XS1-2 XS3-2 XS5-1

Beam Limiting Device Instruction

(June 2008)

(Please read through the instruction manual before the installation and operation
of the equipment)
Characteristics of the Equipment

Equipment Category: the equipment’s protective capacity for electrical

shock is type B of class I.

Operation Mode: continuous operation with intermittent load.

This equipment has been undergone selective inspections by Beijing

Radioactive Protection Department (within the regular inspected batch
that are examined in line with relevant standard and regulations). Its
X-ray protection performance meets the requirements of GB8279-87
“Standards of the Health Protection for X-ray Radiation in Clinical
Practice”.

The manufacturer shall be liable for the safety, liability and performance
problems of the equipment in the following conditions:
A. Installation, remodeling, adjustment, change or maintenance are
conducted by the staff specified by the manufacturer.
B. All relevant appliance in the room are in line with relevant
requirements.
C. Operating the equipment in accordance with the instruction manual

Conditions for proper transportation and storage of the equipment:

（1） Ambient temperature: -20℃~70℃;
（2）Relative humidity: ≤93%;
（3）Atmospheric pressure: 50.0 ~106.0 kPa

Normal operating conditions:

（1）Ambient temperature: 10℃~ 40℃;
（2）Relative humidity: ≤75%;
（3）Atmospheric pressure: 70.0 ~106.0 kPa

Before installation and operation of the equipment, please make

sure that you carefully read through the whole manual.

Please note that the manufacturer will not give any notice if there are
changes in the appearance and specifications of the equipment.
 CONTENT

1.Outline…………………………………………………………………………………………1

2.Main technical specifications…………………………………………………………………2

3.Structure and components …………………………………………………………………3

4.Operation methods …………………………………………………………………………4

5.Installation and adjustment…………………………………………………………………7

6.Circuit and instruction………………………………………………………………………11

7.Points for attention …………………………………………………………………………13

Appendix 1 :Circuit diagram…………………………………………………………………15

Appendix 2 : Element list……………………………………………………………………16

1.Outline
This series of beam limiter can be matched with X-ray tube assembly with a
tube voltage less than 150kV for the purpose of adjusting and limiting the
radiation field of X-rays. The series of beam limiter is of a multi-vane construe
and equipped with a perifocal lead gate, which can reduce the amounts of
scatteredly leaked rays and rays outside the focus effectively, decreasing
harmful radiation to patients and operators.

The following three kinds of beam limiters are available to satisfy the
requirements of different X-ray machines:
a. XS5-1 type close control automatic beam limiter;
b. XS3-2 type automatic beam limiter;
c. XS1-2 type manual beam limiter.

While the ways of operation and control as well as related components of the
four beam limiters are somewhat different, they have lead gates of the same
construe. The former two beam limiters have a function of automatic operation.
The position sensors for lead gates installed on them cooperate with the
control circuit, film size sensors and focus position sensors etc. on the
corresponding bed to realize remote operation of the equipment. According to
the size of film, the radiation field can be set automatically and the function of
distance compensation can be executed. In addition, there are also knobs for
manual operation and display for light field on XS5-1 type beam limiter,
enabling manual operation of the bed closely and performing compensation
function.

XS5-1 type beam limiter is suitable for working with X-ray tube assembly
installed above the tomographic table or remote control table with a function of
tomographic etc.

XS3-2 type beam limiter is suitable for working with X-ray tube assembly
installed on all kinds of remote control table (both above and below) or C-arm
frames etc.

XS1-2 type beam limiter is suitable for working with X-ray tube assembly
supported by all kinds of stand and opening and closing of the lead gate is
controlled manually.

The ways of installation and operation of the above three kinds of beam
limiters are basically identical.

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 2.Main technical specifications

Model XS5-1 XS3-2 XS1-2

Item
Ways of adjusting Automatic/
Automatic Manual
manual
Motor power AC 110V/12.5V AC 110V/12.5V
supply 50Hz/ 60Hz 50Hz/ 60Hz
Light lamp power AC 24V AC 24V
supply 50Hz/ 60Hz 50Hz/60 Hz
Light lamp input
100W 100W
power
All input power
150 W 12 W 100 W

Maximum tube
150kV 150kV 150kV
voltage
Radiation field Maximum 350mm×350mm
(SID65cm) Minimum 0mm×0mm
Average
illuminance of the
≥100lx ≥100lx
light field
(SID100cm)
Edge contrast of
Not less than 4 Not less than 4
the light field
Time limit of the Not more than 60s Not more than 60s
light source
Inherent filtration Less than 2 Less than 1.5 Less than 2
(mmAl) (70kV) (70kV) (70kV)
Filtration of
organic-glass ＜0.2mmAl(70kv) ＜0.2mmAl(70kv) ＜0.2mmAl(70kv)
output window
Controlling ways of Remote control/
Remote control Remote control
lead gate close control
Distance between
the focus and 56mm 56mm 56mm
mounting surface
Weight (kg) 9.5 8 9
External
dimensions (length
250×224×250 224×224×250 250×224×250
×width×
height)mm

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3.Structure and components
The structure and main components of the lead gate of XS5-1 type close
control beam limiter are shown in the following diagram.

