THE DISCIPLINE OF COUNSELING

EnP Ana Adora S. Flores

2
 • Define counseling as an
applied social science
OBJECTIVES • Identify various contexts
involved in counseling
• Demonstrate how core
values of counseling can
be infused in counseling
sessions

The Discipline of Counseling 3

ACTIVITY

The Discipline of Counseling 4

COUNSELING
2023
The Discipline of Counseling
5
Definition of Counseling
• The process of guiding a person during a stage of life when
reassessment or decisions have to be made about
him/herself and his/her life course. (Collins Dictionary of
Sociology)
• It is allied with psychology and deals with normal responses
to normal life events, which may sometimes create stress for
some people who, in turn, choose to ask for help and
support.
• It is a form of “talk therapy”
The Discipline of Counseling 6
 20XX

The Discipline of Counseling 7

Context and Basic Concept
of Counseling

The Discipline of Counseling 8

Counseling vs Psychiatry
Counseling Psychiatry
• Affected by the context and • Branch of general medicine
the surrounding factors. • Specializes in treatment of the
• A therapy focused on mentally ill by medically
listening and offering trained professionals who uses
informed advice and support clinical interventions including
drugs, surgical procedures and
nonphysical approaches 9
The Discipline of Counseling
What is Context of Counseling?
The context of counseling includes such factors as the physical
environment of the counseling room, the emotional climate of the
counseling agency, the relationship between the agency and the
community it serves, and the cultural beliefs and values which
inform both counselor and client. It is argued that these factors can
make a difference to the relationship between counselor and client,
and the process and outcome of counseling. It is suggested that
contextual issues have been largely ignored in counseling theory,
research and practice, and that increased attention to context has
the potential to contribute to the creation of more responsive and
effective counseling services.
The Discipline of Counseling 10
CONTEXT OF COUNSELING
(National Institute of Health)

20XX

FAMILY AS CONTEXT
Parents, siblings, and members of a
household influence heavily a child’s
attitude, values and norms. Critical
family issues involves family roles, both
positively and negatively. In most cases,
the impact of parent influence can help
counter the negative influence that
peers have on young people.
The Discipline of Counseling 11
CONTEXT OF COUNSELING
(National Institute of Health)

20XX
PEERS AS CONTEXT
Attitudes, values, norms and behaviors
in adolescents arise from friends and
their exerted influence on an individual
who depend on their affirmation and
approval for acceptance. Many personal
issues are often introduced to the
individual by their peers to an extent
that can counter positive influence that
the family may have on young people.
The Discipline of Counseling 12
CONTEXT OF COUNSELING
(National Institute of Health)

NEIGHBORHOOD AS CONTEXT
20XX

In most communities, the family unit

functions within a neighborhood. The
behavioral problems in the
neighborhood require that families work
against crime and social isolation that
may impact them. Neighborhood
context is an important consideration in
counseling. It can introduce additional
strengths and provide families parenting
support
The Discipline of Counseling 13
CONTEXT OF COUNSELING
(National Institute of Health)

CULTURE AS CONTEXT 20XX

Culture provided meaning and

coherence of life to any orderly life such
as community or organization. Various
sectors of community families, peers
and neighborhoods are all bounded
together by a cultural context that
influences them all as individual
members. Therefore, the cultural context
is a major consideration in counseling.

The Discipline of Counseling 14

CONTEXT OF COUNSELING
(National Institute of Health)

COUNSELING AS CONTEXT
20XX

Counseling situations, regardless of a

therapeutic approach in use, is itself a
context. It provides a deliberate focus, a
set of procedures, rules, expectations,
experiences, and a way of monitoring
progress and determining results in any
therapeutic approach. Counseling can,
therefore, be affected by the counseling
context.

The Discipline of Counseling 15

Other Factors that
need to be
managed towards
success
20XX of
Counseling
engagement

The Discipline of Counseling 16

 • Are everything that client
brings to the counseling
context.
• The client brings so much to
Client Factor the counseling context and
therefore remains
imperative that they are
considered as an active part
of the process.
• The expectations and
attitudes of the client define
the result of the counseling
process and experience
• The success or failure of the
counseling process depends
The Discipline of Counseling 17
 • The personality, skills and
personal qualities if a
counselor can significantly
Counselor Factor impact the outcomes of the
counseling relationship.
• The conditions for self-
restoration or experience of
self-empowerment in a
client are some qualities the
counselor usually brings
about.

The Discipline of Counseling 18

 • Outcomes can be
Contextual determined by the context.
factors • Comfort and safety pave
way to healing
commencement and may
yield desirable outcomes for
the counselor and the
counselee.

The Discipline of Counseling 19

 • The process factors
constitute the actual
Process Factors counseling undertaking.
Vellemean (2001) presents
the six stages which aimes
to apply all problem areas in
the process of counseling.

The Discipline of Counseling 20

1. Developing Trust. Provide warmth, genuineness and empathy.
2. Exploring problem areas. Provide a clear and deep analysis of what
the problem is, where it comes from, what triggers it and why it may
have developed.
3. Helping to set goals. Involves setting and managing goal-directed
interventions.
4. Empowering into actions. Means fostering action to achieve set goal.
5. Helping to maintain change. Provide support and other techniques to
enable the client to maintain changes.
6. Agreeing when to end the helping relationship. Implies that
assurances are there that guarantee the process is being directed by
the client and toward independence.

The Discipline of Counseling 21