NAME……………………………………………………….. INDEX NO……………………...........
231/2 CANDIDATE’S SIGN………….……
BIOLOGY
PAPER 2 DATE……….………………………...
(THEORY)
JULY/AUGUST, 2015
TIME: 2 HOURS
CENTRAL KENYA NATIONAL SCHOOLS JOINT MOCK - 2015
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
(THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Write your name, index number in the spaces provided above.
Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
This paper consists of Two Sections; A and B.
Answer all the questions in Section A in the spaces provided.
In Section B answer question 6 (Compulsory) and either question 7 or 8
in the space provided after question 8.
Check to ascertain that all questions are printed as indicated.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:
Section Question Maximum Candidate’s
Score Score
1 8
2 8
A 3 8
4 8
5 8
B 6 20
7 20
8 20
Total Score 80
Biology Paper 2 Turnover
SECTION A: (40 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided:
1. Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease due to a recessive gene which changes
normal haemoglobin (Hb – A) to abnormal haemoglobin (Hb – S). The red blood
cells of people with sickle cell anaemia are sickle shaped.
(a) What are the possible phenotypes of the offsprings of a man who is heterozygous
and a woman who is also heterozygous? Show your working. (5 marks)
(b) Sickle cell trait is more prevalent in tropical countries than in temperate
countries. Give an explanation for this observation. (3 marks)
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2. Three tubes each containing 1ml saliva and 1ml water were incubated in water baths
at different temperatures as shown in the diagram below for 30 minutes. Another
one tube containing 1ml starch solution was incubated for the same length of time
in each water bath. The contents of the two tubes in each water bath was then
mixed and incubated for further 30 minutes. The content of each tube was then
tested for starch using iodine solution.
Biology Paper 2 2 Cekenas Joint Mock
(a) What was the aim of the experiment? (1 mark)
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(b) Why was it necessary to incubate the tubes for 30 minutes before mixing their
contents? (1 mark)
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(c) State the colour changes you would expect to observe after adding iodine
solution. (3 marks)
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(d) Account for the expected observations. (3 marks)
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3. Below is a diagram of a sperm cell.
Biology Paper 2 3 Cekenas Joint Mock
(a) Identify parts labeled X and Y. (2 marks)
X _______________________________________________________________
Y _______________________________________________________________
(b) Explain how parts W and Z adapt the cell to its function. (4 marks)
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(c) Using letter P identify or label on the diagram the part of the cell rich in DNA.
(1 mark)
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(d) State the function of part X. (1 mark)
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4. The figure shown below represents a kidney nephron. Use it to answer the questions
that follow.
Biology Paper 2 4 Cekenas Joint Mock
(a) (i) X is made up of a tuft of capillaries. How do they differ from other
capillaries in the body? (1 mark)
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(ii) What structural difference exist between W and Z? (1 mark)
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(iii) State the significance of the difference stated in (a) (ii) above. (1 mark)
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(b) State three adaptations that enable P to perform its function. (3 marks)
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(c) What is counter flow and in which part of the nephron does it occur. (2 marks)
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Biology Paper 2 5 Cekenas Joint Mock
5. The diagrams below represent a set up to investigate the conditions necessary for seed
germination.
Soaked Soaked Unsoaked
seeds seeds seeds
Moist Moist Dry
cotton wool cotton wool cotton wool
At room At OC At room
temperature temperature
e e
The set was left for 7 days.
(a) What conditions were being investigated in the experiment? (2 marks)
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(b) State three reasons for soaking seeds in set ups A and B. (3 marks)
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(c) What were the expected results after seven days? (3 marks)
Step A ___________________________________________________________
Step B ___________________________________________________________
Step C ___________________________________________________________
Biology Paper 2 6 Cekenas Joint Mock
SECTION B: (40 MARKS)
Answer question 6 (Compulsory) and either question 7 or 8 in the spaces provided
after question 8.
6. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of hormones on growth of
lateral buds of three pea plants.
The shoots were treated as follows.
(a) Shoot A – Apical bud was removed.
(b) Shoot B – Apical bud was removed and gibberellic acid placed on the cut shoot.
(c) Shoot C – Apical bud was left intact.
The lengths of the branches developing from the lateral buds were determined at
regular intervals. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
Time in days Length of branches in millimeters
Shoot A Shoot B Shoot C
0 3 3 3
2 10 12 3
4 28 48 8
6 50 90 14
8 80 120 20
10 118 152 26
(i) Using the same axes, draw graphs to show the lengths of branches against time.
(8 marks)
Biology Paper 2 7 Cekenas Joint Mock
Biology Paper 2 8 Cekenas Joint Mock
(ii) (a) What was the length of the branch in Shoot B on the 7th day? (1 mark)
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(b) What would be the expected length of the branch developing from
Shoot B on the 11th day?
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(iii) Account for the results obtained in the experiment. (6 marks)
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(iv) Why was Shoot C included in the experiment? (1 mark)
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(v) What is the importance of gibberellic acid in agriculture? (1 mark)
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Biology Paper 2 9 Cekenas Joint Mock
(vi) State two physiological processes that are brought about by the application
of gibberellic acid on plants. (2 marks)
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7. Describe the role of hormones in the mammalian female reproductive cycle. (20 marks)
8. Explain how structures of the human ear are adapted to their functions. (20 marks)
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Biology Paper 2 11 Cekenas Joint Mock
