GETTING TO KNOW THE

DIFFERENT AREAS OF
breed of writers seems to excel in
the skillful handling of techniques
PHILIPPINE ARTS AND and in coming out with original
SOME FAMOUS ARTISTS forms. Short romantic fiction is
BEHIND THEM very popular among readers.
(LITERATURE) ESSAYS
COR 012 (SAS 14)
KAAGAPAY SWUDENTS CIRCLE ○ filipino essays address societal
issues. They are freer and daring,
manifesting a more liberated
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE atmosphere, however pointing out
moral degradation, indicating
injustice, suggesting alternatives,
● is literature associated with the Philippines and directing thought.
from prehistory, through its colonial
legacies,and on to the present. NOVEL
● Pre-Hispanic Philippine literatures were ○ has grown lesser popularity. Many
epics passed on from generation to of our writers have turned to the
generation, originally through an oral more remunerative and shorter
tradition. However, wealthy families, literary forms than the longer novels
especially in Mindanao, were able to keep which are indicative of more
transcribed copies of these epics as family practical considerations.
heirloom.

LITERATURE RENOWNED FILIPINOS

IN THE FIELD OF LITERATURE
● derived from the Latin term litera which
means letter.
1. Francisco dela Cruz Balagtas or
● any printed matter written within a book, a
Francisco Balagtas
magazine or a pamphlet.
○ the father of Philippine Literature.
● a faithful reproduction of man’s manifold
○ a prominent Filipino poet and is
experiences blended into one harmonious
widely considered as the Tagalog
expression.
equivalent of William Shakespeare
for his impact on Filipino literature.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ○ he was nicknamed Kiko.
○ he wrote the famous epic, Florante
THE CONTEMPORARY at Laura, is regarded as his defining
work.
FORMS OF ○ Balagtas is so greatly revered in the
Philippines that the term for Filipino
LITERATURE IN THE PHILIPPINES
debate in extemporaneous verse is
named for him: Balagtasan.
● POETRY
○ from the highly passionate and 2. Francisco Sionil José
lyrical forms of poetry in the early ○ one of the most widely read Filipino
50’s, contemporary poetry manifests Writers in the English Language.
a skillful manipulation of symbolic ○ his novels and short stories depict
representations and is more the social underpinnings of class
insightful and abstract. struggles and colonialism in Filipino
society.
● SHORT STORY ○ born in Rosales, Pangasinan.
○ this is still the more popular venue ○ awarded National Artist for Literature
of writers up to this period. The new in 2001.
 ● durable objects are made from high-quality
materials and are well-constructed, so they
can last for many years.

UTILITY
3. Jose Garcia Villa ● it should be useful; and function well for the
○ National Artist in Literature, 1973 people using it.
○ A man with incredible talent as a ● this refers to the usefulness of an object.
poet and writer. ● useful objects are designed to meet specific
○ Introduced the reversed consonance needs or purposes.
rime scheme in poetry.
○ Used Doveglion (dove, eagle and
lion) as a pen name. BEAUTY
○ E.E. Cummings wrote a poem for
him, titled “Doveglion, Adventures in
● it should delight people, and raise their
Value”.
spirits.
● this refers to the aesthetic appeal of an
4. Amado V. Hernandez
object. Beautiful objects are pleasing to the
○ National Artist for Literature, 1973
eye and can evoke positive emotions.
○ Believed that the function of the
● beauty is often subjective, and what one
writer is “to act as the conscience of
person finds beautiful may not be the same
society and to affirm the greatness
as what another person finds beautiful.
of the human spirit in the face of
inequity and oppression”.
RENOWNED FILIPINOS
IN THE FIELD OF
GETTING TO KNOW THE
DIFFERENT AREAS OF ARCHITECTURE AND
PHILIPPINE ARTS AND
SOME FAMOUS ARTISTS DESIGN
BEHIND THEM
(ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN 1. Leandro Locsin (1928-1994)
AND ALLIED ARTS) ○ architect, interior designer, artist and
COR 012 (SAS 15) classically trained pianist.
KAAGAPAY SWUDENTS CIRCLE ○ contribution to Filipino architecture is
the Cultural Center of the
Philippines, a collection of five
buildings that demonstrate the
ARCHITECTURE architect’s drive to find a vernacular
form of modernist architecture.
● it is the art of “designing structures”. ○ known for his ability to make this
● a good building should satisfy the principles most monolithic of materials appear
of “firmitatis utilitatis venustatis” weightless, and to elegantly combine
Western brutalism with vernacular
elements.
DURABILITY
● it should stand up robustly and remain in 2. Juan Nakpil (1899-1986)
good condition. ○ committed to the belief that
● this refers to the ability of an object to architecture built in the Philippines
withstand wear and tear over time. should reflect its culture and people.
○ worked on the restoration of the
home of national heroes Jose Rizal.
 ○ he was named a National Artist for
Architecture in 1973. THE GOALS BEHIND THE
3. Ildefonso Santos AWARD
○ father of the Philippine Landscape
Architecture ● to recognize Filipino artists who have made
○ earliest successful projects was the significant contributions to the cultural
Makati Commercial Center, an heritage of the country.
outdoor shopping mall in which the ● to give due honor to Filipino artistic
shop fronts and walkways were accomplishment at its highest level and
interspersed with garden trails, creative expression as significant to the
fountains and public artworks. development of a national cultural identity,
○ became National Artist for and also to individuals who have dedicated
Architecture in 2006. their lives to their works to forge new paths
and directions for future generations of
Filipino artists

HOW TO BE A NATIONAL
IDENTIFYING THE CRITERIA
OF THE NATIONAL ARTIST
COMMISSION FOR
CULTURE AND THE ARTS I ● Two most important criteria for candidates
SELECTING PHILIPPINE of the National Artist Award:
NATIONAL ARTIST 1. Artists who have distinguished
themselves by pioneering in a mode
COR 012 (SAS 16) of creative expression or style, thus
KAAGAPAY SWUDENTS CIRCLE
making an impact on succeeding
generations of artists; and
PAMBANSANG ALAGAD 2. Artists who have created a
substantial and significant body of
NG SINING AWARD works and/or consistently displayed
excellence in the practice of their art
● The Order of National Artists (Orden ng form thus enriching artistic
Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is the expression or style.
highest national recognition.
● given to Filipino individuals who have made
significant contributions to the development PROCESSES INVOLVED
of Philippine arts, namely: Music, Dance,
Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film, IN NAMING A NATIONAL
Broadcast Arts, and Architecture and Allied
Arts. ARTIST
● The order is jointly administered by the
National Commission for Culture and the 1. Nomination (based on the criteria)
Arts (NCAA) and the Cultural Center of the ● government and non-government
Philippines (CCP) and conferred by the cultural organization and educational
President of the Philippines upon institutions, as well as private
recommendation by both institutions. foundations and councils, except
● The award was established under agencies attached to the NCCA and
Proclamation 1001, dated April 27, 1972, CCP can file a nomination.
and signed by the former President ● NCCA and CCP board members
Ferdinand Marcos. and consultants and NCCA and
CCP officers and staff, and NCCA
committee members are
automatically disqualified from
being nominated.
 Award organized by the Rotary Club of
2. Submission of Nomination Forms MakatiAyala.
● Nominations are forwarded to the
National Artist Secretariat that is
created by the National Artist Award MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
Committee
DEFINED
3. First Deliberation
● This is composed of experts from ● As envisioned under R.A. 7355, “Manlilikha
different art fields. The group will ng Bayan” shall mean a citizen engaged in
come up with the short list of any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose
nominees after the deliberation. distinctive skills have reached such a high
level of technical and artistic excellence and
4. Second Deliberation have been passed on to and widely
● This is a joint meeting of the practiced by the present generation in
commissioners of the NCCA and the is/her community with the same degree of
board of trustees of the CCP to technical and artistic competence.
decide on the final list.

5. Submission of the List to the President GUIDELINES ON HOW

of the Philippines.
ONE CAN BECOME
6. President confers the Honors MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
To become a “Manlilikha ng Bayan”, the candidate
must possess the following qualifications:
a. He/she is an inhabitant of an
indigenous/traditional cultural community
anywhere in the Philippines that has
preserved indigenous customs, beliefs,
UNDERSTANDING THE rituals and traditions and/or has syncretized
SIGNIFICANT ROLES OF whatever external elements that have
THE GAWAD SA influenced it.
MALILIKANG BAYAN b. He/she must have engaged in a folk-art
AWARDEES IN THE tradition that has been in existence and
PHILIPPINES documented for at least fifty (50) years.
c. He/she must have consistently performed
COR 012 (SAS 17) or produced over a significant period, works
KAAGAPAY SWUDENTS CIRCLE
of superior and distinctive quality.

GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA d. He/she must possess a mastery of tools

