REPUBLIC OF KENYA

NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS

FOR

SCIENCE LABORATORY TECHNOLOGIST

LEVEL 6

TVET CDACC
P.O. BOX 15745-00100
NAIROBI
First published 2019
Copyright © TVET CDACC

All rights reserved. No part of these occupational standards may be reproduced, distributed, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic
or mechanical methods without the prior written permission of the TVET CDACC, except in the
case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses
permitted by copyright law. For permission requests, write to the Council Secretary/CEO, at the
address below:

Council Secretary/CEO
TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council
P.O. Box 15745–00100
Nairobi, Kenya
Email: [email protected]

© TVET CDACC 2019

 FOREWORD

The provision of quality education and training is fundamental to the Government’s overall
strategy for social economic development. Quality education and training will contribute to
achievement of Kenya’s development blueprint, Vision 2030 and sustainable development goals.

Reforms in the education sector are necessary for the achievement of Kenya Vision 2030 and
meeting the provisions of the Constitution of Kenya 2010. The education sector had to be aligned
to the Constitution of Kenya 2010 and this resulted to the formulation of the Policy Framework
for Reforming Education and Training. A key feature of this policy is the radical change in the
design and delivery of the TVET training. This policy document requires that training in TVET
be competency based, curriculum development be industry led, certification be based on
demonstration of competence and mode of delivery allows for multiple entry and exit in TVET
programmes.

These reforms demand that Industry takes a leading role in curriculum development to ensure the
curriculum addresses its competence needs. It is against this background that these Occupational
Standards were developed for the purpose of developing a competency-based curriculum for
Science Laboratory Technology. These Occupational Standards will also be the bases for
assessment of an individual for competence certification.

It is my conviction that these Occupational Standards will play a great role towards development
of competent human resource for Science Laboratory sector’s growth and development.

PRINCIPAL SECRETARY, VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

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 PREFACE

Kenya’s Vision 2030 aims to transform the country into a newly industrializing, “middle-income
country providing a high-quality life to all its citizens by the year 2030”. Kenya intends to create
a globally competitive and adaptive human resource base to meet the requirements of a rapidly
industrializing economy through life-long education and training. TVET has a responsibility of
facilitating the process of inculcating knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary for catapulting
the nation to a globally competitive country, hence the paradigm shift to embrace Competency
Based Education and Training (CBET).

The Technical and Vocational Education and Training Act No. 29 of 2013 on Reforming
Education and Training in Kenya, emphasized the need to reform curriculum development,
assessment and certification. This called for a shift to CBET in order to address the mismatch
between skills acquired through training and skills needed by industry as well as increase the
global competitiveness of Kenyan labor force.

The TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council (TVET CDACC), in
conjunction with Science Laboratory Sector Skills Advisory Committee (SSAC) have developed
these Occupational Standards for Science Laboratory Technologists. These standards will be the
bases for development of competency-based curriculum for Science Laboratory Technology.

The occupational standards are designed and organized with clear performance criteria for each
element of a unit of competency. These standards also outline the required knowledge and skills
as well as evidence guide.

I am grateful to the Council Members, Council Secretariat, Science Laboratory SSAC, expert
workers and all those who participated in the development of these Occupational Standards.

Prof. CHARLES M. M. ONDIEKI, PhD, FIET (K), Con. EngTech.

CHAIRMAN, TVET CDACC

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

These Occupational Standards were developed through combined effort of various stakeholders
from private and public organizations. I am thankful to the management of these organizations
for allowing their staff to participate in this course. I wish to acknowledge the invaluable
contribution of industry players who provided inputs towards the development of these
Standards.

I thank TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council (TVET CDACC)
for providing guidance on the development of these Standards. My gratitude goes to Science
Laboratory Sector Skills Advisory Committee (SSAC) members for their contribution to the
development of these Standards. I thank all the individuals and organizations who participated
in the validation of these Standards.

I acknowledge all other institutions which in one way or another contributed to the development
of these Standards.

CHAIRMAN
SCIENCE LABORATORY SECTOR SKILLS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD...................................................................................................................................ii

PREFACE......................................................................................................................................iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................................................iv

ACRONYMS..................................................................................................................................vi

KEY TO UNIT CODE..................................................................................................................vii

OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................viii

BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY...............................................................................................1

DEMONSTRATE COMMUNICATION SKILLS.........................................................................2

DEMONSTRATE NUMERACY SKILLS.....................................................................................6

DEMONSTRATE DIGITAL LITERACY....................................................................................12

DEMONSTRATE ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS....................................................................18

DEMONSTRATE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS..........................................................................26

DEMONSTRATE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY.................................................................35

DEMONSTRATE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PRACTICES........................43

COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY......................................................................................50

APPLY STANDARD LABORATORY PRACTICES.................................................................51

APPLY LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION.......................................................................58

CONDUCT SCIENCE LABORATORY RESEARCH................................................................62

CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY..............................................................................................67

APPLY BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES..............................................................................................68

APPLY PHYSICS TECHNIQUES...............................................................................................78

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APPLY CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES........................................................................................87

ACRONYMS

A Control Version

BC Basic Competency

CBET Competency-Based Education and Training

CC Common Competency

CDACC Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council

CR Core Competency

CU Curriculum

EDTA Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid

EMF Electromotive force

ICT Information communication technology

NEMA National Environment Management Authority

OSH Occupational Safety and Health

PD Potential difference

PPEs Personal Protective Equipment

SL Science Laboratory

SOPs Standard Operating Procedures

TVET Technical and Vocational Education and Training

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 KEY TO UNIT CODE

SLT/OS/SL/BC/01/6/A

Industry or sector

Occupational Standards

Occupational area

Type of competency

Competency number

Competency level

Control version

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 OVERVIEW

Science Laboratory Technologist Certificate level 6 qualification consists of competencies that a

person must achieve to enable him/her to effectively discharge Science Laboratory works and
contributes towards meeting the science laboratory requirements.

The units of competency leading to Science Laboratory Technologist certificate level 6

qualification include the following seven basic, three common and three core competencies:

BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY

UNIT OF COMPETENCY CODE UNIT OF COMPETENCY TITLE
SLT/OS/SL/BC/01/6/A Demonstrate communication skills
SLT/OS/SL/BC/02/6/A Demonstrate numeracy skills
SLT/OS/SL/BC/03/6/A Demonstrate digital literacy
SLT/OS/SL/BC/04/6/A Demonstrate entrepreneurial skills
SLT/OS/SL/BC/05/6/A Demonstrate employability skills
SLT/OS/SL/BC/06/6/A Demonstrate environmental literacy
SLT/OS/SL/BC/07/7/A Demonstrate Occupational safety and health
practices

COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY

UNIT OF COMPETENCY CODE UNIT OF COMPETENCY TITLE
SLT/OS/SL/CC/01/6/A Apply standard laboratory practices
SLT/OS/SL/CC/02/6/A Apply laboratory Instrumentation
SLT/OS/SL/CC/03/6/A Conduct science laboratory research

CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY

UNIT OF COMPETENCY CODE UNIT OF COMPETENCY TITLE
SLT/OS/SL/CR/01/6/A Apply biological techniques
SLT/OS/SL/CR/02/6/A Apply physics techniques
SLT/OS/SL/CR/03/6/A Apply chemistry techniques

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 BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY

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 DEMONSTRATE COMMUNICATION SKILLS

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/01/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required in meeting communication needs of clients and
colleagues; developing, establishing, maintaining communication pathways and strategies. It also
covers competencies for conducting interview, facilitating group discussion and representing the
organization in various forums.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the These are assessable statements which specify the required level of
key outcomes which performance for each of the elements.
make up workplace Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
function
1. Meet 1.1 Specific communication needs of clients and colleagues are
communication identified and met
needs of clients 1.2 Different approaches are used to meet communication needs of
and colleagues clients and colleagues
1.3 Conflict is addressed promptly and in a timely way and in a
manner, which does not compromise the standing of the organization
2. Develop 2.1 Strategies for effective internal and external dissemination of
communication information are developed to meet the organization’s requirements
strategies 2.2 Special communication needs are considered in developing
strategies to avoid discrimination in the workplace
2.3 Communication strategies are analyzed, evaluated and revised
where necessary to make sure they are effective
3. Establish and 3.1 Pathways of communication are established to meet requirements of
maintain organization and workforce
communication 3.2 Pathways are maintained and reviewed to ensure personnel are
pathways informed of relevant information
4. Promote use of 4.1 Information is provided to all areas of the organization to facilitate
communication implementation of the strategy
strategies 4.2 Effective communication techniques are articulated and modelled to
the workforce
4.3 Personnel are given guidance about adapting communication
strategies to suit a range of contexts
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 5. Conduct 5.1 A range of appropriate communication strategies are employed in
interview interview situations
5.2 Records of interviews are made and maintained in accordance with
organizational procedures
5.3 Effective questioning, listening and nonverbal communication
techniques are used to ensure that required message is
communicated
6. Facilitate group 6.1 Mechanisms which enhance effective group interaction is
discussion defined and implemented
6.2 Strategies which encourage all group members to participate are
used routinely
6.3 Objectives and agenda for meetings and discussions are routinely
set and followed
6.4 Relevant information is provided to group to facilitate outcomes
6.5 Evaluation of group communication strategies is undertaken to
promote participation of all parties
6.6 Specific communication needs of individuals are identified and
addressed
7. Represent the 7.1 When participating in internal or external forums, presentation is
organization relevant, appropriately researched and presented in a manner to
promote the organization
7.2 Presentation is clear and sequential and delivered within a
predetermined time
7.3 Appropriate media is utilized to enhance presentation
7.4 Differences in views are respected
7.5 Written communication is consistent with organizational standards
7.6 Inquiries are responded in a manner consistent with organizational
standard

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Communication  Language switch
strategies include but  Comprehension check
not limited to:  Repetition
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  Asking confirmation
 Paraphrase
 Clarification request
 Translation
 Restructuring
 Approximation
 Generalization
2. Effective group  Identifying and evaluating what is occurring within an
interaction includes but interaction in a nonjudgmental way
not limited to:  Using active listening
 Making decision about appropriate words, behavior
 Putting together response which is culturally appropriate
 Expressing an individual perspective
 Expressing own philosophy, ideology and background
and exploring impact with relevance to communication
3. Situations include but  Establishing rapport
not limited to:  Eliciting facts and information
 Facilitating resolution of issues
 Developing action plans
 Diffusing potentially difficult situations

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Effective communication
 Active listening
 Giving/receiving feedback
 Interpretation of information
 Role boundaries setting
 Negotiation
 Establishing empathy
 Openness and flexibility in communication
 Communication skills required to fulfill job roles as specified by the organization
 Writing communications strategy
 Applying key elements of communications strategy

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

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  Communication process
 Dynamics of groups and different styles of group leadership
 Communication skills relevant to client groups
 Flexibility in communication
 Communication skills relevant to client groups
 Key elements of communications strategy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency
1.1 Developed communication strategies to meet the organization
requirements and applied in the workplace
1.2 Established and maintained communication pathways for
effective communication in the workplace
1.3 Used communication strategies involving exchanges of complex
oral information
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications
2.1 Access to relevant workplace or appropriately simulated
environment where assessment can take place
2.2 Materials relevant to the proposed activity or tasks
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment
3.1 Direct Observation/Demonstration with Oral Questioning
3.2 Written Examination
4. Context of Competency may be assessed individually in the actual workplace or
Assessment through accredited institution
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information workplace and job role is recommended.
for
assessment

DEMONSTRATE NUMERACY SKILLS

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UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/02/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit describes the competencies required by a worker in order to apply a wide range of
mathematical calculations for work; apply ratios, rates and proportions to solve problems;
estimate, measure and calculate measurement for work; Use detailed maps to plan travel routes
for work; Use geometry to draw and construct 2D and 3D shapes for work; Collect, organize and
interpret statistical data; Use routine formula and algebraic expressions for work and use
common functions of a scientific calculator