①Outer lead gate ②Mid lead gate ③Shielding tube ④Perifocal lead gate
⑤Light reflector ⑥Small light reflector ⑦Lamp ⑧Close control box ⑨..Tapeline

The field limiting and shielding functions of the beam limiter are achieved by
vertical and horizontal outer lead gate①, mid lead gate②, perifocal lead gate
④ and shielding tube③. The opening and closing movements of the vertical
and horizontal lead gates are driven by the vertical and horizontal AC servomotors,
steel cable, pulley and sliding block and rectangular radiation fields of any size can
be achieved. There are also sensors for measuring opening of the vertical and
horizontal lead gates to realize automatic control of the radiation field.
There are knobs on the close control box⑧ for manual adjusting of the radiation field.
⑨Vertical drag tapeline bracket of Beam limiting device to diagnostic tabletop
can measure and display SID.

The displaying device for ray field is composed of light reflector⑤ and lamp⑦.
The radiation field of X-rays are displayed with visible light to help positioning
in manual operation. The rasters on small light reflector⑥ and close control
box ⑧ can display the vertical position of the center of X-rays on the
corresponding table in terms of light gap.
There is not close control box⑧ on XS3-2 type automatic beam limiter
XS1-2 type manual beam limiter is without automatic functions, XS1-2 type

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manual beam limiter is different from XS3-2 type beam limiter in that the
former is not equipped with a motor, sensor and related transmission system
and the opening and closing of the lead gate are achieved through steel cable,
pulley and sliding block by turning the knobs on the close control box
manually.

4.Operation methods
4.1 XS5-1 type close control automatic beam limiter (working with remote
control table)
4.1.1 Remote control (automatic)
Choose the film size on the remote control operation desk and the beam
limiter will adjust the radiation field automatically to the size limited by the film
chosen at the time of photographing.
4.1.2 Close control (manual)
The layout of the panel on the close control box is shown as the following
diagram.

① Horizontal knob ②Vertical knob ③Time limiting switch ④Option switch

Indication of light spot lamp

Indication of automatic choosing

Indication of manual choosing

Indication of opening the field limiting plate left and right

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 Indication of opening the field limiting plate up and down

Indication of closing the field limiting plate left and right

Indication of closing the field limiting plate up and down

Choosing of manual/automatic functions:

Manual: Lift switch④ and the radiation field can be adjusted manually through
horizontal knob① and vertical knob②.
Automatic: Press switch④.

Press time limiting switch③ and the lamp of light source in the displaying
device for ray field lights. The maximum time limit is 60s and the lamp goes
out when the time is out.

When the light field lamp lights, a light gap will be formed on the ray filter tray
of the table, which indicates the longitudinal position of the center of X-ray
beam. This is very convenient at the time of photographing.

At the time of photographing, if the radiation field is adjusted manually, the

relation between the film distance indicated by the graduations on the panel
and the size of irradiation field is shown as the following table. (For the
purpose of facilitating the user to choose X-ray field of proper distance before
a load is put on, the table is for your reference only.)

Film distance 1.1m 1.5m

Size of the cassettes
20cm(8in) 63° 42°
23cm(9in) 73° 48°
25cm(10in) 82° 55°
28cm(11in) 91° 60°
30cm(12in) 100° 66°
36cm(14in) 119° 78°
43cm(17in) 142° 94°

4.2 XS3-2 type automatic beam limiter

At the time of transmitting, pull the handle of the beam limiter on the remote
control operation desk to adjust the radiation field. When the distance

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between the focus and the image-receiving surface is changed, a
compensation function will be performed automatically to keep the size of
transmission field constant.

At the time of photographing, the radiation field is adjusted automatically to

the size limited by the film size chosen. After the film is exposed, the radiation
field will return to the radiation field chosen at the time of transmitting. This
can be verified by joint adjusting the whole machine.

4.3 XS1-2 type manual beam limiter

The layout of the panel on the manual beam limiter is shown as the following
diagram.

①Horizontal knob ②Vertical knob ③Time limiting switch

The functions and operation ways of ①horizontal knob, ②vertical knob and
③time limiting switch are totally the same as those of XS5-1 type beam
limiter.

