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CBSE SCIENCE 2 MARKS TEST 1
10th Standard CBSE
Science

Exam Time : 01:00:00 Hrs

Total Marks : 50

25 x 2 = 50
1)
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?

Answer : Magnesium is very reactive metal. When stored it reacts with oxygen
to form a layer magnesium oxide on its surface. This layer of magnesium oxide
is quite stable and prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. The
magnesium ribbon is cleaned by sand paper to remove this layer so that the
underlying metal can be exposed into air.

2)
A solution of a substance 'X' is used for white washing.
(i) Name the substance 'X' and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance 'X' named in (i) above with water.

Answer : (i) The chemical name of substance 'X' which is used for white
washing is calcium oxide. The chemical formula of calcium oxide is CaO.
(ii) Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form calcium hydroxide
(slaked lime).
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

3)
Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes? name this gas.

Answer : Water (H2O) contains two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.
Therefore, the amount of hydrogen and oxygen produced during electrolysis of
water is in a 2 : 1 ratio. During electrolysis, since hydrogen goes to one test
tube and oxygen goes to another, the amount of gas collected in one of the test
is double of the amount collected in the other.

4)
Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper
vessels?
 Answer : Curd and other sour substances are acidic in nature due to the
presence of acid in them. So when curd and other sour substances when kept
in brass and copper vessels, they react with brass and copper to form toxic
compounds which makes the food unfit for consumption.

5)
Why do H C l, H N O3 etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while
solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic characters?

Answer : Both hydrochloric acid and nitric acid form hydronium ions in
aqueous solutions; while alcohol and glucose do not dissociate to form
hydronium ions instead they produce hydrogen which is non-ionizable. So,
H C l, H N O , etc show acidic characters in aqueous solution while solutions of
3

compounds like alcohol and glucose do not conduct electricity.

6)
Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity?

Answer : Acid on dissociation produces ions in aqueous solution, which

conducts electricity Thus, an aqueous solution of acid conducts electricity.

7)
Give an example of a metal which
(i) is a liquid at room temperature.
(ii) can be easily cut with a knife.
(iii) is the best conductor of heat.
(iv) is a poor conductor of heat.

Answer : (i) Mercury

ii) Sodium
(iii) Silver
(iv) Mercury and lead

8)
Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.

Answer : a) The word 'malleable' means 'can be beaten with hammer to form
thin sheets'.
b) The word 'ductile' means 'can be drawn into thin wires'.

9)
Why sodium is kept immersed in kerosene oil?
 Answer : Sodium reacts vigorously with the oxygen of air. They catch fire and
start burning when kept open in the air. Hence, to protect them both sodium
and potassium metals are kept immersed in kerosene oil to prevent their
reaction with oxygen.

10)
What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the huge number of
carbon compounds we see around us?

Answer : The two features of carbon that give rise to a large number of
compounds are as follows:
(i) Catenation: It is the ability to form bonds with other atoms of carbon.
(ii) Tetravalency: With the valency of four, carbon is capable of bonding with
four other atoms.

11)
A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Can you tell why a
mixture of ethyne and air is not used?

Answer : When ethyne is burnt in air, it gives a sooty flame. This is due to
incomplete combustion caused by limited supply of air. However, if ethyne is
burnt with oxygen, it gives a clean flame with temperature 3000o C because of
complete combustion. This oxy-acetylene flame is used for welding. It is not
possible to attain such a high temperature without mixing oxygen. This is the
reason why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used.

12)
How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a
carboxylic acid?

Answer : (a) Acid test: Reaction with carbonates/hydrogen carbonates. Take

samples of alcohol and carboxylic acid in 2 test tubes, and add sodium
carbonate or sodium bicarbonate solution to each. The compound which will
produce brisk effervescence of CO2 gas will be acid.
(b) Alcohol test: Take small amount of ethanol and ethanoic acid in test tube A
and B. Add 5% solution of alkaline potassium permanganate drop by drop to
this solution and warm the test tube. The colour of potassium permanganate
will disappear in test tube containing alcohol.

13)
Did Dobereiner's triads also exist in the columns of Newlands' Octaves?
Compare and find out.
 Answer : Yes, Dobereiner's triads also in the columns of Newlands' Octave. For
example, Li, Na, K is a triad of Dobereiner which also exists in the columns of
Newlands' Octaves.

14)
Besides gallium, which other elements have since been discovered that were
left by Mendeleev in his Periodic Table? (any two)

Answer : (i) Scandium

(ii) Germanium

15)
What were the criteria used by Mendeleev in creating his Periodic Table?

Answer : The criteria for Mendeleev periodic table was the use of atomic
masses. Mendeleev arranged the elements in increasing order of their atomic
masses and according to their chemical properties.

16)
Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular
organisms like humans?

Answer : The size of the multicellular organisms is very large compared to

unicellular organisms and so the gases need to travel for a long distance.
Diffusion is a passive mode of transport of substances and so gases can be
transferred only to a small distance only. This will not be sufficient to meet the
oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms.

17)
What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life?

Answer : The processes essential for maintaining life are nutrition, respiration,
reproduction, excretion and locomotion or movement.

18)
What are the difference between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic
nutrition?
 Answer :
S.NoAutotrophic Nutrition Heterotrophic Nutrition
The organism does not prepare
The organism is preparing its own food
its
and is not dependent on any other
1 own food and is dependent on
organism
other
for food.
organisms for food.
All organisms which are not
2 Green plants are autotrophs among
green plants are heterotrophic

19)
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

Answer : DNA copying is important for reproduction. Additional copies of DNA

are made during replication; which is necessary for the new cells formed after
cell division. Moreover, some minor alterations during DNA replication are
responsible for bringing variations in the long run.

20)
Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to
new individuals through regeneration?

Answer : Regeneration happens through mitosis and a particular type of tissue

can give rise to its own kind only. In complex organisms, different tissues and
organs have altogether different structures. Regenerating a different kind of
tissue from another kind is not possible. Hence, complex organisms are unable
to give rise to new individuals through regeneration.

21)
How is the process of pollination different from fertilisation?

Answer : Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is called pollution. On

the other hand, fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilisation.
Pollination is a physical process in which movement of pollen grains are
attained by certain physical factors. Fertilization is a biological process. Ovary
is the site of fertilization and embryo is the product of fertilization.

22)
Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will
survive in a population. Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not?
 Answer : No, depending on the nature of variations different individuals have
different kinds of advantages. However, when a drastic 'Change occurs in
environment only those organism in the population will survive which have an
advantageous variation in that population to survive in changed environment.

23)
Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point
of view of genetics?

Answer : The small number of tigers are causing a worry for the genetics
because if they become extinct then the genes of this species will be lost
forever. There will be no scope of again getting this species back to life without
their genes.

24)
Define the principal focus of a concave mirror .

Answer : Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror
converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror.
This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror.

25)
Name a mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.

Answer : When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of
a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged.