definition of symbols is given here below.

I is the second moment of area of the cross section

bw(y) is the web width at the height y

Yc is the height of the centroidal axis

Sc(y) is the first moment of the area above height y and about the centroidal axis

y is the height of the critical point on the line of failure

lx is the distance of the considered point on the line of failure from the starting point of the
transmission length (= x)

σcp(y) is the concrete compressive stress at the height y and distance lx

n is the number of tendon layers

A is the fictive cross section surface

Pt(lx) is the prestressing force in the considered tendon layer at distance lx. The transfer of prestress
shall be taken into account according to EN 1992-1-1:2004, 8.10.2.2

MEd is the bending moment due to the vertical load

τcp(y) is the concrete shear stress due to transmission of prestress at height y and distance lx

Ac(y) is the area above height y

Cpt(y) is a factor taking into account the position of the considered tendon layer
Cpt = -1 when y ≤ Ypt

Cpt = 0 when y > Ypt

Ypt is the height of the position of considered tendon layer

4.3.3.2.2.3 Simplified expression

As an alternative to the above equation, the following simplified equation may be applied

Ibw
VRdc = ϕ ( f ctd )2 + βαl σ cp f ctd
S
where

I is the second moment of area;

S is the first moment of area above and about the centroidal axis

bw is the width of the cross-section at the centroidal axis,

αℓ = lx/ lpt2 is the degree of prestressing transmission (αI ≤ 1,0);

lx is the distance of the considered section from the starting point of transmission length;

lpt2 upper value of transmission length (see EN 1992-1-1:2004, Expression (8.18));

9
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

σcp = NEd/A is the full concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis,

fctd = fctk0,05/γc is the design value of tensile strength of concrete;

φ = 0,8 reducing factor;

β = 0,9 reducing factor referred to transmission length.

Sections between the edge of the support and the section at a distance 0,5h from this edge (where h is the
depth of the section), need not to be checked.".

Update the figure numbering due to addition of Figure 3.

12 Modification to 4.3.3.2.2.2, Shear with torsion capacity

Replace the title and the whole subclause with the following: "

4.3.3.2.2.4 Shear capacity of elements subjected to torsion

If a section is subjected simultaneously to shear and torsion, the shear capacity VRdn shall be calculated in the
absence of particular justifications as follows:

VRdn = VRd,c - VEtd

in which VEtd is

TEd Σbw
VEtd = × for hollow-core elements
2bw (b − bw )

or

(3 + 1,8 × b/h )
VEtd = TEd × for solid elements
b
where

VRdn is the net value of the shear resistance, in newtons;

VRd,c is the design value of shear resistance according to 6.2.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004, in newtons;

VETd is the design value of acting shear force taking into account the torsional moment, in newtons;

TEd is the design value of the torsional moment in the considered section, in newtons millimetres;

bw is the width of the outermost web at the level of the centroidal axis (see Figure 4), in millimeters;

Σbw is the sum of all webs at the level of the centroidal axis, in millimeters.

10
 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Figure 4 — Eccentric shear force".

13 Modification to 4.3.3.2.6, Load capacity of elements supported on three edges

Replace the third paragraph with the following:

The load capacity qk, in newtons per millimeter, for imposed load per unit area which is the total load minus
the load due to the self weight of the elements, shall be calculated, in the serviceability limit state, as follows:

f ctk0,05 Wt
qk =
0,06l 2

in which Wt is the lower value of

Wt = 2t (h - hf)(b - bw)

and

b 2h
Wt = ,
(3 + 1,8b / h)

where

Wt is the torsional section modulus of an element according to the elastic theory, in cubic millimetres;

t is the smallest of the values of hf and bw, in millimetres;

hf is the smallest value of the upper or lower thickness of the flange;

bw is the thickness of the outermost web, in millimeters;

L is the length of the element.".

11
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

14 Modification to 4.3.4.1, Resistance to fire

Replace the first sentence with the following:

"Complementary to EN 13369:2004, 4.3.4.1 to 4.3.4.3 the calculation method and tabulated data is given in
Annex G. In absence of national rules concerning shear capacity under fire conditions, additional rules can be
found in the Annex G.".