and materials needed by the art and must
NG BAYAN have an established reputation in the art as
master and maker of works of extraordinary
● In April 1992, the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng technical quality.
Bayan or the National Living Treasures
Award was institutionalized through e. He/she must have passed on and/or will
Republic Act No. 7355. pass on to other members of the community
● Tasked with the administration and their skills in the folk art for which the
implementation of the Award is the National community is traditionally known.
Commission for Culture and the Arts
(NCCA). A traditional artist who possesses all the qualities of
● The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan has its a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate, but due to age or
roots in the 1988 National Folk Artists infirmity has left him/her incapable of teaching
further his/her craft, may still be recognized if:
 Award was institutionalized through
a. He/she had created a significant body of Republic Act No. 7355. Tasked with the
works and/or has consistently displayed administration and implementation of the
excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus Award is the National Commission for
achieving important contributions for its Culture and the Arts (NCCA), the highest
development. policy making and coordinating body for
b. He/she has been instrumental in the culture and the arts of the State.
revitalization of his/her community’s artistic
tradition. ● The NCCA, through the Gawad sa
c. He/she has passed on to the other Manlilikha ng Bayan Committee and an Ad
members of the community skills in the folk Hoc Panel of Experts, conducts the search
art for which the community is traditionally for the finest traditional artists of the land,
known. adopts a program that will ensure the
d. His/her community has recognized transfer of their skills to others and
him/her as master and teacher of his/her undertakes measures to promote a genuine
craft. appreciation of and instill pride among our
people about the genius of the Manlilikha ng
Bayan.
MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
DEFINED
A Manlilikha ng Bayan awardee receives.
GAWAD SA
● a specially designed gold medallion
● an initial grant of P100,000 and
MANLILIKHANG BAYAN
● P10,000 monthly stipend for life. AWARDEES OF 1993
In consonance with the provision of Republic Act
No. 7355, which states that “the monetary grant GINAW BILOG (+ 2003) - Poet
may be increased whenever circumstances so
warrant,” the NCCA board approved an additional: ● He is Hanunoo Mangyan from Mansalay,
Mindoro
● monthly personal allowance of P14,000 for ● Already steeped in the wisdom that the
the awardees ambahan is a key to the understanding of
● a maximum cumulative amount of P750,000 the Mangyan soul, Ginaw took it upon
medical and hospitalization benefits himself to continually keep scores of
annually similar to that received by the ambahan poetry recorded, not only on
National Artists and bamboo tubes but on old, dog-eared
● funeral assistance/tribute fit for a National notebooks passed on to him by friends.
Living Treasure ● Ambahan is a traditional form of poetry by
the Hanunoo Mangyan people of Mindoro
● Ginaw shared old and new ambahans with
his fellow Mangyans and promotes this
GETTING TO KNOW poetic form on every occasion.
PHILIPPINE’S GAWAD SA
MANLILIKHANG BAYAN
AWARDEES OF 1993 & 1998 MASINO INTARAY (+2013) – Musician and
Storyteller
COR 012 (SAS 18)
KAAGAPAY SWUDENTS CIRCLE
● A gifted poet, bard artist, and musician who
was born near the head of the river in
OVERVIEW Makagwa valley on the foothill of
Mantalingayan Mountain in Palawan.
● An outstanding master of the basal, kulilal
● In April 1992, the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng and bagit
Bayan or the National Living Treasures ● Basal - or gong music ensemble
 ● Kulilal - is a highly lyrical poem expressing ● She is a T’boli from Lake Sebu, South
passionate love sang with the Cotabato
accompaniment of the “kusyapi” (two- ● She is a traditional weaver of the tnalak or
stringed lute), played by a man, and Tboli cloth.
“pagang” (bamboo zither), played by a ● Tnalak is a tedious process that begins with
woman. stripping the stem of the abaca plant to get
● Bagit - is strictly instrumental music the fibers, to coaxing even finer fibers for
depicting the rhythms, movements and the textile, then drying the threads and tying
sounds of nature, birds, monkeys, snakes, each strand by hand.
chirping of insects, rustling of leaves, the ● Lang Dulay knows a hundred designs,
elements and the like. including the bulinglangit (clouds), the
● He has the creative memory, endurance, bankiring (hair bangs), and the kabangi
clarity of intellect and spiritual purpose that (butterfly), each one special for the stories it
enable him to chant all through the night, for tells.
successive nights, countless tultul (epics), ● Her textiles reflect the wisdom and the
sudsungit (narratives), and tuturan (myths of visions of her people.
origin and teachings of ancestors) ● Upon learning that she was being
considered to be one of the Gawad sa
SAMAON SULAIMAN (+2011) – Musician Manlilikhang Bayan awardees, tears of joy
fell from her eyes. She thought of the school
● He is from Mama sa Pano, Maguindanao that she wanted to build, a school where the
● He has achieved the highest level of women of her community could go to
excellence in the art of kutyapi playing. perfect their art.
● Kutyapi or Kudyapi is a two-stringed
instrument, fretted boat-lute.
● The Magindanao kutyapi is one of the most SALINTA MONON – (+2009) - Textile Weaver
technically demanding and difficult to
master among Filipino traditional ● She is a Tagabawa Bagobo from Bansalan,
instruments, which is one reason why the Davao del Sur.
younger generation is not too keen to learn ● She and her sister are the only remaining
it. Bagobo weavers in her community.
● At 35 he became the most acclaimed ● She started weaving at 12 and at the age of
kutyapi master and teacher of his 65 she can identify the design as well as the
instrument in Libutan and other barangays author of a woven piece just by a glance.
of Maganoy town. ● All her life she has woven continuously,
● He has influenced other acknowledged through her marriage and six pregnancies,
experts in kutyapi in the area, such as and even after her husband’s death.
Esmael Ahmad, Bitul Sulaiman, Nguda ● Salinta has built a solid reputation for the
Latip, Ali Ahmad and Tukal Nanalon quality of her work and the intricacies of her
designs.
● Of the many designs she weaves, her
favorite is the binuwaya (crocodile), which
is one of the hardest to make.

“It’s going to happen because I’m

GAWAD SA going to MAKE IT HAPPEN”
- Taylor Swift
MANLILIKHANG BAYAN
AWARDEES OF 1998
LANG DULAY (+2015) - Textile Weaver