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required level
outcomes which make up of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range.
1. Apply a wide range of 1.1 Mathematical information embedded in a range of workplace
mathematical tasks and texts is extracted
calculations for work 1.2 Mathematical information is interpreted and comprehended
1.3 A range of mathematical and problem solving processes are
select and used
1.4 Different forms of fractions, decimals and percentages are
flexibly used
1.5 Calculation performed with positive and negative numbers
1.6 Numbers are expressed as powers and roots and are used in
calculations
1.7 Calculations done using routine formulas
1.8 Estimation and assessment processes are used to check
outcome
1.9 Mathematical language is used to discuss and explain the
processes, results and implications of the task
2. Use and apply ratios, 2.1 Information regarding ratios, rates and proportions extracted
rates and proportions from a range of workplace tasks and texts
for work 2.2 Mathematical information related to ratios, rate and
proportions is analyzed
2.3 Problem solving processes are used to undertake the task
2.4 Equivalent ratios and rates are simplified
2.5 Quantities are calculated using ratios, rates and proportions
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 2.6 Graphs, charts or tables are constructed to represent ratios,
rates and proportions
2.6 The outcomes reviewed and checked
2.7 Information is record using mathematical language and
symbols
3. Estimate, measure and 3.1 Measurement information embedded in workplace texts and
calculate measurement tasks are extracted and interpreted
for work 3.2 Appropriate workplace measuring equipment are identified
and selected
3.3 Accurate measurements are estimate and made
3.4 The area of 2D shapes including compound shapes are
calculated
3.5 The volume of 3D shapes is calculated using relevant
formulas
3.6 Sides of right angled triangles are calculated using
Pythagoras’ theorem
3.7 conversions are perform between units of measurement
3.8 Problem solving processes are used to undertake the task
3.9 The measurement outcomes are reviewed and checked
3.10 Information is recorded using mathematical language and
symbols appropriate for the task
4. Use detailed maps to 4.1 Different types of maps are identified and interpreted
plan travel routes for 4.2 Key features of maps are identified
work 4.3 Scales are identified and interpreted
4.4 Scales are applied to calculate actual distances
4.5 Positions or locations are determined using directional
information
4.6 Routes are planned by determining directions and calculating
distances, speeds and times
4.7 Information is gathered and identified and relevant factors
related to planning a route checked
4.8 Relevant equipment is select and checked for accuracy and
operational effectiveness
4.9 Task is planned and recorded using specialized mathematical
language and symbols appropriate for the task
5. Use geometry to draw 5.1 A range of 2D shapes and 3D shapes and their uses in work
2D shapes and contexts is identified
construct 3D shapes for 5.2 Features of 2D and 3D shapes are named and described
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 work 5.3 Types of angles in 2D and 3D shapes are identified
5.4 Angles are drawn, estimated and measured using geometric
instruments
5.5 Angle properties of 2D shapes are named and identified
5.6 Angle properties are used to evaluate unknown angles in
shapes
5.7 Properties of perpendicular and parallel lines are applied to
shapes
5.8 Understanding and use of symmetry is demonstrated
5.9 Understanding and use of similarity is demonstrated
5.10 The workplace tasks and mathematical processes required
are identified
5.11 2D shapes is drawn for work
5.12 3D shapes is constructed for work
5.13 The outcomes are reviewed and checked
5.14 Specialized mathematical language and symbols
appropriate for the task are used
6. Collect, organize, and 6.1 Workplace issue requiring investigation are identified
interpret statistical data 6.2 Audience / population / sample unit is determined
for work 6.3 Data to be collected is identified
6.4 Data collection method is selected
6.5 Appropriate statistical data is collected and organized
6.6 Data is illustrated in appropriate formats
6.7 The effectiveness of different types of graphs are compared
6.8 The summary statistics for collected data is calculated
6.9 The results / findings are interpreted
6.10 Data is checked to ensure that it meets the expected results
and content
6.11 Information from the results including tables, graphs and
summary statistics is extracted and interpreted
6.12 Mathematical language and symbols are used to report
results of investigation
7. Use routine formula and 7.1 Understanding of informal and symbolic notation,
algebraic expressions representation and conventions of algebraic expressions is
for work demonstrated
7.2 Simple algebraic expressions and equations are developed
7.3 Operate on algebraic expressions
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 7.4 Algebraic expressions are simplified
7.5 Substitution into simple routine equations is done
7.6 Routine formulas used for work tasks are identified and
comprehended
7.7 Routine formulas are evaluate by substitution
7.8 Routine formulas transposed
7.9 Appropriate formulas are identified and used for work
related tasks
7.10Outcomes are checked and result of calculation used
8. Use common functions 8.1 Required numerical information to perform tasks is located
of a scientific 8.2 The order of operations and function keys necessary to solve
calculator for work mathematical calculation are determined
8.3 Function keys on a scientific calculator are identified and
used
8.4 Estimations are referred to check reasonableness of problem
solving process
8.5 Appropriate mathematical language, symbols and
conventions are used to report results

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Geometry May  Scale drawing
include but not  Triangles
limited to:  Simple solid
 Round
 Square
 Rectangular
 Triangle
 Sphere
 Cylinder
 Cube
 Polygons
 Cuboids
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REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Applying Fundamental operations (addition, subtraction, division, multiplication)
 Using calculator
 Using different measuring tools

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Types of common shapes
 Differentiation between two dimensional shapes / objects
 Formulae for calculating area and volume
 Types and purpose of measuring instruments
 Units of measurement and abbreviations
 Fundamental operations (addition, subtraction, division, multiplication)
 Rounding techniques
 Types of fractions
 Different types of tables and graphs
 Meaning of graphs, such as increasing, decreasing, and constant value
 Preparation of basic data, tables & graphs

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Competency
1. 1 Applied a wide range of mathematical calculations
for work
1. 2 Used and applied ratios, rates and proportions for
work
1. 3 Estimated, measured and calculated measurement for
work Used detailed maps to plan travel routes for work
1. 4 Used detailed maps to plan travel routes for work
1. 5 Used geometry to draw 2D shapes and construct 3D
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 shapes for work
1. 6 Collected, organized, and interpreted statistical data
for work
1. 7 Used routine formula and algebraic expressions for
work
1. 8 Used common functions of a scientific calculator for
work
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications
2.1 Access to relevant workplace or appropriately simulated
environment where assessment can take place
2.2 Materials relevant to the proposed activity or tasks
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment
3.1 Direct Observation/Demonstration with Oral
Questioning
3.2 Written Examination

4. Context of Competency may be assessed individually in the actual

Assessment workplace or through accredited institution

5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the

information for industry sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

DEMONSTRATE DIGITAL LITERACY

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/03/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required to effectively use digital devices such as
smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs. It entails identifying and using digital devices
such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs for purposes of communication, work
performance and management at the work place.
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ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required level of
outcomes which make performance for each of the elements.
up workplace function Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range

1. Identify 1.1 Concepts of ICT are determined in accordance with computer

appropriate equipment
computer software 1.2 Classifications of computers are determined in accordance with
and hardware manufacturers specification
1.3 Appropriate computer software is identified according to
manufacturer’s specification
1.4 Appropriate computer hardware is identified according to
manufacturer’s specification
1.5 Functions and commands of operating system are determined in
accordance with manufacturer’s specification
2. Apply security 2.1 Data security and privacy are classified in accordance with the
measures to data, prevailing technology
hardware, 2.2 Security threats reidentified and control measures are applied
software in in accordance with laws governing protection of ICT
automated 2.3 Computer threats and crimes are detected.
environment 2.4 Protection against computer crimes is undertaken in accordance
with laws governing protection of ICT
3. Apply computer 3.1 Word processing concepts are applied in resolving workplace
software in tasks, report writing and documentation
solving tasks 3.2 Word processing utilities are applied in accordance with
workplace procedures
3.3 Worksheet layout is prepared in accordance with work
procedures
3.4 Worksheet is build and data manipulated in the worksheet in
accordance with workplace procedures
3.5 Continuous data manipulated on worksheet is undertaken in
accordance with work requirements
3.6 Database design and manipulation is undertaken in accordance
with office procedures
3.7 Data sorting, indexing, storage, retrieval and security is
provided in accordance with workplace procedures
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 4. Apply internet and 4.1 Electronic mail addresses are opened and applied in workplace
email in communication in accordance with office policy
communication at 4.2 Office internet functions are defined and executed in accordance
workplace with office procedures
4.3 Network configuration is determined in accordance with office
operations procedures
4.4 Official World Wide Web is installed and managed according to
workplace procedures
5. Apply Desktop 5.1 Desktop publishing functions and tools are identified in
publishing in accordance with manufactures specifications
official 5.2 Desktop publishing tools are developed in accordance with
assignments work requirements
5.3 Desktop publishing tools are applied in accordance with
workplace requirements
5.4 Typeset work is enhanced in accordance with workplace
standards
6. Prepare 6.1 Types of presentation packages are identified in accordance
presentation with office requirements
packages 6.2 Slides are created and formulated in accordance with workplace
procedures
6.3 Slides are edited and run in accordance with work procedures
6.4 Slides and handouts are printed according to work requirements

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Appropriate A collection of instructions or computer tools that enable the
computer software user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks.
may include but not
limited to:
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 2. Appropriate Collection of physical parts of a computer system such as;
computer hardware  Computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse
may include but not  All the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk
limited to: drive, motherboard and video card

3. Data security and  Confidentiality of data

privacy may include  Cloud computing
but not limited to:  Integrity -but-curious data surfing
4. Security and control  Counter measures against cyber terrorism
measures may  Risk reduction
include but not  Cyber threat issues
limited to:  Risk management
 Pass-wording
5. Security threats may  Cyber terrorism
include but not  Hacking
limited to:
6. Word processing  Using a special program to create, edit and print documents
concepts may
include but not
limited to:
7. Network  Organizing and maintaining information on the components
configuration may of a computer network
include but not
limited to:

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Analytical skills
 Interpretation
 Typing
 Communication

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  Computing (applying fundamental operations such as addition, subtraction, division and
multiplication)
 Using calculator
 Basic ICT skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Software concept
 Functions of computer software and hardware
 Data security and privacy
 Computer security threats and control measures
 Technology underlying cyber-attacks and networks
 Cyber terrorism
 Computer crimes
 Detection and protection of computer crimes
 Laws governing protection of ICT
 Word processing;
 Functions and concepts of word processing.
 Documents and tables creation and manipulations
 Mail merging
 Word processing utilities
 Spread sheets;
 Meaning, formulae, function and charts, uses and layout
 Data formulation, manipulation and application to cells

 Database;
 Database design, data manipulation, sorting, indexing, storage
retrieval and security
 Desktop publishing;
 Designing and developing desktop publishing tools
 Manipulation of desktop publishing tools
 Enhancement of typeset work and printing documents
 Presentation Packages;
 Types of presentation Packages
 Creating, formulating, running, editing, printing and presenting
slides and handouts
 Networking and Internet;
 Computer networking and internet.
 Electronic mail and world wide web
 Emerging trends and issues in ICT;
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  Identify and integrate emerging trends and issues in ICT
 Challenges posed by emerging trends and issues