Replace the note with the following:

"NOTE The fire resistance given for a hollow core element (load bearing function) is valid when installed in a floor
structure with necessary tying system according to EN 1992-1-1:2004, unless additional measures are taken. For
separating function of hollow core slab floors, insulation (for minimum thickness see Annex G) and integrity (for joints see
EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.6) are additionally required. The topping or screed cast directly on the precast unit may be taken into
account in the fire resistance of the floor for the separating function.".

15 Modification to Clause 5, Test methods

Add a new subclause: "

5.2 Tests on pre-stressing steel

In case of thermal pre-stressing, all additional tests described in Annex K shall apply.".

Update the numbering of the following clauses (automatically, not tagged):

5.2 Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics

becomes:

5.3 Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics

5.2.1 Element dimensions

becomes:

5.3.1 Element dimensions

5.2.1.1 Procedure

becomes:

5.3.1.1 Procedure

5.3 Weight of the products

becomes:

5.4 Weight of the products

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

16 Modification to Clause 6, Evaluation of conformity

nd
Add after the 2 paragraph of 6.3 the following new paragraph:

"For inspection tests in case of thermal pre-stressing, specific additional rules are given in Annex K.".

17 Modifications to C.5 Load distribution factors for three or four supported edges
Replace the title and the whole subclause with the following: "

C.5 Load distribution factors for three or four supported edges

C.5.1 General

When, in addition to the two end supports of the elements, one or two lateral edges of the floor are supported,
the load distribution factors are given in the following clauses both for linear and point loads.

When determining the reaction forces, linear loads with a length greater than half the span should be
considered as linear loads. Linear loads with a length smaller than half the span should be considered as
linear loads if the centre of the load is at midspan, and as point loads if the centre of the load is not at
midspan.

C.5.2 Linear loads

In case of a linear load Flin,d of constant intensity and one supported lateral edge, the resultant FR of the
reaction distributed in the lateral support is given by

FR = qrev L = k Flin,d L (C.1)

where the distribution factor k is given in Figure C.5 as a function of the longitudinal span L, in m, and of the
distance s of the load from the nearest lateral support.

If the number n of the elements is greater than 5, the reaction given by Equation (C.1) should be multiplied by

(n − 5) s
1−
50 b
where b is the width of the elements.

If both lateral edges of the floor are supported, the reaction given by Equation (C.1) should be multiplied by

nb − s
nb
If the distance s is greater than 4,5b, the reaction of the lateral support may be taken equal to zero.

C.5.3 Point loads

In case of a point load Fpoint,d and one supported lateral edge, the resultant FR of the reaction distributed over
the lateral support is given by

FR = qrev L = k Fpoint,d (C.2)

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

where the distribution factor k is given in Figure C.6 as a function of the longitudinal span L, in m, and of the
distance s of the load from the nearest lateral support.

For loads applied at a distance x ≤ L/20 from the nearest end support, the reaction force R should be taken
zero; for values of l/x between 2 and 20 the reaction force should be calculated by linear interpolation.

If the number n of the elements is greater than 5, the intensity of the reaction given by Equation (C.1) should
be multiplied by

(n − 5) s
1−
50 b
where b is the width of the elements.

If both lateral edges of the floor are supported the intensity of the reaction given by Equation (C.2) should be
multiplied by

nb − s
nb
If the distance s is greater than 4,5b, the reaction of the lateral support may be taken equal to zero.

C.5.4 Additional requirements

The transverse distribution due to the reaction force should be calculated according to C.4 by considering the
reaction force as a (negative) edge load.

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Key
1 reaction force distribution factor (k)
2 span (L) in m
3 linear load (Flin,d)
4 reaction force

Figure C.5 — Reaction force at longitudinal support due to linear load (distribution factor k)

15
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Key
1 reaction force distribution factor (k)
2 span (L) in m
3 point load (Fpoint,d)
4 reaction force

Figure C.6 — Reaction force at longitudinal support due to a point load at midspan (distribution
factor k)".

