Group A- Socrates
Members:
Alyannah Shane V. Anque
Elyonah Rae Bulfa
John Paulo Empleo
Marc Gabrielle Tacalan
I. Biography
Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in Athens in the 5th
century BCE.
He was admired by his followers for his integrity, self-mastery,
philosophical insight, and his argumentative skill.
He was the first Greek philosopher to seriously explore questions of
ethics.
He had a great influence on the subsequent course of ancient philosophy
that the cosmologically oriented philosophers who preceded him are
referred to as “pre-Socratics.”
II. Early Life
Depicts Socrates about to drink hemlock rather than endure exile after being convicted by
the Athenian government of subverting the local youth with his teachings. Disciples
surround their principled friend, bidding him an emotional farewell.
Socrates’ Idea of the Self
Socrates believed that the “self” exists in two parts.
One part is the physical, tangible aspect of us. This is the part that is mortal and
can be/is constantly changing.
The second part is the soul, which he believed to be immortal. The soul is part
that is unvarying across all realms.
• Socrates believed that when we are in the physical realm, we are in the physical realm.
• We are alive and our body and soul are attached.
• Thus, making both parts of our “self” present in the physical realm.
• When we die however, our body stays in the physical realm while our soul travels to
the ideal realm, therefore making our soul immortal.
III. IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
Ethical Philosophy - He believed that the pursuit of wisdom and knowledge was
inherently tied to living a virtuous life.
Irony and Humility - Socrates was known for his intellectual humility. He claimed to
know very little and acknowledged his own ignorance.
Intellectual Courage - He was willing to endure criticism and even face execution for his
philosophical pursuits, emphasizing the importance of pursuing truth and wisdom
regardless of consequences.
Virtue as Knowledge - Socrates argued that virtue is a form of knowledge. He believed
that people do wrong or harmful things due to ignorance, and by acquiring knowledge
and wisdom, individuals would naturally act in virtuous ways.
Influence on Plato - Socrates was a significant influence on his student Plato, who
documented many of Socrates' ideas in his dialogues. Plato's works, such as "The
Republic" and "Phaedrus," contain Socratic philosophy and expand upon it.
IV. Socrates’ Philosophical Perspectives
• Socratic Method -
• Ignorance and Wisdom -
• Virtue and Ethics
• Critical Examination
• Intellectual Integrity
V.
Despite his execution, Socrates’ legacy endured through the writings of his student Plato
and Xenophon, profoundly influencing Western Philosophy and the pursuit of wisdom
through critical thinking and moral inquiry.
VI. QUOTES OF SOCRATES
“Know thyself”
“An examined life is not worth living”
“I am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing”
VII.References:
Ambury, J. M. (n.d.). Internet encyclopedia of philosophy. https://iep.utm.edu/socrates/
Kraut , R. (1999, July 26). Socrates. Encyclopædia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Socrates
Nails, D., & Monoson, S. S. (2022, May 26). Socrates. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/socrates/
