Question 1.

Solution:

Question 4.

Solution:
Question 2.

Solution:

Question 3.

Solution: Question 5.

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Solution:

Question 6. Question 8.
If a + b + c = 9 and ab + bc + ca = 23, then a2 +
b2 + c2 =
(a) 35
(b) 58
(c) 127
(d) none of these
Solution: Solution:
a + b + c = 9, ab + bc + ca = 23
Squaring,
(a + b+ c) = (9)2
a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 (ab + bc + ca) = 81
⇒ a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 x 23 = 81
⇒ a2 + b2+ c2 + 46 = 81
⇒ a2 + b2+ c2 = 81 – 46 = 35 (a)

Question 9.
(a – b)3 + (b – c)3 + (c – a)3 =
(a) (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
(d) (a -b)(b- c) (c – a)
(c) 3(a – b) (b – c) (c – a)
(d) none of these
Solution:
(a – b)3 + (b- c)3 + (c- a)3
∵a–b+b–c+c–a=0
∴ (a – b)3 + (b – c)3 + (c – a)3
= 3 (a -b)(b- c) (c – a) (c)

Question 10.

Question 7.

Solution:

Solution:

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 Question 15.

Question 11.
If a – b = -8 and ab = -12 then a3 – b3 =
(a) -244
(b) -240 Solution:
(c) -224
(d) -260
Solution:
a – b = -8, ab = -12
(a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab (a – b)
(-8)3 = a3 – b3 – 3 x (-12) (-8)
-512 = a3-b3– 288
a3 – b3 = -512 + 288 = -224 (c)

Question 12.
If the volume of a cuboid is 3x2 – 27, then its
possible dimensions are
(a) 3, x2, -27x
(b) 3, x – 3, x + 3
(c) 3, x2, 27x
(d) 3, 3, 3
Solution:
Volume = 3x2 -27 = 3(x2 – 9)
= 3(x + 3) (x – 3)
∴ Dimensions are = 3, x – 3, x + 3 (b)

Question 13.
75 x 75 + 2 x 75 x 25 + 25 x 25 is equal to
(a) 10000
(b) 6250
(c) 7500 Question 16.
(d) 3750
Solution:

Solution:

Question 14.
(x – y) (x + y)(x2 + y2) (x4 + y4) is equal to
(a) x16 – y16
(b) x8 – y8
(c) x8 + y8
(d) x16 + y16
Solution:

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Question 17.

Solution:
Question 19.
If a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca = 0, then
(a) a + b = c
(b) b + c = a
(c) c + a = b
(d) a = b = c
Solution:
a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca = 0
2 {a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – be – ca) = 0 (Multiplying by
2)
⇒ 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2– 2ab – 2bc – 2ca = 0
⇒ a2 + b2 – 2ab + b2 + c2 – 2bc + c2 + a2 – 2ca =
0
⇒ (a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2 = 0
(a – b)2 = 0, then a – b = 0
Question 18. ⇒a=b
Similarly, (b – c)2 = 0, then
b-c = 0
⇒b=c
and (c – a)2 = 0, then c-a = 0
⇒c=a
Solution: ∴a=b–c (d)

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Question 20. a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 (ab + be + ca) = 81
⇒ a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 x 23 = 81
⇒ a2 + b2 + c2 + 46 = 81
⇒ a2 + b2 + c2 = 81 – 46 = 35
Now, a3 + b3 + c3 – 3 abc = (a + b + c) [(a2 + b2 +
c2) – (ab + bc + ca)
Solution: = 9[35 -23] = 9 x 12= 108 (a)

Question 23.

Solution:

Question 21.

Solution:

Question 24.
The product (a + b) (a – b) (a2 – ab + b2) (a2 + ab
+ b2) is equal to
(a) a6 + b6
(b) a6 – b6
(c) a3 – b3
(d) a3 + b3
Solution:
(a + b) (a – b) (a2 – ab + b2) (a2 + ab +b2)
= (a + b) (a2-ab + b2) (a-b) (a2 + ab + b2)
Question 22. = (a3 + b3) (a3 – b3)
If a + b + c = 9 and ab + bc + ca = 23, then a3 + = (a3)2 – (b3)2 = a6 – b6 (b)
b3 + c3 – 3 abc =
(a) 108 Question 25.
(b) 207 The product (x2 – 1) (x4 + x2 + 1) is equal to
(c) 669 (a) x8 – 1 (b) x8 + 1
(d) 729 (c) x – 1
6
(d) x6 + 1
Solution: Solution:
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc (x2 – 1) (x4 + x2 + 1)
= (a + b + c) [a2 + b2 + c2 – (ab + bc + ca) = (x2)3 – (1)3 = x6 – 1 (c)
Now, a + b + c = 9
Squaring,
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Question 26. Question 27.

Solution:

Solution:

Question 1. Solution:
The factors of x3 – x2y -xy2 + y3 are 8a3 + b3 – 6ab + 1
(a) (x + y) (x2 -xy + y2) = (2a)3 + (b)3 + (1)3 – 3 x 2a x b x 1
(b) (x+y)(x2 + xy + y2) = (2a + b + 1) [(2a)2 + b2+1-2a x b- b x 1 – 1 x
(c) (x + y)2 (x – y) 2a]
(d) (x – y)2 (x + y) = (2a + b + 1) (4a2 + b2+1-2ab-b- 2a) (c)
Solution:
x3 – x2y – xy2 + y3 Question 4.
= x3 + y3 – x2y – xy2 (x + y)3 – (x – v)3 can be factorized as
= (x + y) (x2 -xy + y2)- xy(x + y) (a) 2y (3x2 + y2)
= (x + y) (x2 – xy + y2 – xy) (b) 2x (3x2 + y2)
= (x + y) (x2 – 2xy + y2) (c) 2y (3y2 + x2)
= (x + y) (x – y)2 (d) (d) 2x (x2 + 3y2)
Solution:
Question 2. (x + y)3 – (x – y)3
The factors of x3 – 1 +y3 + 3xy are = (x + y -x + y) [(x + y)2 + (x +y) (x -y) + (x – y)2]
(a) (x – 1 + y) (x2 + 1 + y2 + x + y – xy) = 2y(x2 + y2 + 2xy + x2-y2 + x2+y2 – 2xy)
(b) (x + y + 1) (x2 + y2 + 1- xy – x – y) = 2y(3x2 + y2) (a)
(c) (x – 1 + y) (x2 – 1 – y2 + x + y + xy)
(d) 3(x + y – 1) (x2 + y2 – 1) Question 5.
Solution: The expression (a – b)3 + (b – c)3 + (c – a)3 can
x3 – 1 + y3 + 3xy be factorized as
= (x)3 + (-1)3 + (y)3 – 3 x x x (-1) x y (a) (a -b) (b- c) (c – a)
= (x – 1 + y) (x2 + 1 + y2 + x + y – xy) (b) 3(a – b) (b – c) (c – a)
= (x- 1 + y) (x2+ 1 + y2 + x + y – xy) (a) (c) -3(a – b) (b – c) (a – a)
(d) (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
Question 3. Solution:
The factors of 8a3 + b3 – 6ab + 1 are (a – b)3 + (b – c)3 + (c – a)3
(a) (2a + b – 1) (4a2 + b2 + 1 – 3ab – 2a) Let a – b = x, b – a = y, c – a = z
(b) (2a – b + 1) (4a2 + b2 – 4ab + 1 – 2a + b) ∴ x3 + y3 + z3
(c) (2a + b+1) (4a2 + b2 + 1 – 2ab – b – 2a) x+y + z = a- b + b- c + c – a = 0
(d) (2a – 1 + b)(4a2 + 1 – 4a – b – 2ab) ∴ x3 +y3 + z3 = 3xyz

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(a – b)3 + (b – a)3 + (c – a)3 Solution:
= 3 (a – b) (b – c) (c – a) (b) a2 – 1- 2x – x2
⇒ a2 – (1 + 2x + x2)
Question 6. = (a)2 – (1 + x)2
The value of = (a + 1 + x) (a – 1 – x) (c)

Question 9.
The factors of x4 + x2 + 25 are
is (a) (x2 + 3x + 5) (x2 – 3x + 5)
A. 2 (b) (x2 + 3x + 5) (x2 + 3x – 5)
B. 3 (c) (x2 + x + 5) (x2 – x + 5)
C. 2.327 (d) none of these
D. 2.273 Solution:
Solution: x4 + x2 + 25 = x4 + 25 +x2
We have, = (x2)2 + (5)2 + 2 x x2 x 5- 9x2
= (x2 + 5)2 – (3x)2
= (x2 + 5 + 3x) (x2 + 5 – 3x)
= = (x2 + 3x + 5) (x2 – 3x + 5) (a)