18 Modification to Annex G, Resistance to fire

Replace Annex G with the following: "

16
 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Annex G
(informative)

Resistance to fire

G.1 Calculation method for load bearing conditions

G.1.1 General

Fire resistance (R) may be calculated according to EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.2 or 4.3 with the following additional
rules for prestressed hollow core slabs.

G.1.2 Fire resistance regarding bending failure

The following assumptions on slab temperatures are valid for slabs exposed to fire from below.

Fire resistance regarding bending failure may be determined by using simplified calculation methods (see
EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.2 and Annex B) and following assumptions:

 unless a more accurate thermal analysis is made, below the level a50% (the level on which the total web
width is equal to the core width, see Figure G.1), the temperature could be assumed to be equal to the
temperature of a solid slab (see EN 1992-1-2:2004, Figure A.2);

 above that level a linear interpolation can be assumed between the temperature at the a50% level and the
temperature at the top of the floor [maximum allowed temperature for the insulation criterion:
160 °C (= 140 °C+ 20 °C)]

Figure G.1 — Area where solid slab temperatures may be assumed

n m
a50% = level on which ∑ bw( i ) = ∑ bc (i )
i =1 i =1

where (see Figure G.1):

n is the number of webs;

m is the number of cores;

bw(i) is the width of web number “i” at considered level;

17
EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

bc(i) is the width of core number “i” at considered level.

Temperatures in the compression zone are in the order of 100 ˚C to 300 ˚C. At these temperatures concrete
has 90 % to 95 % of compressive strength left. Taking into account that γC = 1,0 and αcc = 1,0 (NDP) in fire
design the depth of concrete block decreases and the internal lever arm increases. This will result in more
favourable fire design. So the concrete strength on the compression side may be assumed to be unaffected
where slab thickness fulfils insulation criterion, i.e. it is on the safe side to assume the same internal lever arm
as in normal temperature design.

G.1.3 Fire resistance regarding shear and anchorage

Fire resistance regarding shear and anchorage failure may be determined by using simplified calculation
methods (see EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.2 and Annex B and D) and following assumptions:

 the temperature in the cross-section according to G.1.1;

 an empirical calculation model for shear and anchorage under fire condition, for fire resistance
class ≤ R60 this shear and anchorage verification is not needed.

NOTE shear-tension is not relevant due to the presence of vertical cracks due to thermal gradient.

Key
1 considered section
2 connection reinforcement
3 strand
4 cast in situ

Figure G.2 — Model for the calculation of shear and anchorage resistance (example)

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Key
1 considered section
2 connection reinforcement
3 strand
4 cast in situ

Figure G.3 — Model for the calculation of shear and anchorage resistance (example with protruding
strands)

The empirical shear equation under fire conditions is:

VRd,c,fi = [Cθ.1 + αk × Cθ.2 ]× bw × d

where

Cθ .1 is a coefficient that takes into account the concrete stress under fire conditions,

FR, a, fi, p
= 0.15 ⋅ min( k p (θ p )σ cp,20°C ; )
Ac

200
αk = 1+ ≤ 2,0 where d is in mm;
d

Cθ .2 is a coefficient that takes into account the anchored longitudinal reinforcement:

FR,a,fi
= 3 0,58 × × f c,fi,m
f yk × bw × d

σcp,20°C is the average concrete stress due to prestressing force at normal temperature;

Ac is the concrete section area;

f c,fi,m is the average strength of concrete at elevated temperature, fc,fi,m can be taken equal to the
strength of concrete for the temperature at mid height of the web;

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

fyk is the characteristic yield strength of the reinforcement

= 500 MPa;

bw is the total web thickness;

d is the effective depth at ambient temperature;

FR,a,fi is the force capacity of the prestressing- and connection reinforcement anchored in the
considered cross section:

= FR,a,fi,p + FR,a,fi,s

where

FR,a,fi,p is the force capacity of the prestressing steel anchored in the considered section

xpr × f bpd,pr,fi + x × f bpd,fi

= Ap × min ( ; 0,9 f pk kp (θp ) )
α2 φ

α2 , φ as defined in EN 1992-1-1:2004, 8.10.2.2;

x is the anchorage length of the tendon for the considered section;

xpr is the length of the protruding tendon for the considered section, see Figure G.3;

f bpd,fi is the bond strength for anchorage of the tendons in the element at elevated temperature

