Here is a summary of the Sri Lankan Grade 10 Mathematics syllabus equations.
These
equations are commonly taught as part of the curriculum:
1. Algebraic Equations
Simplifying expressions
Solving linear equations:
Example: ax+b=0ax + b = 0
Solution: x=−bax = -\frac{b}{a}
Solving simultaneous linear equations:
Example:
a1x+b1y=c1anda2x+b2y=c2a_1x + b_1y = c_1 \quad \text{and} \quad a_2x + b_2y =
c_2
Expanding algebraic expressions (e.g., using (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2(a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab +
b^2).
Factorization of quadratic equations:
Example: ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0
Using the quadratic formula:
x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}
2. Geometry and Trigonometry
Pythagoras theorem:
a2+b2=c2a^2 + b^2 = c^2, where cc is the hypotenuse.
Trigonometric ratios:
sinθ=OppositeHypotenuse,cosθ=AdjacentHypotenuse,tanθ=OppositeAdjacent\sin \theta
= \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Hypotenuse}}, \quad \cos \theta = \frac{\text{Adjacent}}
{\text{Hypotenuse}}, \quad \tan \theta = \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Adjacent}}
Area of a triangle using trigonometry:
Area=12absinC\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin C
Circle theorems:
o Angle at center=2×angle at circumference\text{Angle at center} = 2 \times \
text{angle at circumference}
o Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
3. Probability and Statistics
Probability formula:
P(E)=Number of favorable outcomesTotal number of outcomesP(E) = \frac{\
text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of outcomes}}
Mean, median, and mode formulas.
4. Mensuration
Perimeter and area formulas:
o Circle: Circumference=2πr,Area=πr2\text{Circumference} = 2\pi r, \quad \
text{Area} = \pi r^2
o Rectangle: Perimeter=2(l+w),Area=l×w\text{Perimeter} = 2(l + w), \quad \
text{Area} = l \times w
o Triangle: Area=12×base×height\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \
times \text{height}
Volume and surface area:
o Cylinder: Volume=πr2h,Surface Area=2πr(h+r)\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 h, \quad \
text{Surface Area} = 2\pi r(h + r)
o Sphere: Volume=43πr3,Surface Area=4πr2\text{Volume} = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3, \
quad \text{Surface Area} = 4\pi r^2
5. Functions and Graphs
Slope of a straight line:
m=y2−y1x2−x1m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}
Equation of a straight line:
y=mx+cy = mx + c
6. Simultaneous Equations
Substitution method
Elimination method
Graphical solutions
If you want the syllabus equations in a specific format or more detailed explanations, feel free to
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