At the time of photographing, if the radiation field is adjusted manually, the

relation between the film distance indicated by the graduations on the panel
and the size of irradiation field is shown as the following table. (For the
purpose of facilitating the user to choose X- ray field of proper distance before
a load is put on, the table is for your reference only.)

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 Film distance 1m 1.5m 1.8m
Size of the cassettes
20cm(8in) 65° 42° 34°
23cm(9in) 75° 48° 41°
25cm(10in) 84° 55° 46°
28cm(11in) 93° 60° 52°
30cm(12in) 102° 66° 57°
36cm(14in) 121° 78° 67°
43cm(17in) 144° 94° 80°

4.4 Use of the additional filtering plate

The series of beam limiter is attached with an additional filtering plate of
0.5mmAl. When the plate is to be used, insert it into the slideway of the beam
limiter and it must be inserted to the end.

If a large additional filtration of Al equivalent is needed, other materials can be

adhered to the additional filtering plate. Nevertheless, the total thickness of
the plate should be no more than 2.5mm.

5. Installation and adjustment

5.1 Installation
5.1.1 Requirements for installation
To install the series of beam limiter, the following requirements need to be met
by the corresponding X-ray tube assembly:

a. The distance between the focus of the X-ray tube assembly and the
mounting surface should be 56mm.

b. The space inside the X-ray tube assembly should not be less than that
shown in the following diagram.

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5.1.2 Installation methods
The structure of the junction connecting the series of beam limiter and X-ray
tube assembly is shown in the following diagram.

①Beam limiter ②Connecting plate ③Blocking plate ④Protector of the lead

gate ⑤X-ray tube assembly ⑥Clamping bolt
The procedures of installation are as follows:
a. Unscrew the bolt fastening the blocking plate③ and remove the blocking
plate, connecting plate② and the protector of the lead gate④ mounted on
the plate.
b. Unscrew the nut fastening the protector of the lead gate and remove the
protector (it is used to protect the perifocal lead gate during the course of

8
 packaging and transportation).
c. Fix the connecting plate on the X-ray tube assembly⑤ with bolts.
d. Mount the blocking plate and screw down the bolts.

5.2 Adjustment
5.2.1 Adjustment of the center of the beam limiter
The center line of the beam limiter should pass through the focus of X-ray
tube, as shown above figure.

At the time of adjusting, unscrew the clamping bolt⑥, move the beam limiter
and align it’s center line with the radial and axial centers of the sleeve of X-ray
tube approximately, then screw down the bolt⑥. Observe the radiation field of
X-ray under the condition of transmission (make use of sensitivity enhancing
paper or fluorescent screen), and the light and shade inside the radiation field
should be even.

5.2.2 The procedures for calibrating and adjusting the centers of radiation field
and image-receiving surface are as follows:
a. Mark the center of image-receiving surface (fluorescent screen, image
intensifier, film magazine etc.).
b. Adjust the X-ray radiation field as small as possible.
c. Unscrew the clamping bolt of supporting shaft for the housing and the
blocking knob of sliding ring on the housing.
d. Adjust the position of the housing, observe or take a photo under the
condition of transmission to check the radiation field and make the center of
the radiation field overlap the center of image-receiving surface
approximately.
e. Screw down the clamping bolt and blocking knob.

5.2.3 For the sake of choosing, combining and adjusting the beam limiter
effectively, there are sizes of X-ray field on the panel of beam limiter
corresponding to all the distances between the focus and the image-receiving
surface. The operator can decide an appropriate size of X-ray field according
to the distance by adjusting vertical and horizontal knobs before a load is put
on.

5.2.4 Instruction to the method of checking the operation condition of

automatic beam limiter
Set the size of irradiation field according to the size of film magazine and
achieve the size by the electric way, then check if the size is complied with the
requirements of irradiation field with the automatic way.

There are knobs for manual operation on XS5-1 type automatic beam limiter,
which enable the operator to control closely and adjust manually. On the

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surface that is 1m apart from the focus and vertical to the datum axis, both the
length and width of X-ray field should be less than 5cm.

5.2.5 Method of measuring the size of light field

Choose a size of light field with the knob, and measure the size of light field
with a precision ruler on the surface which is vertical to the datum axis and at
the chosen distance between the focus and the image-receiving surface. (it is
only for beam limiters which can be adjusted manually)

5.2.6 Change of lamp

A halogen tungsten lamp is used as the light source of the displaying device
for radiation field. The life span of the lamp changes with the voltage
according to an exponential law. Given a rated voltage of AC24V, the average
life span of the lamp is 2000 hours. While changing the lamp, what needs to
do is to remove the cover of beam limiter and the light shielding plate of the
lamp, pull out the damaged lamp from the socket, and insert a new one. While
inserting or pulling out the lamp, grasp it by the end to prevent the lamp from
being stained.

Notice: The lamp and the metal components around the lamp are of
high temperature and do not touch them with your hands. Use
tools while adjusting or changing the lamp, or wait until the
high-temperature objects are cooled down completely.

After the lamp is changed, the overlapping of the center of light irradiation field
with that of X-ray radiation field needs to be checked by transmission or photo
taking. The lamp stand plate can be loosened to adjust its position if
necessary. The maximum allowable deviation between the position of light
field and that of X-ray radiation field is shown in the below figure:

Warp sketch map of light irradiation field and X-ray radiation field

Given the film distance of 1m, the maximum deviation should be less than the

10
following equation:
│a│+│b│≤ 2% of SID(film distance) and
│c│+│d│≤ 2% of SID
Remark: The solid line indicates X-ray radiation field
The dotted line indicates light field.

6. Circuit and instruction

6.1 XS5-1 type close control automatic beam limiter

In the above diagram, MIV and MIH are vertical and horizontal servomotors
respectively, while CIV and CIH are phase splitting capacitors. The power
supply for the motor is AC110V/12.5V with a frequency of 50Hz/60Hz. AJ2 is
an option switch.

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RIV and RIH are vertical and horizontal potentiometers for position sensing
respectively. When the beam limiter is fully closed, the residual resistance
between potentiometer 1and 2 should be adjusted to 35±5Ω. H1 is a light
field lamp of AC24V.

When switch AJ2 is disconnected, the beam limiter can be operated manually.
S1 is a time limiting switch for the light field lamp.

6.2 XS3-2 type automatic beam limiter

In the above diagram, MIV and MIH are vertical and horizontal servomotors
respectively, while CIV and CIH are phase splitting capacitors. The power
supply for the motor is AC110V/12.5V with a frequency of 50Hz/60Hz.

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RIV and RIH are vertical and horizontal potentiometers for position sensing
respectively. When the beam limiter is fully closed, the residual resistance
between potentiometer 1and 2 should be adjusted to 35±5Ω.

6.3 XS1-2 type manual beam limiter

H1 is a light field lamp of AC24V.

S1 is a time limiting switch for the light field lamp.

7. Points for attention

NOTICE: If the beam limiters are matched with the products of other
company, the low-voltage power supply must be isolated from
the electricity grid. Never use the power supplied by
anauto-transformer to ensure safety.

The series of beam limiters are precision instruments and should be handled
carefully to avoid damage.

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7.2 Failure analysis

Model Phenomena Analysis Measures

The light field lamp 1.The lamp is Change the lamp.
does not light. damaged.
2. Power failure. Check the power
supply.
XS1-2 The X - ray radiation
field does not
coincide with the See 5.2 See 5.2
visible light
irradiation field.
The lead gate does 1. Power failure. Check the power
not function. supply.
2. Motor or the
Check and shoot the
XS3-2 reduction gear
trouble.
failure.
3.Transmission Check and shoot the
system failure. trouble.
The lead gate does See the above See the above
not function. example. example.
XS5-1 The equipment can Potentiometer failure.
Change the
not work potentiometer.
automatically.

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Appendix 1 :Circuit diagram

D0V 7812 V4
V5 N1
R5 S1 1N4007
1 Vin 3 J1
V1 Vout

GND
100 R2
1N4740
120K
V2
C1 2 R4 C2 R1 S9014
R3 V3
470 5.1K 27K S9014
1A 5.1K 470

J1-1
J1-2

Figure1 Circuit diagram of the timing board

AJ2-1
V3 C2-1
K12V
C1 C2
R2 R1 0.1μ/400V
220 5.1K 5.1K
1A C2-2
K0V D2 D1

AJ2-2 -

Figure2 Circuit diagram of the switch board

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Appendix 2 Element list

Element list of the timing board

type name specification

V1 Silicon bridge 1A/250V φ8
V2,V3 Triode 9014
V4 Diode IN4001
R1 Resistor RJ 1/4W 27k
R2 Resistor RJ 1/4W 120k
C1,C2 Capacitor CD03 470μ/50V
N1 Three-end voltage stabilizer 7812
S1 Relay JQX-14FA 024-1Z1-2
S1-1 Switch 15.551

Element list of the switch board

Type Name Specification

V1,V2 LBD φ2 Green
R1，R2 Silicon bridge φ8 1A/250V
R1，R2 Resistor RJ 1/4W 5.1k
C1 Capacitor CD03 220μ/50V
C2 Capacitor CBB 0.1μ/400V
S1-1 Switch 15.551

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