0,7 × f ctm × k c,t (θp.m )

= ηp2 × η1
γc,fi

f bpd,pr,fi is the bond strength for anchorage of the tendons in the cast in situ concrete (in case of
protruding strands) at elevated temperature

0,7 × f ctm,insitu × k c,t,insitu (θp.pr.m )

= ηp2 × η1
γc,fi

FR,a,fi,s is the force capacity of the connection reinforcement anchored in the considered section

= As f yk k s (θ s )

kp(θ p) is the strength reduction factor for the prestressing steel at temperature θ p, according to
EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.2.4.3;

ks(θ s) is the strength reduction factor for the ordinary reinforcement at temperature θ s, according to
EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.2.4.3;

kc,t (θp.m ) is the mean strength reduction factor for the tensile strength of the concrete along the
anchorage with a mean temperature θ p,m, according to EN 1992-1-2:2004, 3.2.2.2.

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

k c,t,insitu (θp.pr.m ) is the strength reduction factor for the tensile strength of the cast in-situ concrete at the
considered anchorage length, according to EN 1992-1-2:2004, 3.2.2.2;

η p 2 ,η1 as defined in EN 1992-1-1:2004, 8.10.2.3.

Only the reinforcement in the lower part of the element (≤ 0,5 h) shall be taken into account.

Normally the considered cross-section is the section at the face of the support.

NOTE 1 The anchorage capacity of the longitudinal reinforcement embedded at support may be calculated taking into
account the effect of concrete mass on temperature distribution by using the average temperature θm and θm.pr of the
strand along the length into consideration at support, respectively x in the precast element and xpr in the cast in situ
concrete, if relevant.

NOTE 2 If the longitudinal reinforcing steel is situated approximately at mid-height of the slab, the strength reduction
factor ks can be taken equal to 1.

G.2 Tabulated data

Hollow core slabs may be classified for fire resistance for insulation and for shear by the use of Tables G.1
and G.2 and the rules given in EN 1992-1-2:2004, Section 5, and for joints in separating structures the rules
in EN 1992-1-2:2004, 4.6. Tabulated data is not given for bending, calculation method in G.1.1 applies.

Table G.1 gives the minimum thickness (h) of the slab related to the fire resistance of insulation. Table G.2
gives tabulated values for the shear at the support. The slab thickness in Table G.1 corresponds with the
minimum floor thickness given in EN 1992-1-2:2004, Table 5.8 for solid slabs, and has been calculated
according to the following conversion equation for hollow core slabs:

te = h Ac / (b×h )

where

te is the effective thickness;

h is the actual slab thickness;

Ac is concrete area of the concrete section;

b is the width of the slab.

The minimum slab thickness given in Table G.1 is based upon a minimum concrete area of 0,4 bh.

Table G.1 — Tabulated data for minimum thickness of the slab related to fire resistance of insulation

Minimum dimensions Required fire resistance class

REI 60 REI 90 REI 120 REI 180
Slab thickness [mm] 130 160 200 250

NOTE 1 Where a concrete topping or a screed is used, the thickness of the non combustible layer may be taken into
account in the fire resistance of the floor for the separation function.

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Table G.2 — Tabulated data for shear resistance VRd,c,fi

VRd,c,fi/Vrd,c,cold (%) Slab thickness [mm]

Fire resistance 160 200 240-280 320 360-400
REI 60 70 % 65 % 60 % 60 % 55 %
REI 90 65 % 60 % 60 % 55 % 50 %
REI 120 60 % 60 % 55 % 50 % 50 %
REI 180 45 % 50 % 50 % 45 % 45 %

NOTE 2 As an example Table G.2 gives values related to the following assumptions: pre-stressed hollow core slabs
2
with strands cut at the ends of the elements, with a support length of 70 mm and a section of 1,88 cm /m of longitudinal tie
reinforcement placed at approximately mid height of the slab.