Question 10.
= The factors of x2 + 4y2 + 4y – 4xy – 2x – 8 are
(a) (x – 2y – 4) (x – 2y + 2)
(b) (x – y + 2) (x – 4y – 4)
[ (c) (x + 2y – 4) (x + 2y + 2)
Hence, (d) none of these
Solution:
= x2 + 4y2 + 4y – 4xy – 2x – 8
= ( 2.3 – 0.3 ) = 2 . ⇒ x2 + 4y + 4y – 4xy – 2x – 8
= (x)2 + (2y)2– 2 x x x 2y + 4y-2x-8
Question 7. = (x – 2y)2 – (2x – 4y) – 8
The value of = (x – 2y)2 – 2 (x – 2y) – 8
Let x – 2y = a, then
a2– 2a – 8 = a2– 4a + 2a – 8
= a(a – 4) + 2(a – 4)
is = (a-4) (a + 2)
A. 0.006 = (x2 -2y-4) (x2 -2y + 2) (a)
B. 0.02
C. 0.0091 Question 11.
D. 0.00185 The factors of x3 – 7x + 6 are
Solution: (a) x(x – 6) (x – 1)
We have, (b) (x2 – 6) (x – 1)
(c) (x + 1) (x + 2) (x – 3)
(d) (x – 1) (x + 3) (x – 2)
= Solution:
x3 -7x + 6= x3-1-7x + 7
= (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1) – 7(x – 1)
[
= (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1 – 7)
= (x – 1) (x2 + x – 6)
Hence,
= (x – 1) [x2 + 3x – 2x – 6]
= (x – 1) [x(x + 3) – 2(x + 3)]
= = (x – 1) (x+ 3) (x – 2) (d)
= 0.013 + 0.007 = 0.020
Question 12.
Question 8. The expression x4 + 4 can be factorized as
The factors of a2 – 1 – 2x – x2 are (a) (x2 + 2x + 2) (x2 – 2x + 2)
(a) (a – x + 1) (a – x – 1) (b) (x2 + 2x + 2) (x2 + 2x – 2)
(b) (a + x – 1) (a – x + 1) (c) (x2 – 2x – 2) (x2 – 2x + 2)
(c) (a + x + 1) (a – x – 1) (d) (x2 + 2) (x2 – 2)
(d) none of these
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Solution: Question 14.
x4 + 4 = x4 + 4 + 4x2 – 4x2 If (x + y)3 – (x – y)3 – 6y(x2 – y2) = ky2, then
(Adding and subtracting 4x2) k=
= (x2)2 + (2)2 + 2 x x2 x 2 – (2x)2 (a) 1
= (x2 + 2)2 – (2x)2 (b) 2
= (x2 + 2 + 2x) (x2 + 2 – 2x) (c) 4
{∵ a2 – b2 = (a + b) (a – b)} (d) 8
= (x2 + 2x + 2) (x2 – 2x + 2) (a) Solution:
(x + y)3 – (x – y)3 – 6y(x2 – y2) = ky2
Question 13. LHS = (x + y)3 – (x – y)3 – 3 x (x + y) (x – y)
If 3x = a + b + c, then the value of (x – a)3 + [x + y – x + y]
(x – bf + (x – cf – 3(x – a) (x – b) (x – c) is = (x+y-x + y)3 {∵ a3 – b3 – 3ab (a – b) =
(a) a + b + c a – b } = (2y) = 8y3
3 3 3

(b) (a – b) {b – c) (c – a) Comparing with ky3, k = 8 (d)

(c) 0
(d) none of these Question 15.
Solution: If x3 – 3x2 + 3x – 7 = (x + 1) (ax2 + bx + c), then
3x = a + b + c a+b+c=
⇒ 3x-a-b-c = 0 (a) 4
Now, (x – a)3+ (x – b)3 + (x – c)3 – 3(x – a) (b) 12
(x -b) (x – c) (c) -10
= {(x – a) + (x – b) + (x – c)} {(x – a)2 + (x – b)2 + (d) 3
(x – c)2 – (x – a) (x – b) (x – b) (x – c) – (x – c) Solution:
(x – a)} x3 – 3x2 + 3x + 7 = (x + 1) (ax2 + bx + c)
= (x – a + x – b + x – c) {(x – a)2 + (x – b)2 + = ax3 + bx2 + cx + ax2 + bx + c
(x – c)2 – (x – a) (x – b) – (x – b) (x – c) – (x – c) x3 – 3x2 + 3x – 7 = ax3 + (b + a)2 + (c + b)x + c
(x – a)} Comparing the coefficient,
= (3x – a – b -c) {(x – a)2 + (x -b)2+ (x – c)2 – a=1
(x – a) (x – b) – (x – b) (x – c) – (x – c) (x – a)} b + a = -3 ⇒ b+1=-3 ⇒ b = -3-1=-4
But 3x-a-b-c = 0, then c + b = 3 ⇒ c- 4 = 3 ⇒ c = 3 + 4 = 7
= 0 x {(x – a)2 + (x – b)2 + (x – c)2 – (x – a) (x – b) a + b + c = 1- 4 + 7 = 8- 4 = 4 (a)
– (x – b) (x – c) – (x – c) (x – a)}
=0 (c)

Question 1. Solution:
If x – 2 is a factor of x2 + 3 ax – 2a, then a = f(x) – x3 + 6x2 + 4x + k is divisible by x + 2
(a) 2 (b) -2 ∴ Remainder = 0
(c) 1 (d) -1 Let x + 2 = 0, then x = -2
Solution: ∴ f(-2) = (-2)3 + 6(-2)2 + 4(-2) + k
∴ x – 2 is a factor of = -8 + 24-8 + k = 8 + k
f(x) = x2 + 3 ax – 2a ∴ x + 2 is a factor
∴ Remainder = 0 ∴ Remainder = 0 .
Let x – 2 = 0, then x = 2 ⇒ 8 + k= 0 ⇒ k = -8
Now f(2) = (2)2 + 3a x 2 – 2a k = -8 (c)
= 4 + 6a – 2a = 4 + 4a
∴ Remainder = 0 Question 3.
∴ 4 + 4a = 0 ⇒ 4a = -4 If x – a is a factor of x3 – 3x2 a + 2a2x + b, then
⇒ a = −4/4 = -1 the value of b is
∴ a= -1 (d) (a) 0
(b) 2
Question 2. (c) 1
If x3 + 6x2 + 4x + k is exactly divisible by x + 2, (d) 3
then k = Solution:
(a) -6 (b) -7 ∴ x – a is a factor of x3 – 3x2 a + 2a2x + b
(c) -8 (d) -10 Let f(x) = x3 – 3x2 a + 2a2x+ b
and x – a = 0, then x = a

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f(a) = a3 – 3a2.a + 2a2.a + b Question 7.
= a3 – 3a3 + 2a3 + b = b If x51 + 51 is divided by x + 1, the remainder is
∵ x – a is a factor of f(x) (a) 0
∴ b=0 (a) (b) 1
(c) 49
Question 4. (d) 50
If x140 + 2x151 + k is divisible by x + 1, then the Solution:
value of k is Letf(x) = x51 + 51 is divisible by x + 1
(a) 1 Let x+1=0, then x = -1
(b) -3 ∴ f(-1) = (-1)51 + 51 =-1+51 (∵ power 51 is an
(c) 2 odd integer)
(d) -2 = 50 (d)
Solution:
∴ x + 1 is a factor of f(x) = x140 + 2x151 + k Question 8.
∴ Remainder will be zero If x+ 1 is a factor of the polynomial 2x2 + kx,
Let x + 1 = 0, then x = -1 then k =
∴ f(-1) = (-1)140 + 2(-1)151 + k (a) -2
= 1 + 2 x (-1) + k {∵ 140 is even and 151 is (b) -3
odd} (c) 4
=1-2+k=k-1 (d) 2
∵ Remainder = 0 Solution:
∴ k – 1=0 ⇒ k=1 (a) ∴ x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 2x2 + kx
Let x+1=0, then x = -1
Question 5. Now f(x) = 2x2 + kx
If x + 2 is a factor of x2 + mx + 14, then m = ∴ Remainder =f(-1) = 0
(a) 7 = 2(-1)2 + k(-1)
(b) 2 = 2 x 1 + k x (-1) = 2 – k
(c) 9 ∴ x + 1 is a factor of f(x)
(d) 14 ∴ Remainder = 0
Solution: ∴2–k=0⇒ k=2 (d)
x + 2 is a factor of(x) = x2 + mx + 14
Let x + 2 = 0, then x = -2 Question 9.
f(-2) = (-2)2 + m{-2) + 14 If x + a is a factor of x4 – a2x2 + 3x – 6a, then a
= 4 – 2m + 14 = 18 – 2m =
∴ x + 2 is a factor of f(x) (a) 0
∴ Remainder = 0 (b) -1
⇒ 18 – 2m = 0 (c) 1
2m = 18 ⇒ m = 18/2 = 9 (c) (d) 2