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency 1.1 Identified and controlled security threats
1.2 Detected and protected computer crimes
1.3 Applied word processing in office tasks
1.4 Designed, prepared work sheet and applied data to the cells in
accordance to workplace procedures
1.5 Opened electronic mail for office communication as per
workplace procedure
1.6 Installed internet and World Wide Web for office tasks in
accordance with office procedures
1.7 Integrated emerging issues in computer ICT applications
1.8 Applied laws governing protection of ICT
2. Resource 2.1 Tablets
Implications 2.2 Laptops and
2.3 Desktop PCs
2.4 Desktop computer
2.5 Lap top
2.6 Calculator
2.7 Internet
2.8 Smart phone
2.9 Operations Manuals
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Written Test
3.2 Demonstration
3.3 Practical assignment
3.4 Interview/Oral Questioning
3.5 Demonstration
4. Context of Competency may be assessed in an off and on the job setting
Assessment
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment
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 DEMONSTRATE UNDERSTANDING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/04/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required to demonstrate understanding of entrepreneurship. It
involves demonstrating understanding of an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship and self-
employment. It also involves identifying entrepreneurship opportunities, creating entrepreneurial
awareness, applying entrepreneurial motivation and developing business innovative strategies.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
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ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function required level of performance for each of the elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1.1 Entrepreneurs and Business persons are
1. Demonstrate understanding distinguished as per principles of
of an Entrepreneur entrepreneurship
1.2 Types of entrepreneurs are identified as per
principles of entrepreneurship
1.3 Ways of becoming an Entrepreneur are
identified as per principles of Entrepreneurship
1.4 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs are identified
as per principles of Entrepreneurship
1.5 Factors affecting Entrepreneurship
development are explored as per principles of
Entrepreneurship
2.1 Entrepreneurship and self-employment are
2. Demonstrate understanding distinguished as per principles of
of Entrepreneurship and self- entrepreneurship
employment 2.2 Importance of self-employment is analysed
based on business procedures and strategies
2.3 Requirements for entry into self-employment
are identified according to business procedures
and strategies
2.4 Role of an Entrepreneur in business is
determined according to business procedures
and strategies
2.5 Contributions of Entrepreneurs to National
development are identified as per business
procedures and strategies
2.6 Entrepreneurship culture in Kenya is explored
as per business procedures and strategies
2.7 Born or made Entrepreneurs are distinguished
as per entrepreneurial traits
3.1 Sources of business ideas are identified as per
3. Identify Entrepreneurship business procedures and strategies
opportunities 3.2 Business ideas and opportunities are generated

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 as per business procedures and strategies
3.3 Business life cycle is analysed as per business
procedures and strategies
3.4 Legal aspects of business are identified as per
procedures and strategies
3.5 Product demand is assessed as per market
strategies
3.6 Types of business environment are identified
and evaluated as per business procedures
3.7 Factors to consider when evaluating business
environment are explored based on business
procedure and strategies
3.8 Technology in business is incorporated as per
best practice
4.1 Forms of businesses are explored as per
4. Create entrepreneurial business procedures and strategies
awareness 4.2 Sources of business finance are identified as
per business procedures and strategies
4.3 Factors in selecting source of business finance
are identified as per business procedures and
strategies
4.4 Governing policies on Small Scale Enterprises
(SSEs) are determined as per business
procedures and strategies
4.5 Problems of starting and operating SSEs are
explored as per business procedures and
strategies

5. Apply entrepreneurial 5.1 Internal and external motivation factors are

motivation determined in accordance with motivational
theories
5.2 Self-assessment is carried out as per
entrepreneurial orientation
5.3 Effective communications are carried out in
accordance with communication principles
5.4 Entrepreneurial motivation is applied as per
motivational theories

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 6. Develop innovative business 6.1 Business innovation strategies are determined
strategies in accordance with the organization strategies
6.2 Creativity in business development is
demonstrated in accordance with business
strategies
6.3 Innovative business strategies are developed
as per business principles
6.4 Linkages with other entrepreneurs are created
as per best practice
6.5 ICT is incorporated in business growth and
development as per best practice

7. Develop Business Plan 7.1 Identified Business is described as per business

procedures and strategies
7.2 Marketing plan is developed as per business
plan format
7.3 Organizational/Management plan is prepared in
accordance with business plan format
7.4 Production/operation plan in accordance with
business plan format
7.5 Financial plan is prepared in accordance with
the business plan format
7.6 Executive summary is prepared in accordance
with business plan format
7.7 Business plan is presented as per best practice

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range

1. Types of entrepreneurs but not limited  Innovators

to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators

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 2. Principles of Entrepreneurship but not  Visionary
limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious
3. Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative
include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented
4. Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills
employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure
5. Internal motivation include but not  Interest
limited to:  Passion
 Freedom
 Prestige
6. Business environment include but not  External
limited to:  Internal
 Intermediate
7. Forms of businesses include but not  Sole proprietorship
limited to:  Partnership
 Limited companies
 Cooperatives
8. Governing policies include but not  Increasing scope for finance
limited to:  Promoting cooperation between
entrepreneurs and private sector

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  Reducing regulatory burden on
entrepreneurs
 Developing IT tools for entrepreneurs
9. External motivation include but not  Rewards
limited to:  Punishment
 Enabling environment
 Government policies
10. Entrepreneurial orientation include but  Passion
not limited to:  Interest
 Hobbies
 Skills
11. Innovative business strategies include  New products
but not limited to:  New methods of production
 New markets
 New sources of supplies
 Change in industrialization
12. Communication principles include but  Feed back
not limited to:  Attention
 Clarity
 Timeliness
 Adequacy
 Consistency
 Informality
13. Motivational theories include but not  Marslows theory
limited to:  McClelland theory
 Fredrick Tylors theory

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Assessing a range of alternative products and strategies
 Critically analyzing information, summarizing and making sense of previous and current
market trends
 Identifying changing consumer preferences and demographics
 Thinking “outside the box”
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 Ensuring quality consistency
 Reducing lead time to product/service delivery
 Management
 Using formal problem-solving procedures, e. g., root-cause analysis, six sigmas
 Communication
 Applying motivational principles, e. g., positive stroking, behavior modification
 Assessing range of alternatives rather than choosing the easiest option
 Achieving ownership and credibility for the enterprise vision
 Critically analyzing information, summarizing and making sense of previous and current
market trends
 Developing solutions and practical strategies which are “outside the box”

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Entrepreneurial competencies
 Decision making
 Business communication
 Change management
 Coping with competition
 Risk taking
 Net working
 Time management
 Leadership
 Factors affecting entrepreneurship development
 Principles of Entrepreneurship
 Features and benefits of common operational practices, e. g., continuous improvement
(kaizen), waste elimination,
 Conflict resolution
 Health, safety and environment (HSE) principles and requirements
 Customer care strategies
 Basic financial management
 Business strategic planning
 Impact of change on individuals, groups and industries
 Government and regulatory processes
 Local and international market trends
 Product promotion strategies
 Market and feasibility studies
 Government and regulatory processes
 Local and international business environment
 Concepts of change management
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 Relevant developments in other industries
 Regional/ County business expansion strategies
 Innovation in business

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competency 1.1 Distinguished entrepreneurs and business persons correctly
1.2 Identified ways of becoming an entrepreneur appropriately
1.3 Explored factors affecting entrepreneurship development
appropriately
1.4 Analysed importance of self-employment accurately
1.5 Identified requirements for entry into self-employment
correctly
1.6 Identified sources of business ideas correctly
1.7 Generated Business ideas and opportunities correctly
1.8 Analysed business life cycle accurately
1.9 Identified legal aspects of business correctly
1.10 Assessed product demand accurately
1.11 Determined Internal and external motivation factors
appropriately
1.12 Carried out communications effectively
1.13 Identified sources of business finance correctly
1.14 Determined Governing policy on small scale enterprise
appropriately
1.15 Explored problems of starting and operating SSEs
effectively
1.16 Developed Marketing, Organizational/Management,
Production/Operation and Financial plans correctly
1.17 Prepared executive summary correctly
1.18 Determined business innovative strategies appropriately
1.19 Presented business plan effectively
2. Resource Implications The following resources should be provided:
2.1 Check list
2.2 Research tools (Questionnaire, interview guide, observation
schedule)
2.3 Materials, tools, equipment and machines relevant

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 3. Methods of 3.1 Written tests
Assessment 3.2 Observation
3.3 Oral questions
3.4 Third party report
3.5 Interviews
3.6 Case problems
3.7 Portfolio

4. Context of Assessment 4.1 Competency may be assessed in workplace or in a

simulated workplace setting
4.2 Assessment shall be observed while tasks are being
undertaken whether individually or in-group
5. Guidance information Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
for assessment sector, workplace and job role is recommended.

DEMONSTRATE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/05/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTON
This unit covers competencies required to demonstrate employability skills. It involves
conducting self-management, demonstrating interpersonal communication, critical safe work
habits, leading a workplace team, planning and organizing work, maintaining professional
growth and development, demonstrating workplace learning, problem solving skills and
managing ethical performance.

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ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required level
outcomes which make up of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range

1. Conduct self- 1.1 Personal vision, mission and goals are formulated based on
management potential and in relation to organization objectives
1.2 Emotions are managed as per workplace requirements
1.3 Individual performance is evaluated and monitored
according to the agreed targets.
1.4 Assertiveness is developed and maintained based on the
requirements of the job.
1.5 Accountability and responsibility for own actions are
demonstrated.
1.6 Self-esteem and a positive self-image are developed and
maintained.
1.7 Time management, attendance and punctuality are observed
as per the organization policy.
1.8 Goals are managed as per the organization’s objective
1.9 Self-strengths and weaknesses are identified as per
personal objectives
1.10 Critics are managed as per personal objectives
2. Demonstrate 2.1 Listening and understanding is demonstrated as per
interpersonal communication policy
communication 2.2 Writing to the needs of the audience is demonstrated as per
communication policy
2.3 Speaking, reading and writing is demonstrated as per
communication policy
2.4 Negotiation skills are demonstrated as per communication
policy
2.5 Empathizing is demonstrated as per the communication
policy
2.6 Numeracy is applied as per the communication policy
2.7 Internal and external customers’ needs are identified and
interpreted as per the communication policy
2.8 Persuasion is demonstrated as per the communication policy
2.9 Communication networks are established as per the SOPs

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 2.10 Information is shared as per communication structure
3. Demonstrate critical 3.1 Stress is managed in accordance with workplace procedures.
safe work habits 3.2 Punctuality and time consciousness is demonstrated in line
with workplace policy.
3.3 Personal objectives are integrated with organization goals
based on organization’s strategic plan.
3.4 Resources are utilized in accordance with workplace policy.
3.5 Work priorities are set in accordance to workplace
procedures.
3.6 Leisure time is recognized in line with organization policy.
3.7 Abstinence from drug and substance abuse is observed as
per workplace policy.
3.8 Awareness of HIV and AIDS is demonstrated in line with
workplace requirements.
3.9 Safety consciousness is demonstrated in the workplace based
on organization safety policy.
3.10 Emerging issues are dealt with in accordance with
organization policy.
4. Lead a workplace 4.1 Performance expectations for the team are set
team 4.2 Duties and responsibilities are assigned in accordance with
the organization policy.
4.3 Team parameters and relationships are identified according
to set rules and regulations.
4.4 Forms of communication in a team are established
according to office policy.
4.5 Communication is carried out as per workplace place policy
and requirements of the job.
4.6 Team performance is supervised
4.7 Feedback on performance is collected and analyzed based on
established team learning process
4.8 Conflicts are resolved between team members in line with
organization rules and regulations.
4.9 Gender mainstreaming is undertaken in accordance with set
regulations.
4.10 Human rights are adhered to in accordance with existing
protocol.
4.11 Healthy relationships are developed and maintained for
harmonious co-existence in line with workplace.
5. Plan and organize 5.1 Task requirements are identified as per the workplace
work objectives
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 5.2 Task is interpreted in accordance with safety (OHS ),
environmental requirements and quality requirements
5.3 Work activity is organized with other involved personnel as
per the SOPs
5.4 Resources are mobilized, allocated and utilized to meet
project goals and deliverables.
5.5 Work activities are monitored and evaluated in line with
organization procedures.
5.6 Job planning is documented in accordance with workplace
requirements.
5.7 Planning and organizing of work activities is reviewed as per
the workplace requirements
5.8 Time is managed achieve workplace set goals and objectives.
6. Maintain 6.1 Personal training needs are identified and assessed in line
professional growth with the requirements of the job.
and development 6.2 Training and career opportunities are identified and
availed based on job requirements.
6.3 Resources for training are mobilized and allocated based
organizations skills needs.
6.4 Licensees and certifications relevant to job and career are
obtained and renewed.
6.5 Personal growth is pursued towards improving the
qualifications set for the profession.
6.6 Work priorities and commitments are managed based on
requirement of the job and workplace policy.
6.7 Recognitions are sought as proof of career advancement in
line with professional requirements.
7. Demonstrate 7.1 Own learning is managed as per workplace policy.
workplace learning 7.2 Learning opportunities are sought and allocated based on job
requirement and in line with organization policy.
7.3 Contribution to the learning community at the workplace is
carried out.
7.4 Range of media for learning are established as per the
training need
7.5 Application of learning is demonstrated in both technical
and non-technical aspects based on requirements of the job
7.6 Enthusiasm for ongoing learning is demonstrated
7.7 Time and effort is invested in learning new skills-based job
requirements
7.8 Willingness to learn in different context is demonstrated
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 based on available learning opportunities arising in the
workplace.
7.9 Awareness of Occupational Health and Safety procedures are
demonstrated in use of technology in the workplace.
7.10 Initiative is taken to create more effective and efficient
processes and procedures in line with workplace policy.
7.11 New systems are developed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of the job.
7.12 Opportunities that are not obvious are identified and
exploited in line with organization objectives.
7.13 Opportunities for performance improvement are
identified proactively in area of work.
7.14 Awareness of personal role in workplace innovation is
demonstrated.
8. Demonstrate problem 8.1 Creative, innovative and practical solutions are developed
solving skills based on the problem
8.2 Independence and initiative in identifying and solving
problems is demonstrated.
8.3 Team problems are solved as per the workplace guidelines
8.4 Problem solving strategies are applied as per the workplace
guidelines
8.5 Problems are analyzed and assumptions tested as per the
context of data and circumstances
9. Manage workplace 9.1 Policies and guidelines are observed as per the workplace
ethics requirements
9.2 Self-worth and profession is exercised in line with personal
goals and organizational policies
9.3 Code of conduct is observed as per the workplace
requirements
9.4 Personal and professional integrity is demonstrated as per the
personal goals
9.5 Commitment to jurisdictional laws is demonstrated as per the
workplace requirements