VRd,c,cold is the shear resistance given by the simplified shear tension model, and therefore Table G.2 is only
useable with the simplified expression according to 4.3.3.2.2.1. The influence of filled cores with embedded
tying reinforcement should be neglected in this shear tension model.

G.3 Fire test arrangement

G.3.1 General

This annex gives more information for the arrangement of test specimen and boundary conditions in fire test
on hollow core floors as a complement to EN 1363-1 and EN 1365-2. Previous tests, giving the same or more
safe sided results may be taken into account (see EN 13369:2004, 4.3.4.2).

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

G.3.2 Size and span

The exposed length of the test specimen shall be at least 4 m. The width shall be as large as possible to
accommodate the width of the furnace, but not less than 2,40 m. When the furnace is 4 m wide, the test
specimen could be composed of three slabs of 1,2 m. For a furnace width of 3,00 m, the specimen could
comprise 2 slabs of 1,20 m and a narrowed slab of about 0,60 m, and in case of 2,4 m width, two slabs of
1,20 m or one slab of 1,20 m and two match slabs of about 0,60 m are indicated.

The specimen shall include the floor units and their supporting beams. The connections between the beam
and the floor shall reproduce the real condition that applies in practice.

G.3.3 Support conditions

The floor specimen shall normally be tested as a simply, one way spanning structure. The floor units are
placed on supporting beams and connected to them through a reinforced transversal tie-beam. The solution
represents both hollow core floors on beams and on wall panels. The width of the tie-beam shall be
minimum 100 mm and the reinforcement according to the conditions that apply in practice. The longitudinal
connection of the floor to the transversal tie-beam shall also reflect the situation in practice.

Key
1 transversal tie-beam
2 longitudinal tie-reinforcement

Figure G.4 — Support connection in the test set-up (example)

The longitudinal tie-bars could be placed either in open casted sleeves or in the longitudinal joints between the
floor units, according to the solution applied in practice. When the longitudinal tie bars are placed in
longitudinal joints, the number of connections should be minimum 4 to reproduce the real condition that
applies in practice. Two of the connections are realised by a reinforced longitudinal tie-beam at both edges of
the test floor.

A concrete screed or reinforced structural topping may be applied. The reinforcement taken into account
should only include bars in the span direction of the slabs.

When the tests equipment allows to realise restrainment of the floor slab at the support, the fire test may be
done in accordance to the solution applied in project.

G.3.4 Longitudinal restrainment

A longitudinal restrainment shall be applied to reproduce the restrainment against expansion that applies in
practice:

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

 the longitudinal restrainment may be applied by horizontal hydraulic jacks whose controlling is ensured to
reproduce the rigidity of the parts of the structure which are not exposed to fire;

 the longitudinal restrainment may also be simulated by two steel bars placed in the span direction at both
sides of the floor. The diameter shall be chosen to reproduce the restrainment against expansion that
applies in practice. The bars should have a minimum diameter of 25 mm.

Key
1 minimum width 2,40 m
2 edge beam
3 longitudinal bar
4 transversal tie-beam
5 facultative topping

Figure G.5 — Longitudinal tie bars in sleeves Figure G.6 — Longitudinal tie-bars in joints

The bars are meant to reproduce the restrainment induced for example by the supporting structure. They are
not needed in the real structure in practice.

The complete test specimen shall be mounted to allow freedom for longitudinal movement and deflection of
the floor, including the supporting beams.

G.3.5 Transversal restrainment

Transversal restrainment may be applied to reproduce the blocking of the thermal expansion of the floor by
the surrounding structure. The test set-up shall simulate as close as possible the real conditions of the floor in
the structure, also at the floor edge.

G.3.6 Moisture content (complement to EN 1363-1:1999, 8.1)

The moisture content of the slabs should be representative for the real conditions in a structure (after a
reasonable time of exploitation), usually it does not exceed 3 mass percent or 3 % m/m.

NOTE In general, a 3 months storage in indoor conditions (≈ 20 °C, ≈ 50 % RH) can be considered as acceptable.".

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

19 Modification to J.3, Test arrangement

th
Replace the 7 paragraph with the following:

"The test element shall be a full-width slab element with a span of at least 4 m or 12 × h, whichever is bigger,
with the tolerance of ± 100 mm.

NOTE For slabs with a depth higher than 450 mm, the length may be reduced to 5 400 mm ±100 mm.".

20 Modification to J.5, Interpretation of results

Replace the definition for Ftest with the following:

"Ftest is the actual ultimate load for each individual test element. This loads takes also into account the
influence of the selfweight. In praxis, this load corresponds to the reaction force at the considered
support.".

21 Addition of a new Annex K, Thermal prestressing

Add the following new Annex K: "

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

Annex K
(normative)

Thermal prestressing

K.1 General
This annex gives additional requirements for thermal prestressing.

K.2 Material requirements

K.2.1 Prestressing steel

Prestressing bars shall comply with EN 13369:2004, 4.1.4.

K.2.2 Maximum diameter of prestressing steel

The use of prestressing bars is only allowed in case of thermal prestressing. The diameter is limited to a
maximum of 16 mm.

K.3 Production requirements

K.3.1 Placing of concrete

In addition to EN 13369:2004, 4.2.1.2, concrete shall be placed after the temperature difference between
reinforcement and bed (mould) is reduced to 20 °C.

The temperature of the reinforcement at the time of placing concrete is less then 40 °C.

K.3.2 Structural reinforcement

K.3.2.1 Processing of reinforcing steel

K.3.2.1.1 Longitudinal bars

The maximum centre to centre distance between two bars shall not exceed 3 h ≤ 400 mm, where h is the total
depth of the slab.

K.3.2.1.2 Transversal reinforcement

Thermal prestressed hollow core slabs may have transversal reinforcement in the anchorage zone.

K.3.2.2 Applying of thermal prestressing

Prestressing steel for structural purposes that is tensioned by means of heating shall remain in compliance
with EN13369:2004, 4.1.4 after cooling down.

All subclauses of EN 13369:2004, 4.2.3.2 shall apply.

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 EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

The required temperature as well as the corresponding elongation shall be documented in factory production
control documents. Tolerances on temperature and elongation shall meet the requirements of EN13369:2004,
4.2.3.2.2. In any case, the maximum temperature of the steel shall not exceed 400 °C.

K.4 Finished product requirements

K.4.1 Minimum concrete cover and axis distances of prestressing steel

For indented wires or smooth and indented strands, the minimum concrete cover cmin to the nearest concrete
surface and to the nearest edge of a core shall meet the requirements in 4.3.1.2.2.

For ribbed wires and bars, the concrete cover shall be increased by 1 Ø unless transversal reinforcement (for
instance stirrups) is present in the anchorage zone. In this case, splitting will not occur and the cover on the
structural reinforcement is at least 20 mm.

K.4.2 Mechanical resistance

The positive effect of prestressing force may only be taken into account in service limit state.

K.5 Test methods

The manufacturer shall demonstrate that the applied maximum temperature has no negative effect on the
steel properties by initial tensile testing. This test includes:

 0,1 % proof force;

 the maximum force;

 the total percentage elongation at maximum force;

 the percentage reduction of area.

The maximum temperature is considered to be acceptable if the results of all described tests on treated
members are greater than 0,95 times the average result of the untreated members. A test result is the
average value of three tests.

The test methods for the tensile test (for the determination of the 0,1% proof force, the maximum force, the
total percentage elongation at maximum force and the percentage reduction of area), shall be in accordance
with EN ISO 15630-3.

K.6 Inspection schemes

Table K.1 is complementary to A.2 and to D.3.1 and D.3.2 of EN 13369:2004, Table D.3.

Table K.1 — Process inspection

SUBJECT METHOD PURPOSE FREQUENCY

 Yearly

Conformity with standard after

23 Thermal prestressing See K.4.
heating.  When new
supplier

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EN 1168:2005/FprA3:2011 (E)

22 Modification to the Bibliography

Replace reference [2] with the following:

"[2] EN 13670:2009, Execution of concrete structures".

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