Question 6. Solution:
If x – 3 is a factor of x2 – ax – 15, then a = x + a is a factor o f(x) = x4– a2x2 + 3x – 6a
(a) -2 Let x + a = 0, then x = -a
(b) 5 Now, f(-a) – (-a)4 -a2(-a)2 + 3 (-a) – 6a
(c) -5 = a4-a4-3a-6a = -9a
(d) 3 ∴ x + a is a factor of f(x)
Solution: ∴Remainder = 0
x – 3 is a factor of(x) = x2 – ax – 15 ∴ -9a = 0 ⇒ a = 0 (a)
Let x – 3 = 0, then x = 3
∴ f(3) = (3)2 – a(3) – 15 Question 10.
= 9 -3a- 15 The value of k for which x – 1 is a factor of
= -6 -3a 4x3 + 3x2 – 4x + k, is
∴ x – 3 is a factor (a) 3
∴ Remainder = 0 (b) 1
-6 – 3a = 0 ⇒ 3a = -6 (c) -2
∴ a = −6/3 = -2 (a) (d) -3
Solution:
x- 1 is a factor of f(x) = 4x3 + 3x2 – 4x + k
Let x – 1 = 0, then x = 1
f(1) = 4(1 )3 + 3(1)2 – 4 x 1 + k
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= 4+3-4+k=3+k Remainder = x – 6
∴ x- 1 is a factor of f(x) Let p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + ax – b – (x – 6) or x3 – 2x2 +
∴ Remainder = 0 x(a – 1) – b + 6 is divisible by x2 – 2x+ 3 exactly
∴ 3 + k = 0 ⇒ k = -3 (d) Now, x2-2x-3 = x2-3x + x- 3
= x(x – 3) + 1(x – 3)
Question 11. = (x – 3) (x + 1)
If x+2 and x-1 are the factors of x3+ 10x2 + mx ∴ x – 3 and x + 1 are the factors of p(x)
+ n, then the values of m and n are Let x – 3 = 0, then x = 3
respectively ∴ p(3) = (3)3 – 2(3)2 + (a-1)x3-b + 6
(a) 5 and-3 (b) 17 and-8 = 27-18 + 3a-3-b + 6
(c) 7 and-18 (d) 23 and -19 = 33-21+3 a-b
Solution: = 12 + 3 a-b
x+ 2 and x – 1 are the factors of ∴ x – 3 is a factor
f(x) = x3 + 10x2 + mx + n ∴ 12 + 3a-b = 0 ⇒ 3a-b = -12 …(i)
Let x + 2 = 0, then x = -2 Again let x + 1 = 0, then x = -1
∴ f(-2) = (-2)3 + 10(-2)2 + m(-2) + n ∴p(-1) = (-1)3 – 2(-l)2 + (a – 1) X (-1) – b + 6
= -8 + 40 – 2m + n = 32 – 2m + n = -1-2 + 1 – a – 6 + 6
∴ x + 2 is a factor of f(x) = 4 – a- b
∴ Remainder = 0 ∴ x + 1 is a factor
∴ 32 – 2m + n = 0 ⇒ 2m – n = 32 …(i) 4-a-b = 0 ⇒ a + b = 4 …(ii)
Again x – 1 is a factor of f(x) Adding (i) and (ii),
Let x-1=0, then x= 1 4 a = -12 + 4 = -8 ⇒ a = −84 = -2
∴ f(1) = (1)3 + 10(1)2 + m x 1 +n From (ii),
= 1 + 10+ m + n =m + n+11 and -2 + 6 = 4⇒ 6 = 4 + 2 = 6
∴ x- 1 is a factor of f(x) ∴ a = -2, h = 6 (b)
∴ m + n+ 11=0 ⇒ m+n =-11 …(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), Question 14.
3m = 32 – 11 = 21 One factor of x4 + x2 – 20 is x2 + 5, the other is
⇒ m = 21/3 = 7 (a) x2 – 4
and n = -11 – m = m = 7, n = -18 (b) x – 4
∴ m= 7, n = -18 (c) (c) x2-5
(d) x + 4
Question 12. Solution:
Let f(x) be a polynomial such that f( −1/2 )=
0, then a factor of f(x) is
(a) 2x – 1
(b) 2x + b
(c) x- 1
(d) x + 1
Solution:

Question 15.
If (x – 1) is a factor of polynomial fix) but not
Question 13. of g(x), then it must be a factor of
When x3 – 2x2 + ax – b is divided by x2 – 2x-3, (a) f(x) g(x) (b) -f(x) + g(x)
the remainder is x – 6. The value of a and b (c) f(x) – g(x) (d) {f(x) + g(x)}g(x)
are respectively. Solution:
(a) -2, -6 (b) 2 and -6 ∴ (x – 1) is a factor of a polynomial f(x)
(c) -2 and 6 (d) 2 and 6 But not of a polynomial g(x)
Solution: ∴ (x – 1) will be the factor of the product of f(x)
Let f(x) = x3 – 2x2 + ax – b and g(x) (a)
and Dividing f(x) by x2 – 2x + 3
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Question 16. Question 19.
(x + 1) is a factor of xn + 1 only if If both x – 2 and x – 1/2 are factors of px2 +
(a) n is an odd integer 5x + r, then
(b) n is an even integer (a) p = r (b) p + r = 0
(c) n is a negative integer (c) 2p + r = 0 (d) p + 2r = 0
(d) n is a positive integer Solution:
Solution:
∴ (x + 1) is a factor of xn+ 1
Let x + 1 = 0, then x = -1
∴ f(x) = xn + 1
and f(-1) = (-1)n + 1
But (-1)n is positive if n is an even integer and
negative if n is an odd integer and (-1)n +1=0 {∵
x + 1 is a factor of(x)}
(-1)n must be negative
∴ n is an odd integer (a)

Question 17.
If x2 + x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 3x3 +
8x2 + 8x + 3 + 5k, then the value of k is
(a) 0 (b) 2/5
(c) 5/2 (d) -1
Solution:
x2 + x + 1 is a factor of
f(x) = 3x3 + 8x2 + 8x + 3 + 5k
Now dividing by x2 + x + 1, we get

Question 20.
If x2 – 1 is a factor of ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e,
then
Question 18. (a) a + c + e- b + d
If (3x – 1)7 = a7x7 + a6x6 + a5x5 + … + a1x + a0, (b)a + b + e = c + d
then a7 + a6 + a5 + … + a1 + a0 = (c)a + b + c = d+ e
(a) 0 (b) 1 (d)b + c + d= a + e
(c) 128 (d) 64 Solution:
Solution: X2 – 1 is a factor of ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e
f(x) = [3(1) – 1]7 = a7x7 + a6x6 + a5x5 + … + a1x + ⇒ (x + 1), (x – 1) are the factors of ax4 + bx3 +
a0 cx2 + dx + e
Let x = 1, then Let f(x) = ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e
f(1) = (3x- 1)7 = a7(1)7 + a6(1)6 + a5(1)5 + … + a1 x and x + 1 = 0 then x = -1
1 + a0 ∴ f(-1) = a(-1)4 + b(-1)3 + c(-1)2 + d(-1) + e
⇒ (3 – 1)7 = a7 x 1 + a6 x 1+ a5 x 1 + … + a1x 1 = a- b + c- d+ e
+a0 ∴ x + 1 is a factor of f(x)
⇒ (2)7 = a7 + a6 + a5 + … + a1 +a0 ∴ a-b + c- d+e = 0
∴ a7 + a6 + a5 + … + a1 + a0= 128 (c) ⇒a+c+e=b+d (a)

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