Docker and Kubernetes

This document provides the curriculum outline of the Knowledge, Skills and
Abilities that a Docker Associate and Kubernetes Developer can be expected to
demonstrate.

Who should attend?

 DevOps Engineers
 Deployment Engineers
 System Administrators
 IT professionals who want to demonstrate their expertise in deploying,
backing up, restoring, and upgrading Kubernetes

Prerequisite:
 Linux/Unix Systems Fundaments
 Familiarity with Command Line Interface (CLI)
 Fundamental knowledge of editors on Linux (any one of vi/nano/emacs)
 Familiarity with at least one scripting/programming language

Objectives:

Day – 1

Docker Introduction
 What is Docker?
 Why Docker?
 Containerization v/s Virtualization
 Docker Architecture
 Understanding the Docker components
 Docker Terminologies
 Docker Internals

Docker Installation
 Docker Editions
 Hardware and Software Requirements
 Installing Docker
 Docker Config Files and Settings

Lab: Installing Docker on Linux

Managing Container Lifecycle
 Creating, Starting and Listing Containers
 Attaching and Detaching from Container
 Fetching Container details using “inspect”
 Executing Commands inside a Container
 Pause, Stop, Start, Restart and Kill a Container
 Container Metrics via stats
 Limiting Memory and CPU utilization
 Storage Utilization of a Container
 Expose Container Application using Host Port

Lab: Managing Container Life Cycle using Docker commands

Working with Docker Images

 Searching, Filtering and Pulling Images
 Docker Image save/load
 Commit Container State
 Understanding Docker Image Directives
 Understanding the use of Base Images
 What is “FROM scratch”?
 RUN vs CMD
 COPY vs ADD
 Building Custom Images using Dockerfile
 Understanding Image Layers
 Publishing the Custom Image
 Flatten an Image using export/import
 Tagging Images
 Working with Docker Hub
 Pushing Docker Images to Docker Hub
 Working with Local Registry Service

Lab: Working with Docker Images

Lab: Building Custom Images
Lab: Publishing the custom image
Lab: Backup and Restore and Image
Lab: Export and Import an Image
Lab: Running a container from the custom image
Lab: Working with Docker Hub
Lab: Pulling/Pushing Docker images from Docker Hub
Lab: Setting up Local Registry Service
Day – 2

Introduction to Kubernetes and its Architecture

 What is Kubernetes?
 Why Kubernetes?
 Kubernetes Versions and Flavors
 Kubernetes Terminologies
 Kubernetes Cluster Architecture
 Understanding Kubernetes Controllers Components
o Kube-apiserver
o ETCD
o Kube-scheduler
o Kube-controller
o CoreDNS
 Understanding Kubernetes Nodes Components
o Kube-proxy
o Kubelet
o CRI – Container Runtime Interface
o CNI – Container Network Interface
o CSI – Container Storage Interface

Kubernetes Cluster Setup and Validation

 Understanding different tools for deploying Kubernetes Cluster
 Building the Kubernetes Cluster using kubeadm Tool
 Understanding the pre-requisites
 Kubernetes Controllers and Nodes

Lab: Environment Setup

Lab: Installing pre-requisites
Lab: Initializing Kubernetes Cluster using Kubeadm
Lab: Adding Nodes to the Kubernetes Cluster

Managing Pod Lifecycle

 Pod Overview
o Creating a Pod with imperative syntax
o Creating a Pod with declarative syntax
o Reading the Pod's information and metadata
 o Listing the objects in JSON or YAML
o Backing up your resource using the list operation
o Getting more information from the list operation
o Accessing a Pod from the outside world
o Entering into a container inside a Pod
o Creating Temporary Pod
 Multi-container Pod
o Concrete scenarios where you need multi-container Pods
o When not to create a multi-container Pod
o What happens when Kubernetes fails to launch one container in
a Pod?
o Understanding the Pod deletion grace period
o Accessing a specific container inside a multi-container Pod
o Running commands in containers
o Overriding the default commands run by your containers
 Labeling and annotating the Pods
 What are labels and why do we need them
 What are annotations and how do they differ from labels
 Listing labels attached to a Pod
 Adding or updating a label to/of a running Pod
 Deleting a label attached to a running Pod
 Adding an annotation
 Understanding the Pod Lifecycle

Lab: Getting Started with kubectl CLI

Lab: Creating Pods using Imperative Commands
Lab: Creating Pods using Declarative Method
Lab: Working with Labels and Annotations
Lab: Formatting Output with kubectl
Lab: Working with Single Container Pods
Lab: Working with multi container Pods

Kubernetes Networking and Services

 Cluster Communications
 Pod and Node Networking
 Container Network Interface (CNI)
 Understanding Pod IP assignment is dynamic
 Never hardcode a pod's IP addresses in your application code
 Understanding how services route traffic to Pods
 Understanding how DNS names are generated for services
 Understanding different types of Services
o ClusterIP
 o NodePort
o LoadBalancer
o ExternalName
 NodePort or kubectl port-forward?

Lab: Exposing Applications using ClusterIP Service

Lab: Exposing Applications using NodePort Service

Day – 3

Working with Controllers

 Understanding Various Types of Kubernetes Controllers
 Desired State vs Current State
 Kube-Controller-Manager
o ReplicaSet – Scaling the Application
o Deployment – Automatic Rollout and Rollback
 Rolling Deployment
 Recreate Deployment
 Blue-Green Deployment
 Canary Deployment
 A/B Testing
o DaemonSet – Deploying Agents
o StatefulSet – Running StatefulSet Applications
o Job – Run a Task
o Cronjob – Run Recurring Tasks
 HPA vs VPA for Pod Autoscaling
 Creating a Deployment object
 Exposing Deployment Pods using Service objects
 Scaling a Deployment object
 How does a Deployment object manage revisions and version
rollout?
 Updating a Deployment object
 Rolling back a Deployment object
 Deployment object best practices
 Use declarative object management for Deployments
 Do not use the Recreate strategy for production workloads
 Lab: Deploying Application using ReplicaSet
Lab: Working with Deployments – Rolling Update
Lab: Working with Deployments – Blue-Green
Lab: Autoscaling of Pods – HPA
Lab: Deploying Application using DaemonSet

Working with Kubernetes Scheduler

 Understanding kube-scheduler and its features
 Manual Scheduling Vs Dynamic Scheduling
 nodeName vs nodeSelector
 Taints and Tolerations

Lab: Manually scheduling Pod

Lab: Scheduling Pod based on Node Selector and Labels
Lab: Taints and Tolerations

Logging and Monitoring

 Describe Resources
 Pod and Container Logs
 Debugging your application
o Debug Pods
o Debug Services
o Determine the Reason for Pod Failure
o Debug Init Containers
o Debug Running Pods
o Get a Shell to a Running Container
o Inspect Kubernetes node with crictl
 Metric Server and the top command
 Events

Lab: Debugging Application Failures

Lab: Deploying Metric Server

Kubernetes Storage
 Understanding Kubernetes Storage
 Types of Volumes
o Persistent Volumes
o Projected Volumes
o Ephemeral Volumes
 Static vs Dynamic Storage
 Volume Modes
 Access Modes
 ConfigMaps and Secrets

Lab: Working with Kubernetes Volume Service

Lab: Working with ConfigMaps and Secrets