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Range Variable

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 1. Drug and substance abuse Commonly abused
include but not limited to:  Alcohol
 Tobacco
 Miraa
 Over-the-counter drugs
 Cocaine
 Bhang
 Glue
2. Feedback includes but not  Verbal
limited to:  Written
 Informal
 Formal
3. Relationships includes but not  Man/Woman
limited to:  Trainer/trainee
 Employee/employer
 Client/service provider
 Husband/wife
 Boy/girl
 Parent/child
 Sibling relationships

4. Forms of communication  Written

include but not limited to:  Visual
 Verbal
 Non verbal
 Formal and informal
5. Team includes but not limited  Small work group
to:  Staff in a section/department
 Inter-agency group
6. Personal growth includes but  Growth in the job
not limited to:  Career mobility
 Gains and exposure the job gives
 Net workings
 Benefits that accrue to the individual as a
result of noteworthy performance
7. Personal objectives include  Long term
but not limited to:  Short term
 Broad
 Specific

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 8. Trainings and career  Participation in training programs
opportunities includes but not o Technical
limited to o Supervisory
o Managerial
o Continuing Education
 Serving as Resource Persons in conferences
and workshops
9. Resource include but not  Human
limited to:  Financial
 Technology
o Hardware
o Software
10. Innovation include but not  New ideas
limited to:  Original ideas
 Different ideas
 Methods/procedures
 Processes
 New tools
11. Emerging issues include but  Terrorism
not limited to:  Social media
 National cohesion
 Open offices
12. Range of media for learning  Mentoring
include but not limited to:  peer support and networking
 IT and courses

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Personal hygiene practices
 Intra and Interpersonal skills
 Communication skills
 Knowledge management
 Interpersonal skills
 Critical thinking skills
 Observation skills

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  Organizing skills
 Negotiation skills
 Monitoring skills
 Evaluation skills
 Record keeping skills
 Problem solving skills
 Decision Making skills
 Resource utilization skills
 Resource mobilization skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Work values and ethics
 Company policies
 Company operations, procedures and standards
 Occupational Health and safety procedures
 Fundamental rights at work
 Personal hygiene practices
 Workplace communication
 Concept of time
 Time management
 Decision making
 Types of resources
 Work planning
 Resources and allocating resources
 Organizing work
 Monitoring and evaluation
 Record keeping
 Workplace problems and how to deal with them
 Negotiation
 Assertiveness
 Team work
 Gender mainstreaming
 HIV and AIDS
 Drug and substance abuse
 Leadership
 Safe work habits
 Professional growth and development
 Technology in the workplace
 Learning
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  Creativity
 Innovation
 Emerging issues
o Social media
o Terrorism
o National cohesion

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. 2. Critical aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency
1.1 Conducted self-management
1.2 Demonstrated interpersonal communication
1.3 Demonstrated critical safe work habits
1.4 Demonstrated the ability to lead a workplace team
1.5 Planned and organized work
1.6 Maintained professional growth and development
1.7 Demonstrated workplace learning
1.8 Demonstrated problem solving skills
1.9 Demonstrated the ability to manage ethical performance
3. 4. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications
2.1 Case studies/scenarios
5. 6. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment
 Oral Interview
 Observation
 Third Party Reports
 Written
7. 8. Context of 8.1 Competency may be assessed in workplace or in a simulated
Assessment workplace setting
8.2 Assessment shall be observed while tasks are being undertaken
whether individually or in-group
9. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 DEMONSTRATE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/06/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to follow procedures for environmental hazard
control, follow procedures for environmental pollution control, comply with workplace
sustainable resource use, evaluate current practices in relation to resource usage, develop and
adhere to environmental protection principles/strategies/guidelines, analyze resource use,
develop resource conservation plans and implement selected plans.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make up level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Control environmental 1.1 Storage methods for environmentally hazardous materials
hazard are strictly followed according to environmental regulations

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 and OSHS.
1.2 Disposal methods of hazardous wastes are followed at all
times according to environmental regulations and OSHS.
1.3 PPE is used according to OSHS.
2. Control environmental 2.1 Environmental pollution control measures are compiled
Pollution control following standard protocol.
2.2 Procedures for solid waste management are observed
according Environmental Management and Coordination
Act 1999
2.3 Methods for minimizing noise pollution complied
following environmental regulations.
3. Demonstrate sustainable 3.1 Methods for minimizing wastage are complied with.
resource use 3.2 Waste management procedures are employed following
principles of 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)
3.3 Methods for economizing or reducing resource
consumption are practiced.
4. Evaluate current practices 4.1 Information on resource efficiency systems and
in relation to resource procedures are collected and provided to the work group
usage where appropriate.
4.2 Current resource usage is measured and recorded by
members of the work group.
4.3 Current purchasing strategies are analyzed and recorded
according to industry procedures.
4.4 Current work processes to access information and data is
analyzed following enterprise protocol.
5. Identify Environmental 5.1 Environmental legislations/conventions and local
legislations/conventions ordinances are identified according to the different
for environmental concerns environmental aspects/impact
5.2 Industrial standard/environmental practices are described
according to the different environmental concerns
6. Implement specific 6.1 Programs/Activities are identified according to
environmental programs organizations policies and guidelines.
6.2 Individual roles/responsibilities are determined and
performed based on the activities identified.
6.3 Problems/constraints encountered are resolved in
accordance with organizations’ policies and guidelines
6.4 Stakeholders are consulted based on company guidelines
7. Monitor activities on 7.1 Activities are periodically monitored and Evaluated

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 Environmental according to the objectives of the environmental program
protection/Programs 7.2 Feedback from stakeholders are gathered and considered
in Proposing enhancements to the program based on
consultations
7.3 Data gathered are analyzed based on Evaluation
requirements
7.4 Recommendations are submitted based on the findings
7.5 Management support systems are set/established to
sustain and enhance the program
7.6 Environmental incidents are monitored and reported to
concerned/proper authorities
8. Analyze resource use 8.1. All resource consuming processes are Identified
8.2. Quantity and nature of Resource consumed is determined
8.3. Resource flow is analyzed through different parts of
the process.
8.4. Wastes are classified for possible source of resources.
9. Develop resource 9.1. Efficiency of use/conversion of resources is determined
Conservation plans following industry protocol.
9.2. Causes of low efficiency of use of resources are
Determined based on industry protocol.
9.3. Plans for increasing the efficiency of resource use are
developed based on findings.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. PPE May include but are  Mask
not limited to  Gloves
 Goggles
 Safety hat
 Overall
 Hearing protector

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 2. Environmental pollution  Methods for minimizing or stopping spread and
control measures may ingestion of airborne particles
include but are not  Methods for minimizing or stopping spread and
limited to: ingestion of gases and fumes
 2.4 Methods for minimizing or stopping spread and
ingestion of liquid wastes
3. Wastes may include but  Unnecessary waste
are not limited to:  Necessary waste

4. Waste management  Sorting

Procedures may include  Storing of items
but are not limited to:  Recycling of items
 4.3 Disposal of items
5. Resources may include  Electric
but are not limited to:  Water
 Fuel
 Telecommunications
 Supplies
 Materials
6. Workplace  Biological hazards
environmental hazards  Chemical and dust hazards
may include but are not  Physical hazards
limited to:

7. Organizational systems  Supply chain, procurement and purchasing

and procedures may  Quality assurance
include but are not  Making recommendations and seeking approvals
limited to:

8. Legislations/Conventions  EMCA 1999

may include but are not  Montreal Protocol
limited to:  Kyoto Protocol

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 9. Environmental  Air pollution
aspects/impacts may  Water pollution
include but are not  Noise pollution
limited to:  Solid waste
 Flood control
 Deforestation/Denudation
 Radiation/Nuclear /Radio Frequency/ Microwaves
 Situation
 Soil erosion (e.g. Quarrying, Mining, etc.)
 Coral reef/marine life protection
10. Industrial standards /  ISO standards
Environmental practices  Company environmental management systems
may include but are not  (EMS)
limited to:
11. Periodic may include but  hourly
are not limited to:  daily
 weekly
 monthly
 quarterly
 yearly
12. Programs/Activities may  Waste disposal (on-site and off-site)
include but are not  Repair and maintenance of equipment
limited to:  Treatment and disposal operations
 Clean-up activities
 Laboratory and analytical test
 Monitoring and evaluation
 Environmental advocacy programs

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Following storage methods of environmentally hazardous materials
 Following disposal methods of hazardous wastes
 Using PPE
 Practicing OSHS

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  Complying environmental pollution control
 Observing solid waste management
 Complying methods of minimizing noise Pollution
 Complying methods of minimizing wastage
 Employing waste management procedures
 Economizing resource consumption
 Listing of resources used
 Measuring current usage of resources
 Identifying and reporting workplace environmental hazards
 Conveying all environmental issues
 Following environmental regulations
 Identifying environmental regulations
 Assessing procedures for assessing compliance
 Collecting information on environmental and resource efficiency systems and procedures,
and Providing information to the work group
 Measuring and recording current resource usage
 Analysing and recording current purchasing strategies.
 Analysing current work processes to access information and data and Assisting
identifying areas for improvement
 Analysing resource flow
 Determining efficiency of use/conversion of resources
 Determining causes of low efficiency of use
 Developing plans for increasing the efficiency of resource use
 Checking resource use plans
 Complying to regulations/licensing requirements
 Determining benefit/cost of plans
 Ranking proposals based on benefit/cost compared to limited resources
 Checking proposals meet regulatory requirements
 Monitoring implementation
 Making adjustments to plan and implementation
 checking new resource usage

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Storage methods of environmentally hazardous materials
 Disposal methods of hazardous wastes
 Usage of PPE Environmental regulations
 OSHS
 Types of pollution
 Environmental pollution control measures
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  Different solid wastes
 Solid waste management
 Different noise pollution
 Methods of minimizing noise pollution
 Methods of minimizing wstage
 Waste management procedures
 Economizing of resource consumption
 Principle of 3Rs
 Types of resources
 Techniques in measuring current usage of resources
 Calculating current usage of resources
 Types of workplace environmental hazards
 Environmental regulations
 Environmental regulations applying to the enterprise.
 Procedures for assessing compliance with environmental regulations.
 Collection of information on environmental and resource efficiency systems and
procedures,
 Measurement and recording of current resource usage
 Analysis and recording of current purchasing strategies.
 Analysis current work processes to access information and data Analysis of data and
information
 Identification of areas for improvement
 Resource consuming processes
 Determination of quantity and nature of resource consumed
 Analysis of resource flow of different parts of the resource flow process
 Use/conversion of resources
 Causes of low efficiency of use
 Increasing the efficiency of resource use
 Inspection of resource use plans
 Regulations/licensing requirements
 Determine benefit/cost for alternative resource sources
 Benefit/costs for different alternatives
 Components of proposals
 Criteria on ranking proposals
 Regulatory requirements
 Proposals for improving resource efficiency
 Implementation of resource efficiency plans
 Procedures in monitor implementation
 Adjustments of implementation plan

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  Inspection of new resource usage

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Controlled environmental hazard
Competency 1.2 Controlled environmental pollution
1.3 Demonstrated sustainable resource use
1.4 Evaluated current practices in relation to resource usage
1.5 Demonstrated knowledge of environmental legislations and local
ordinances according to the different environmental issues
/concerns.
1.6 Described industrial standard environmental practices according to
the different environmental issues/concerns.
1.7 Resolved problems/ constraints encountered based on management
standard procedures
1.8 Implemented and monitored environmental practices on a periodic
basis as per company guidelines
1.9 Recommended solutions for the improvement of the program
1.10 Monitored and reported to proper authorities any environmental
incidents
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Workplace with storage facilities
2.2 Tools, materials and equipment relevant to the tasks (e.g. Cleaning
tools, cleaning materials, trash bags)
2.3 PPE, manuals and references
2.4 Legislation, policies, procedures, protocols and local ordinances
relating to environmental protection
2.5 Case studies/scenarios relating to environmental Protection
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Demonstration
3.2 Oral questioning
3.3 Written examination
3.4 Interview/Third Party Reports
3.5 Portfolio (citations/awards from GOs and NGOs, certificate of
training – local and abroad)
3.6 Simulations and role-play

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4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a combination of
Assessment these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in a closely simulated
workplace environment.
5 Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 DEMONSTRATE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PRACTICES

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/BC/07/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to lead the implementation of workplace’s safety
and health program, procedures and policies/guidelines.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make up level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Identify workplace hazards 1.1 Hazards in the workplace and/or its indicators of its
and risk presence, are identified
1.2 Evaluation and/or work environment measurements of
OSH hazards/risk existing in the workplace is conducted
by
Authorized personnel or agency
1.3 OSH issues and/or concerns raised by workers are
Gathered
2. Identify and implement 2.1 Prevention and control measures, including use of
appropriate control safety gears / PPE (personal protective equipment) for
measures specific hazards
identified and implemented
2.2 Appropriate risk controls based on result of OSH hazard
evaluation is recommended.
2.3 Contingency measures, including emergency procedures
during workplace incidents and emergencies are
recognized and established in accordance with
organization procedures.
3. Implement OSH programs, 3.1 Information to work team about company OSH program,
procedures and policies/ procedures and policies/guidelines are provided
guidelines 3.2 Implementation of OSH procedures and policies/
guidelines are participated
3.3 Team members are trained and advised on OSH standards

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 and procedures
3.4 Procedures for maintaining OSH-related records are
implemented

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Hazards may include but  Physical hazards – impact, illumination, pressure,
are not limited to: noise,
vibration, extreme temperature, radiation
 Biological hazards- bacteria, viruses, plants, parasites,
mites, molds, fungi, insects
 Chemical hazards – dusts, fibers, mists, fumes, smoke,
gasses, vapors
 Ergonomics
Psychological factors – over exertion/ excessive force,
awkward/static positions, fatigue, direct pressure,
varying metabolic cycles
Physiological factors – monotony, personal
relationship, work out cycle
 Safety hazards (unsafe workplace condition) –
confined space, excavations, falling objects, gas
leaks, electrical, poor storage of materials and
waste, spillage, waste and debris
 Unsafe workers’ act (Smoking in off-limited areas,
Substance and alcohol abuse at work)
2. Indicators may include  Increased of incidents of accidents, injuries
but are not limited to:  Increased occurrence of sickness or health complaints/
symptoms
 Common complaints of workers related to OSH
 High absenteeism for work-related reasons

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 3. Evaluation and/or work  Health Audit
environment  Safety Audit
measurements may  Work Safety and Health Evaluation
include but are not  Work Environment Measurements of Physical and
limited to: Chemical
 Hazards
4. OSH issues and/or  Workers’ experience/observance on presence of work
concerns may include but hazards
are not limited to:  Unsafe/unhealthy administrative arrangements
(prolonged work hours, no break time, constant
overtime, scheduling of tasks)
 Reasons for compliance/non-compliance to use of
PPEs or other OSH procedures/policies/guidelines
5. Prevention and control  Eliminate the hazard (i.e., get rid of the dangerous
measures may include but machine
are not limited to:  Isolate the hazard (i.e. keep the machine in a closed
room and operate it remotely; barricade an unsafe area
off)
 Substitute the hazard with a safer alternative (i.e.,
replace the machine with a safer one)
 Use administrative controls to reduce the risk (i.e. give
trainings on how to use equipment safely; OSH-related
topics, issue warning signages, rotation/shifting work
schedule)
 Use engineering controls to reduce the risk (i.e. use
safety guards to machine)
 Use personal protective equipment
 Safety, Health and Work Environment Evaluation
 Periodic and/or special medical examinations of
workers

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 6. Safety gears /PPE  Arm/Hand guard, gloves
(Personal Protective  Eye protection (goggles, shield)
Equipments) may include  Hearing protection (ear muffs, ear plugs)
but are not limited to:  Hair Net/cap/bonnet
 Hard hat
 Face protection (mask, shield)
 Apron/Gown/coverall/jump suit
 Anti-static suits
 High-visibility reflective vest
7. Appropriate risk controls Appropriate risk controls in order of impact are as follows:
 Eliminate the hazard altogether (i.e., get rid of the
dangerous machine)
 Isolate the hazard from anyone who could be harmed
(i.e., keep the machine in a closed room and operate it
remotely; barricade an unsafe area off)
 Substitute the hazard with a safer alternative (i.e.,
replace the machine with a safer one)
 Use administrative controls to reduce the risk (i.e., train
workers how to use equipment safely; train workers
about the risks of harassment; issue signage)
 Use engineering controls to reduce the risk (i.e., attach
guards to the machine to protect users)
 Use personal protective equipment (i.e., wear
 gloves and goggles when using the machine)
8. Contingency measures  Evacuation
may include but are not  Isolation
limited to:  Decontamination
 (Calling designed) emergency personnel
9. Emergency procedures  Fire drill
may include but are not  Earthquake drill
limited to:  Basic life support/CPR
 First aid
 Spillage control
 Decontamination of chemical and toxic
 Disaster preparedness/management
 Use of fire-extinguisher

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 10. Incidents and  Chemical spills
emergencies may  Equipment/vehicle accidents
include but are not  Explosion
limited to:  Fire
 Gas leak
 Injury to personnel
 Structural collapse
 Toxic and/or flammable vapors emission.
11. OSH-related Records  Medical/Health records
may include but are not  Incident/accident reports
limited to:  Sickness notifications/sick leave application
 OSH-related trainings obtained

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Skills on preliminary identification of workplace hazards/risks
 Knowledge management
 Critical thinking skills
 Observation skills
 Coordinating skills
 Communication skills
 Interpersonal skills
 Troubleshooting skills
 Presentation skills
 Training skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 General OSH Principles
 Occupational hazards/risks recognition
 OSH organizations providing services on OSH evaluation and/or work environment
measurements (WEM)
 National OSH regulations; company OSH policies and protocols
 Systematic gathering of OSH issues and concerns
 General OSH principles

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  National OSH regulations
 Company OSH and recording protocols, procedures and policies/guidelines
 Training and/or counseling methodologies and strategies

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Identifies hazards/risks in the workplace and/or its indicators
1.2 Requests for evaluation and/or work environment measurements of
OSH hazards/risk in the workplace
1.3 Gathers OSH issues and/or concerns raised by workers
1.4 Identifies and implements prevention and control measures,
including use of PPE (personal protective equipment) for specific
hazards
1.5 Recommends appropriate risk controls based on result of OSH
hazard evaluation and OSH issues gathered
1.6 Establish contingency measures, including emergency procedures in
accordance with organization procedures
1.7 Provides information to work team about company OSH program,
procedures and policies/guidelines
1.8 Participates in the implementation of OSH procedures and
policies/guidelines
1.9 Trains and advises team members on OSH standards and procedures
1.10 Implements procedures for maintaining OSH-related records
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Workplace or assessment location
2.2 OSH personal records
2.3 PPE
2.4 Health records
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Portfolio Assessment
3.2 Interview
3.3 Case Study/Situation
3.4 Observation/Demonstration and oral questioning
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a combination of
Assessment these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in a closely simulated

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 workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY

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 APPLY STANDARD LABORATORY PRACTICES

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CC/01/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply standard laboratory practices. It involves
maintaining laboratory safety, maintaining laboratory equipment and apparatus and preparing
laboratory reagents and chemicals. It also includes maintaining laboratory hygiene, preparing
laboratory water and managing human and material resources.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make up level of performance for each of the elements (to be stated in
workplace function (to be passive voice)
stated in active) Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Maintain laboratory 1.1 Sources of laboratory hazards and risks are identified based
safety on laboratory safety requirements
1.2 Laboratory safety procedures are developed according to
science laboratory standards
1.3 Laboratory hazards are handled in accordance with safety
procedures
1.4 Laboratory chemicals and reagents are handled and stored as
per standard requirements
1.5 Harmful chemicals are identified and handled according to
laboratory safety requirements
1.6 Types of injuries and their treatment are identified and
determined according to standard laboratory safety
1.7 First aid procedures are reviewed and updated periodically
according to safety guidelines
2. Maintain science 2.1 Laboratory equipment and apparatus are identified based
laboratory equipment on laboratory analysis requirements
and apparatus 2.2 Preparation of laboratory ware is carried out based on
standard manuals requirements
2.3 Preventive maintenance of laboratory equipment is
undertaken according to standard procedures
3. Prepare laboratory 3.1 Laboratory reagents are determined according to science

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 reagents and laboratory tests and standard procedures
chemicals 3.2 Methods of preparation are identified and used based on
standard procedures
3.3 Personal protective equipment is selected and used as per
laboratory safety requirements
3.4 Laboratory reagents and chemicals are used and stored
according to manufacturer’s instruction and standard
requirements
3.5 Records are kept and maintained based on standard
requirements
4. Maintain laboratory 4.1 Laboratory working areas, benches and equipment are
hygiene routinely decontaminated and cleaned according to set
laboratory procedures
4.2 Laboratory wastes are segregated and disposed as per
standard procedures
4.3 Laboratory records are kept and maintained according to
standard laboratory procedures
5. Prepare laboratory 5.1 Water sources are identified as per science laboratory
water requirements
5.2 Methods of water treatment are identified as per the
standard procedures
5.3 Water treatment is carried out as per the standard procedures
6. Manage laboratory 6.1 Principles of laboratory management are applied as per the
human and material science laboratory standards
resources 6.2 Personal qualities of a laboratory manager are identified as
per science laboratory requirements
6.3 Laboratory store documents are identified and used
appropriately according to science laboratory requirements

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RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

VARIABLE RANGE
1. Sources of laboratory Operational hazards
hazards and risks Fire
include but not limited to: Electrical hazards
Chemical
o Corrosiveness
o Carcinogens
o Radioactive
o Inflammable
o Fuming
o Poisons
o Explosives
Biological hazards
o Microbes
o Poisonous plants
o Poisonous animals

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 2. Laboratory safety Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
includes but not limited to Proper handling
Proper choice of glass
Flame polishing
Acid dilution procedures
Laboratory rules
Regular checks of regulating devices, gauges and
valves
Proper storage of chemicals
Precautions against naked flames
Firefighting materials and equipment
Proper handling of potentially explosive chemicals
Proper storage of radioactive materials
Proper wiring
Good housekeeping
o General cleanliness
o Personal cleanliness
3. Laboratory equipment and Glass slides
apparatus includes but not Test tubes
limited to: Microscope
Microtome
Centrifuge
Autoclave
Safety devices
Refrigerators
Freezers
Incubators
4. Preparation of laboratory Cleaning
ware includes but not o Physical
limited to: o Chemical
o Biological
Drying

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 5. Preventive maintenance Cleaning
includes but not limited to o Dusting
o Wiping
Lubrication
Storage
Oiling and greasing
6. Laboratory reagents Molar solutions
include but not limited to: Normal solutions
Part per million
Percentage solutions
Fixatives
7. Methods of water treatment Sedimentation
include but not limited to: Filtration
Distillation
De- ionization
Reverse osmosis
8. Principles of laboratory Unity of command
management include but Scalar chain
not limited to: Delegation of authority
Organization structure
9. Laboratory store Inventory
documents include but not Catalogue
limited to: Quotation
Local Purchase order
Invoice
Bin cards

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Technical
 Maintenance
 Computer
 Troubleshooting
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  Analytical
 Reporting
 First aid
 Communication
 Observation
 Interpretation
 Critical thinking
 Problem solving

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Laboratory ware and equipment maintenance
 Science laboratory safety
 Quantitative and qualitative analysis
 Laboratory safety designs
 Laboratory waste disposal
 Management
 Laboratory ethical standards
 Good laboratory practices
 Record maintenance
 Laboratory hygiene

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EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Identified sources of laboratory hazards
Competency 1.2 Developed laboratory safety procedures
1.3 Reviewed and periodically updated first aid procedures
1.4 Maintained science laboratory equipment
1.5 Operated science laboratory equipment accordingly
1.6 Prepared, used and stored laboratory reagents and chemicals
appropriately
1.7 Maintained laboratory hygiene
1.8 Prepared laboratory water
1.9 Maintained science laboratory records
1.10 Demonstrated understanding of occupational safety and health
practices (OSHA)
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Well-equipped functional laboratory facility
2.2 Standard laboratory procedures manual
2.3 Laboratory ware and equipment
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Written
3.3 Observation
3.4 Third party
3.5 Case study
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a combination
Assessment of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in a closely
simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information workplace and job role is recommended.
for
assessment

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 APPLY LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CC/02/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit specifies the competencies required to apply laboratory instrumentation. It involves
applying principles of operation of laboratory equipment, applying use of laboratory equipment,
managing care and maintenance of laboratory equipment and applying glass blowing techniques.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required level
outcomes which make up of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range

1. Apply principles of 1.1 Parts of laboratory equipment are identified as per science
operation of laboratory requirements
laboratory equipment 1.2 Functions of laboratory equipment are determined based on
science laboratory requirements
2. Apply use of 2.1 Laboratory samples are prepared as per science laboratory
laboratory equipment requirements
2.2 Laboratory standard samples are prepared as per science
laboratory requirements
2.3 Laboratory equipment are used appropriately as per science
laboratory requirements
3. Manage care and 3.1 Laboratory equipment are dusted and cleaned as per science
maintenance of laboratory requirements
laboratory equipment 3.2 Laboratory equipment are lubricated as per science laboratory
requirements
3.3 Laboratory equipment are stored according to science
laboratory requirements
3.4 Laboratory equipment are regularly calibrated based on
science laboratory standards.
4. Apply glass blowing 4.1 Types of laboratory glass are identified as per science

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 techniques laboratory requirements
4.2 Glass blowing safety measures are observed as per science
laboratory requirements
4.3 Glass blowing tools and equipment are identified and used as
per science laboratory requirements
4.4 Glass apparatus of different sizes and shapes are produced as
per science laboratory procedures

RANGE

This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

Variables Range
1. Laboratory sample  Material to be used for experimental purpose
may include but not  Material to be tested or analyzed
limited to:
2. Laboratory  Microscope
equipment includes  Centrifuge
but not limited to:  Water bath
 Stop watch
 Micrometer screw gauge
 Vernier caliper
 Balances
 pH meter
 Spectrophotometer
 Flame photometer
 Calorimeter
3. Types of laboratory  Soda glass
glass includes but not  Pyrex glass
limited to:  Borosilicate glass
4. Glass blowing tools  Diamond glass cutter
and equipment  Iron wire
include but not  Rimming, bordering and flaring tools
limited to:  Carbon plate
 Annealing oven

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 5. Glass blowing safety  Eye shield
measures include but  Asbestos gloves
not limited to:  Laboratory coat
6. Glass apparatus  Centre bulb tube
includes but not  End bulb tube
limited to:  Y shaped tube
 T shaped tube

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

 Organizing skills
 Analytical skills
 Interpersonal skills
 Communication skills
 Evaluation skills
 Problem solving
 Critical thinking

Required Knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

 Principles of operation
 Glass blowing terminologies
 Units and dimensions

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

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 Competency 1.1 Identified parts of the laboratory equipment
1.2 Determined the functions of laboratory equipment
1.3 Prepared laboratory samples and standards
1.4 Used laboratory equipment appropriately
1.5 Dusted and cleaned laboratory equipment
1.6 Lubricated laboratory equipment
1.7 Stored and calibrated laboratory equipment
1.8 Identified types of laboratory glass
1.9 Observed glass blowing safety measures
1.10 Identified glass blowing tools and equipment
1.11 Produced different sizes and shapes of glass apparatus
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Well-equipped functional laboratory facility
2.2 Standard laboratory procedures manual
2.3 Laboratory ware and equipment
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Written
3.3 Observation
3.4 Third party
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken
in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

CONDUCT SCIENCE LABORATORY RESEARCH

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CC/03/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
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This unit specifies the competencies required to conduct science laboratory research. It involves
preparing for science laboratory research, carrying out science laboratory research and analyzing
the science laboratory research findings. It also includes documenting and disseminating science
laboratory research findings.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT
These are assessable statements which specify the
These describe the key outcomes
required level of performance for each of the elements (to
which make up workplace
be stated in passive voice)
function (to be stated in active)
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Prepare for science laboratory 1.1 Science laboratory research problem is identified
research based on science laboratory practices
1.2 Research objectives are developed according to
research problem
1.3 Research questions are designed based on
research problem
1.4 Research conceptual framework is developed in
accordance with the research methodology
1.5 Research theoretical framework is established in
accordance with the research methodology
1.6 Research proposal is developed
2. Carry out science laboratory 2.1 Scope is determined in accordance with research
research problem and research protocols
2.2 Sample size is determined based on the research
methodology
2.3 Sampling techniques are determined in
accordance with scope and research
methodology
2.4 Research materials are identified based on scope
and research methodology
2.5 Data collection is undertaken in accordance with
research methodology
3. Analyze science laboratory 3.1 Standard data analytical methods are
research findings identified according to standard statistical
requirements
3.2 Validity and reliability are determined in

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 accordance to research methods
3.3 Ethical considerations are determined based on
research methods utilized
3.4 Data analysis techniques are determined in
accordance with data collected
4 Document the science 4.1 Process of research is documented in accordance
laboratory research process with research protocols
and findings 4.2 Conclusions and recommendations of the study are
provided based on the research findings
4.3 Research report is compiled in accordance with
research protocols
5. Disseminate science laboratory 5.1 Stakeholders in science research are determined in
research accordance with the research purpose
5.2 Appropriate methods for dissemination are
determined as per dissemination protocols

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

VARIABLE RANGE
1. Conceptual framework includes  Analytical tool
but not limited to:  A diagram that shows causes
and effects of a problem
Diagram that shows relationship between
independent and dependent variables

2. Theoretical framework includes Structure that can hold or support a

but not limited to: theory of a research study.
Introduces and describes the theory
Identification of theories that relate to a
research problem
Context for explaining a problem

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 3. Scope includes but not limited Information or subject being analyzed
to: o Objectives of research
o Time frame of the research
o Constraints of the research
Explanation of limitation of the research

4. Sampling techniques include but Probability

not limited to: Non-probability
Stratified
Random
Cluster
Multistage
5. Dissemination protocols include  Organizational procedures
but not limited to:  Principles of dissemination
 Ethical considerations in
dissemination

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Analytical
 Communication
 Computer
 Creativity
 Critical
 Data collection
 Decision making
 Dissemination
 Observation
 Problem identification
 Problem solving
 Report writing
 Statistical
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Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Introduction to research
 Types of research
 Purposes of research
 Basic terms in research
 Problem identification
 Literature review
 Research design
 Data collection and analysis
 Research materials
 Research proposal
 Research report

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1 Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Competency 1.1 Prepared for science laboratory research
1.2 Determined research problem
1.3 Determined the objectives of the research
1.5 Determined the sample population
1.6 Identified research materials
1.7 Determined validity and reliability of the study
1.8 Determined data analysis techniques
1.9 Compiled the research report
1.10 Disseminated science laboratory research findings
1.11 Demonstrated understanding of science laboratory
research
2 Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Workstation
2.2 Reporting tools
2.3 Stationery
2.4 Data analysis tools
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
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 Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written
3.4 Third party report
3.5 Case study
4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken
in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5 Guidance information Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
for assessment sector, workplace and job role is recommended.

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 CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY

APPLY BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CR/01/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply biology techniques. It involves carrying
out microscopy, performing cytological techniques, performing biochemical techniques, carrying
out microbiological techniques, performing immunological techniques and managing laboratory
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animals. It also entails carrying out herbarium techniques, carrying out museum techniques
determining ecological factors, managing a green house facility and preparing a botanical
garden.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make up level of performance for each of the elements (to be stated in
workplace function (to be passive voice)
stated in active) Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1 Carry out microscopy 1.1 Parts of a microscope are identified as per science
laboratory procedures
1.2 Functions of parts of the microscope are demonstrated as
per science laboratory procedures
1.3 Types of light microscopes are identified according to
science laboratory requirements
1.4 Use, care and maintenance is demonstrated as per
science laboratory requirements
2 Perform cytological 2.1 Plant and animal cells are isolated and stained as per
and histological science laboratory procedures
techniques 2.2 Temporary and permanent slides are prepared as per
science laboratory procedures
2.3 Cells and simple tissues are identified as according to
science laboratory procedure
2.4 Solutions of various concentrations and biological
materials are prepared for osmosis and diffusion
2.5 Experimental apparatus are assembled for osmosis and
diffusion.
3 Perform biochemical 3.1 Reagents and substances for food tests are prepared as
techniques per science laboratory requirements
3.2 Food tests are carried out as per science laboratory
procedures
3.3 Chromatographic separation of sugars, amino acids and
chlorophyll is carried out as per science laboratory
procedures.
3.4 Enzymes are extracted from plant and animal tissues as
per science laboratory procedures
3.5 Properties of enzymes are demonstrated as per science
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 laboratory procedures
4 Carry out 4.1 Sterilization techniques are carried out as per science
microbiological laboratory procedures
techniques 4.2 Culture media are prepared according to science
laboratory procedures
4.3 Micro - organisms are handled aseptically as per science
laboratory procedures
4.4 Microorganisms are cultured according to science
laboratory procedures
4.5 Bacterial smears for examination are prepared as per
science laboratory procedures
4.6 Pathogenic materials are disposed as per science
laboratory requirements
5 Perform 5.1 Immunological Materials are assembled as per science
immunological laboratory requirements
techniques 5.2 Blood is collected from a laboratory animal as per science
laboratory procedures
5.3 Separation of whole blood into its components is carried
out as per science laboratory procedures
5.4 Agglutination tests are carried out as per science
laboratory procedures
5.5 Disposal of biological specimens and materials is carried
out as per science laboratory procedures
6 Manage laboratory 6.1 Laboratory animals are handled as per science laboratory
animals requirements
6.2 Sexing of laboratory animals is carried out according to
science laboratory procedures
6.3 Dissection of laboratory animals is carried out as per
science laboratory procedures
6.4 Humane killing is carried out as per science laboratory
procedures
6.5 Animal carcasses are disposed safely as per science
laboratory procedures
7. Carry out herbarium 7.1 Plant specimens are collected as per science laboratory
techniques procedures
7.2 Plant specimens are preserved according to science
laboratory procedures

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 7.3Preserved specimens are labeled according to taxonomic
requirements
7.4 Preserved specimens are stored according to science
laboratory procedures
8.Carry out museum 8.1 Museum specimens are collected as per science
techniques laboratory procedures
8.2Museum specimens are preserved according to science
laboratory requirements
8.3 Museum specimens are labeled as per science laboratory
procedures
8.4 Bones are prepared as per science laboratory procedures
8.5 Museum specimens are displayed as per science
laboratory procedures
9.Determine ecological factors 9.1 Care for ecological equipment is demonstrated as per
science laboratory procedures
9.2 Abiotic factors are determined and recorded as per
science laboratory requirements
9.3Biotic factors are determined and recorded as per science
laboratory procedures
10. Manage a greenhouse 10.1 Design of the green house is determined as per
facility greenhouse standards
10.2 Green house equipment are identified as per greenhouse
standards
10.3 Environmental factors are considered as per greenhouse
standards
10.4 Growing media is identified as per greenhouse
procedures
10.5 Waste removal is carried out as per greenhouse
procedures
11. Prepare a botanical garden 11.1 Preparation procedures of a botanical garden are
carried out as per laboratory procedures
11.2 Nursery preparation methods are carried out as per
laboratory procedures
11.3 Laboratory plant diseases are identified as per laboratory
procedures
11.4 Disease and pest control methods are identified as per
laboratory procedures

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RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

VARIABLE RANGE
1. Parts of a microscope Eye piece lenses
include but are not Objective lenses
limited to: Mechanical stage
Condenser
Diaphragm
Light source
 Adjustment knobs
2. Light microscopes Florescent microscope
include but are not Bright field
limited to: Dark ground
Electron

3. Care and Cleaning of lenses

maintenance includes Use of covers
but is not limited to: Lubricating movable parts
Proper handling
4. Temporary and Temporary slides
permanent slides o Maceration
include but are not o Teased sections
limited to o Apposition smears
o Squash solutions
Permanent slides
o Fixation
o Embedding
o Impregnation
o Sectioning
5. Solutions include but Hypotonic solutions
are not limited to: Hypertonic solutions
Isotonic solutions
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 6. Experimental Visking tubings
apparatus includes Semi permeable membrane
but are not limited to: Glass wares
Cork borers
Rulers
7. Reagents and Glucose
substances include Sucrose
but are not limited to: Lactose
Benedicts solution
Iodine solution
Hydrochloric acid
8. Chromatograghic Paper chromatography
separation includes Thin layer
but are not limited to:

9. Plant and animal Liver

tissues include but Muscle
are not limited to: Potatoes
Soaked maize
Soaked beans
10. Properties of Temperature
enzymes include but pH
are not limited to: Specificity
Substrate concentration
11. Sterilization Autoclaving
techniques include Hot air oven
but are not limited to: Flaming
Boiling
UV
Chemical methods
Sterilization of
o Benches
o Inoculating wires
o Culture media
o Apparatus and equipment
o Hands

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 12. Culture media MacConkey agar and broth
includes but are not Nutrient agar and broth
limited to: Peptone water
Blood agar
Chocolate agar
13. Culturing methods Streaking
include but not Pouring
limited to: Stabbing
Spreading
14. Immunological Hypodermic needles
Materials include but Syringes
not limited to: Slides
Cotton wool
Applicator sticks
15. Laboratory animals Rats
include but not Mice
limited to: Guinea pigs
Rabbits
Hamsters
16. Humane killing Pithing
includes but not Beheading
limited to: Cervical dislocation
17. Plant specimens Specimens collected from
include but not o Ponds
limited to: o Botanical garden
o Forests
o Surroundings
18. Museum specimens Specimens collected from
include but not o Soil
limited to: o Aquatic environment
o Forests
o Grassland
19. Ecological equipment Barometers
includes but not Thermometer
limited to: Hydrometer

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 20. Abiotic and Biotic Sunlight
factors include but Humidity
not limited to: Air
Water
Soil
Animals
Plants
Fungi
21. Growing media Soils
includes but not Vermiculture
limited to: Sand
Manure (organic)
22. Environmental Lighting
factors include but Humidity
not limited to: Temperature
23. Green house Trays
equipment includes Soil troughs and bins
but not limited to: Pots
Flats
24. Preparation Cleaning
procedures of a Digging/ploughing
botanical garden Harrowing
includes but not Furrowing
limited to: Use of herbicides
25. Nursery preparation Subdivision
methods include but Cutting and seeds
not limited to: Application of fertilizers and manure
Seed bed preparation

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skill

 Maintenance
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  Communication
 Interpersonal
 Analytical
 Critical thinking
 Problem solving
 First aid
 Innovation
 Creativity

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Microscopy
 Biochemical substances
 Cytological techniques
 Microbiological techniques
 Histological techniques
 Immunological techniques
 Museum technique
 Herbarium techniques
 Ecology

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1 Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Identified parts and functions of a microscope
Competency 1.2 Used and maintained a microscope
1.3 Isolated plants and animal cells
1.4 Prepared temporary and permanent slides
1.5 Identified cells and simple tissues
1.6 Prepared solutions, biological materials and experimental
apparatus for osmosis and diffusion
1.7 Prepared reagents and substances and carried out food tests
1.8 Carried out chromatographic separation of sugars, amino acids
and chlorophyll
1.9 Extracted and demonstrated properties of enzymes from plant

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 and animal tissues
1.10 Carried out sterilization techniques
1.11 Prepared culture media
1.12 Handled and cultured micro – organisms
1.13 Prepared bacterial smears for examination
1.14 Disposed pathogenic materials
1.15 Assembled immunological materials
1.16 Collected and separated blood into its components
1.17 Carried out agglutination tests
1.18 Disposed biological specimens and materials
1.19 Handled, sexed, dissected, and carried out humane
killing on laboratory animals
1.20 Disposed animal carcasses safely
1.21 Collected, preserved, labeled and stored plant
specimens
1.22 Collected, preserved, labeled and displayed museum
specimens
1.23 Demonstrated care for ecological equipment
1.24 Determined and recorded abiotic and biotic factors
1.25 Managed a greenhouse facility
1.26 Prepared a botanical garden
2 Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Well-equipped biology laboratory facility
2.2 Science laboratory procedures manual
2.3 Laboratory reagents and chemicals
2.4 Filing equipment
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Written
3.3 Observation
3.4 Third party
3.5 Practical test
4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a combination
Assessment of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in a closely
simulated workplace environment.
5 Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information workplace and job role is recommended.

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 for
assessment

APPLY PHYSICS TECHNIQUES

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CR/02/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply physics techniques. It involves measuring
physical quantities, applying principles of thermodynamics, applying principles of waves and
applying principles of optics. It also involves applying principles of electromagnetism, applying
electrical and electronics principles and applying principles of nuclear and quantum physics

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT
These are assessable statements which specify the
These describe the key outcomes
required level of performance for each of the elements
which make up workplace function
(to be stated in passive voice)
(to be stated in active)
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1 Measure physical quantities 1.1 Tools, equipment and apparatus are identified
according to physics manual

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 1.2 Physical quantity of the specimen is measured
according to laboratory standard requirements
1.3 Units are annexed as per system international
standards
2 Apply principles of 2.1 Heat energy is measured as per the physics manual
thermodynamics 2.2 Units are annexed as per system international
standards
2.3 Heat energy is calculated as per the physics formula
2.4 Thermodynamic processes are determined as per the
physics manual
2.5 Thermodynamic processes are calculated as per the
physics manual
2.6 Units are annexed as per system international
standards
3 Apply principles of waves 3.1 Types of waves are determined as per the wave
characteristics
3.2 Wave characteristics are determined as per the
physics formula
3.3 Wave behavior is determined as per the physics
laboratory manual
4 Apply principles of optics 4.1 Optical instrument(s) are identified as per the
physics manual
4.2 Light properties are determined as per the physics
manual
4.3 Distances and sizes of object/images are determined
as per the geometrical optics and mirror and lens
formula
4.4 Light behavior is determined as per the physics
laboratory manual
5 Apply principles of 5.1 Types of magnets are identified as per the physics
electromagnetism laboratory manual
5.2 Magnet properties are determined based on the
physics laboratory manual
5.3 Magnetization and de-magnetization methods are
determined as per the physics laboratory manual
5.4 Use of magnets is determined as per the physics
laboratory manual

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 5.5 Principle of electromagnetism are determined as per
physics laboratory manual
5.6 Application of electromagnetism is determined based
on the physics laboratory manual
6 Apply electrostatic, electrical 6.1 Electrostatic principles of electrical components are
and electronics principles determined as per the physics laboratory manual
6.2 Application of electrostatic principles in capacitors
are determined as per the physics laboratory manual
6.3 Electrical measuring instruments are identified and
used as per the operational manual
6.4 Circuits are connected as per the physics laboratory
manual
6.5 Electrical quantities are determined as per the
physics laboratory manual
6.6 Ohm’s law is verified as per the physics laboratory
manual
6.7 Electrical energy sources are identified as per the
physics laboratory manual
6.8 Principles of operation of transformers are
determined as per physics laboratory manual
6.9 Transformer characteristics are calculated based on
transformer equation
6.10 Moving coil galvanometer is converted into
ammeter or voltmeter as per the physics laboratory
manual
6.11 Semi-conductors are identified and connected
according to the physics laboratory manual
6.12 Operations of semi-conductor diodes are
determined as per the physics laboratory manual
6.13 Rectification of semi-conductor diodes is carried
out as per the physics laboratory manual
6.14 Characteristics of semi-conductor diodes are
determined as per the physics laboratory manual
6.15 Photoelectric effect of diodes is determined as per
the physics laboratory manual
7 Apply principles of nuclear and 7.1 Particulate nature of matter is demonstrated as per
quantum physics the physics laboratory manual

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 7.2 Properties of radio-active materials are identified
according to the physics laboratory manual
7.3 Commonly available radio-active elements are
identified based on the physics laboratory manual
7.4 Safety precautions on radio-active elements are
observed based on safety regulations
7.5 X-rays are produced and detected as per the physics
laboratory manual
7.6 Application of X-rays is demonstrated as per the
physics laboratory manual

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.
VARIABLE RANGE

1. Physical Quantity includes Mass

but are not limited to: Length
Time
Temperature

2. Heat energy includes but is Heat capacity

not limited to: Specific heat capacity
Latent heat
o Latent heat of fusion
o Latent heat of vaporization
o Latent heat of sublimation
3. Physics formula includes but Q = mc∆T
are not limited to: o m-mass
o c-specific heat capacity
o ∆T-Change in temperature

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 4. Thermodynamic processes  Adiabatic changes
include but are not limited  Isothermal processes
to: Isobalic changes
Isochoric changes

5. Physics formula includes but V = fλ

is not limited to: o f-frequency
o λ – wave length
1
f =
T
T – Period
6. Wave behavior includes but Reflection
are not limited to: Refraction
Diffraction
Interference of light
Polarization
7. Optical instrument(s) Microscope
include but are not limited Telescope
to: Camera
Projector
Periscope

8. Light properties include but Reflection

are not limited to: o Total internal reflection
 Refraction
9. Mirror and lens formula 1 1 1
 = +
include but are not limited f u v
to: o f - Focal length
o u - Object distance
o v - Image distance

u hi
 m=
v
=
ho
o h i - Image height
o h o – Object height

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 10. Types of magnets include Permanent
but are not limited to: Temporary
Earth
11. Magnet properties include Lines of force
but are not limited to: Magnetic flux patterns
Flux density
12. Magnetization and de- Use of permanent magnets
magnetization methods o Single
include but are not limited to o Double
o Induction
Electrical
13. Electromagnetism includes Quantities and units
but is not limited to: Stationery Geld moving conductor
Fleming’s right led rule
Faraday’s and Lenz’s cork screw rule
Grip rule
Self-inductance
Mutual inductance
Induction due to current charge in another circuit
14. Measuring instruments Moving coil instruments
include but not limited to: Galvanometer
Ammeter
Voltmeter
Odometer
Ohmmeter
15. Transformers include but are Step – up
not limited to: Step - down
16. Transformer equation Vs Ns Ip
includes but not limited to:

Vp
= N p = Is
o Vs – Voltage in secondary cell
o Vp – Voltage in primary cell
o Ns – Number of turns in secondary cell
o Np – Number of turns in primary cell
o Is – Current in secondary cell
o Ip - Current in primary cell

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 17. Photoelectric effect includes Thermionic diode
but not limited to: Solar
Cathode ray tube
18. Electrical quantities include Current
but are not limited to: Resistance
 Voltage
o Electromotive force (emf)
o Potential Difference (pd)
19. Particulate nature of matter Solids
includes but not limited to: Liquids
Gases

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Technical
 Observation
 Problem solving
 Critical thinking
 Reporting
 Interpretation

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

 Physics equipment and apparatus

 Physics formulas
 Physical quantities
 Thermodynamic processes
 Characteristics and behaviour of waves
 Light properties and behaviour
 Electromagnetic principles
 Electrical components
 Connection of circuits
 Electrical quantities
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  Transformer characteristics
 Semi-conductors
 Transistors
 Radioactivity

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EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1 Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Competency 1.1 Identified tools, equipment and apparatus
1.2 Measured physical quantity of specimen
1.3 Annexed units
1.4 Measured and calculated heat energy
1.5 Determined and calculated thermodynamic processes
1.6 Determined types, characteristics and behavior of
waves
1.7 Identified optimal instruments
1.8 Determined light properties
1.9 Determined distances and sizes of objects/images
1.10 Determined light behavior
1.11 Identified types of magnets
1.12 Determined magnetic properties
1.13 Determined magnetization and de-
magnetization methods
1.14 Determined use of magnets
1.15 Determined principles and application of
electromagnetism
1.16 Applied electrostatic principles in capacitors
1.17 Identified electrical measuring instruments
1.18 Connected circuits
1.19 Determined electrical quantities
1.20 Verified the Ohml’s law
1.21 Identified electrical energy sources
1.22 Determined principles of operation and
characteristics of transformers
1.23 Identified and connected semi-conductors
1.24 Determined operations and characteristics of
semi-conductor diodes
1.25 Rectified semi-conductor diodes
1.26 Determined photoelectric effect of diodes
1.27 Demonstrated particulate nature of matter

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 1.28 Identified commonly available and properties of
radioactive materials
1.29 Produced and detected X-rays
1.30 Demonstrated application of X-rays
2 Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Functional physics laboratory facility
2.2 Functional laboratory apparatus, equipment and
materials
2.3 Science laboratory manuals
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Written
3.3 Observation
3.4 Third party report
3.5 Case study
4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5 Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 APPLY CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES

UNIT CODE: SLT/OS/SL/CR/03/6/A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply chemistry techniques. It involves carrying
out sample preparation, performing gravimetric analysis, preparation of reagents, conducting
volumetric analysis, carrying out pH measurement and performing separation, extraction and
purification. It also involves carrying out colorimetric analysis, carrying out electrometric
methods, carrying out flame photometry, carrying out proximate analysis and performing
calorimetric analysis.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make up level of performance for each of the elements (to be stated in
workplace function (to be passive voice)
stated in active) Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1 Carry out sample 1.1 Apparatus for sample preparation are assembled as per
preparation the chemistry laboratory manual
1.2 Samples are obtained as per chemistry sampling
procedures
1.3 Relevant apparatus are used for grinding samples as per
science laboratory procedures
1.4 Representative samples are prepared as per chemistry
procedures
1.5 Storage methods for a given sample are identified as per
science laboratory requirements
2 Perform gravimetric 2.1 Samples are weighed accurately according to science
analysis laboratory procedures
2.2 Samples are filtered using filtration apparatus as per
science laboratory procedures
2.3 Ashing procedures are performed on samples as per
science laboratory procedures

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 2.4 Cooling procedures are performed on samples as per
science laboratory procedures
2.5 Sample proportion of a given component is determined as
per science laboratory procedures
3 Prepare reagents 3.1 Accurate volumes are measured using graduated
glassware based on science laboratory procedures
3.2 Solutions of known concentrations are prepared as per
the chemistry laboratory procedures
4 Conduct volumetric 4.1 Apparatus for volumetric analysis are assembled as per
analysis the chemistry laboratory procedures
4.2 Standard solution of is prepared as per the chemistry
laboratory procedures
4.3 Titrations are performed as per the chemistry laboratory
procedures
4.4 Application of volumetric analysis is determined as per
the chemistry laboratory procedures
5 Carry out pH 5.1 Buffer solutions are prepared according to science
measurement laboratory procedures
5.2 pH meter is calibrated as per science laboratory
requirements
5.3 pH of a given sample is measured as per science
laboratory procedures
6 Perform separation, 6.1 Apparatus for separation, extraction and purification are
extraction, and assembled as per the chemistry laboratory procedures
purification 6.2 Separation and extraction techniques are carried out
according to chemistry laboratory procedures
6.3 Presence and amount of a substance in a given sample is
determined based on chemistry laboratory procedures
6.4 Purity of a given substance is determined as per chemistry
laboratory procedures
7 Carry out Colorimetric 7.1 Colorimetric analysis apparatus are assembled as per the
analysis chemistry laboratory procedures
7.2 Sample solutions for analysis are prepared as per science
laboratory procedures
7.3 Sample solutions are analyzed as per standard operating
procedures
7.4 Operation of colorimeter equipment is performed as per

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 SOPs
7.5 Sample analysis using a colorimeter is performed as per
SOPs
8 Carry out 8.1 Apparatus for conductivity and electrogravimetric
electrometric methods measurements are assembled as per science laboratory
procedures
8.2 Conductivity of a given sample is measured as per science
laboratory procedures
8.3 Proportion of a component in a given sample is
determined using electrogravimetric apparatus as per
science laboratory procedures
9 Carry out flame 9.1 Sample preparation is carried out as per science
photometry laboratory procedures
9.2 Calibration of flame photometer is performed as per
science laboratory procedures
9.3 Samples are analyzed based on flame photometry
procedures
9.4 Calibration curve is prepared as per science laboratory
procedures
10 Carry out proximate 10.1Proximate analysis tools are prepared as per science
analysis laboratory procedures
10.2Proximate analysis samples are prepared as per science
laboratory procedures
10.3Component (s) of biological materials is/are determined
as per science laboratory procedures
11 Perform calorimetric 11.1 Apparatus and equipment for calorimetric analysis are
analysis assembled as per science laboratory procedures
11.2Required substances are sampled as per science
laboratory procedures
11.3Calorimetric value of a given substance is determined
and calculated as per science laboratory procedures and
formula

RANGE

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This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria apply.
It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.

VARIABLE RANGE
1. Apparatus for sample  Pestle and motor
preparation includes but not Mills
limited to: Mincers
Blenders

2. Representative samples Homogenizing

include but not limited to: Halving
Quartering

3. Storage methods Bottles

include but not limited to: Refrigerator
Freezer
Open air
Dark room
4. Filtration apparatus include but Filter paper
not limited to: Funnels
Conical flasks
Crucibles
Buchner funnels
Suction pump
5. Graduated glassware includes Pippetes
but not limited to: Burrete
Volumetric flasks
Measuring cylinders
6. Known concentrations include Molar solution
but not limited to: Normal solution
Molal solution
Percent solution
Parts per million

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 7. Apparatus for volumetric Burette stand
analysis include but not limited Burette
to: Conical flask
Pipette
White background
Droppers
8. Standard solution includes but Titrant
not limited to: Titrator
9. Titrations include but not limited Acid base titration
to: o Sodium hydroxide
o Hydrochloric acid
o Sulphuric acid
o Nitric acid
Redox titration
o Potassium permanganate (KMno4)
against ferrous irons
o Oxalic acid with its soluble salts
Complexiometric titration
o Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid
(EDTA)
10. Apparatus for separation, Soxhlet
extraction and purification Heating mantle
include but not limited to: Chromatography tank
Silica gel
Chromatography Paper
11. Separation and extraction Electrophoresis
techniques include but not Partition chromatography
limited to: Soxhlet extraction
Thin layer chromatography
12. Presence and amount of a Qualitative determination
substance include but not limited o RF value
to: o Precipitation
Quantitative determination
o Filtrate and residue
o Distillate
o Extract

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 13. Colorimetric analysis apparatus Cuvette
includes but not limited to: Test tubes
Volumetric flask
Beakers
Glass rods
14. Colorimeters include but not Lovibod
limited to: Color colorimeter
UV/Vis Spectrophotometer
15. Sample solutions include but not Blank
limited to: Standard
Test
16. Apparatus for conductivity and Conductivity apparatus
electrogravimetric include but o Conductance bridge
not limited to: o Conductivity cell
o Beaker
o Thermostatic bath
o Reagents
Electrogravimetric apparatus
o Electrodes
o Electrolyte
o Voltmeter
o Oven
o Analytical balance
17. Sample preparation includes but Sample dilution
not limited to: Preparation of standards
18. Proximate analysis tools include Furnace
but not limited to: Crucibles
Pestle and motor
Blender
Mincer
Hot air oven
19. Apparatus and equipment for Thermostatic bath
calorimetric analysis include but Thermometer
not limited to: Source of heat
Bomb calorimeter

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 20. Formula includes but not limited Q = mc∆T
to: o m-mass
o c-specific heat capacity
o ∆T-Change in temperature

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 Analytical
 Computer
 Maintenance
 Problem solving
 Technical
 Calibration
 Critical thinking
 Observation
 Interpretation
 Sample handling

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Laboratory quality assurance
 Qualitative and quantitative analysis
 Sample collection and storage
 Operation of laboratory equipment
 Laboratory ware and equipment
 Laboratory safety
 Calorimetric analysis
 Proximate analysis
 Flame photometry
 Electromagnetism
 Volumetric analysis
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  Sample preparation
 Gravimetric analysis

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1 Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Assembled apparatus for sample preparation
Competency 1.2 Obtained and performed grinding on samples
1.3 Prepared representative samples
1.4 Identified storage methods for a given sample
1.5 Weighed, filtered and performed ashing and cooling procedures on
samples
1.6 Determined sample proportion of a given component
1.7 Measured accurate volumes using graduated glassware
1.8 Prepared solutions of known concentration
1.9 Prepared standard solutions
1.10 Performed titration
1.11 Prepared buffer solution
1.12 Calibrated pH meter
1.13 Measured pH of a given sample
1.14 Carried out separation and extraction techniques
1.15 Determined presence and amount of a substance in a given
sample
1.16 Determined purity of a given substance
1.17 Carried out spectophotometric analysis
1.18 Measured conductivity of a given sample
1.19 Determined proportion of a component in a sample using
electrogravimetric analysis
1.20 Performed calibration of flame photometer
1.21 Prepared calibration curve
1.22 Prepared samples for proximate analysis
1.23 Determined component (s) of biological material
1.24 Determined and calculated calorimetric value of a given
substance

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 2 Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Science laboratory facility
2.2 Laboratory apparatus and equipment
2.3 Laboratory chemicals and reagents
2.4 Science laboratory manuals
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Oral
3.2 Written
3.3 Third party report
3.4 Observation
4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, off the job or a combination
Assessment of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in a closely
simulated workplace environment.
5 Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information workplace and job role is recommended.
for
assessment

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