How Society is
Organized
Mr. Aldrin John A. Rico
GRADE 11
Note:
Please write everything on
your UCSP notebook. I
will be checking this on
Friday.
• Society is composed of people. People
are the most important part on how the
society works. All of the thing that
happened in a society is connected to its
members. People are the ones who
organized the society.
• “No man is an Island”
• Group
– is a unit of people who have chance to interact with other
people in an orderly way in which they are all belong to
society that shares their culture, behavior and expectations.
Because of the interaction with other people, they felt the
sense of belongingness. A group can be categorized based on
number, purpose, level of interactions and common interest.
• Social group
– it is an interaction with other people that shared similar
traditions, values and cultures.
Importance of group
1. It helps to transmit culture to other people.
2. It helps to maintain social control
3. It helps to socializes individual.
4. It helps to have source of ideas
5. It helps to train the individual in communications
Basic classification of groups in a society
1. Primary group
2. Secondary group
3. According to Membership
(In-groups and out-groups)
4. Reference groups
5. Networks
Primary groups
- They share personal and lasting relationships
- It is in a small group of people with direct interaction with each other.
- Different emotions are built between its members
- A loss of a member brings impact in identity and structure of the group.
- It is a first personal group of a person’s childhood
Secondary groups
· Interactions were made to achieve goals
· It is often formal and impersonal
· Larger and less personal group
Primary and secondary can be contrasted in terms of the
following aspects:
1. Size and quantity
2. Relationships and communication among
members
3. Goals and membership
4. Group structure and members statuses and roles
5. Influence to members and nature of group
control
In-groups
· It provides sense of belongingness and loyalty for its
members.
· It is a group united by common values
Out-groups
· It extracts the sense of antagonism from a person
· A person feels dislike, disagreement and unfriendliness
Reference groups
· It is a person with a set of standards if there is an improvement
· It is a group wherein people compare themselves, it is to assess
their worth and appropriateness if he/she belong to the society
Networks
· It is a connection with other people using any means of
communication and interaction.
· It is a series of social ties in which involves people that are
connected to each other, it also may refer to a system or connection of
people.
Household is considered as small social units that
is related to economic system that gives the basic
human needs.
Aside from this, other activities held in a household
are; sexual activities, child rearing, and coordinating
work.
• Kin or clan is considered as large social units that permits
people to get or achieve his/her own needs that a household
cannot provide.
• Family is were socialization begins and develop, it is the
most important social unit that is responsible for transferring
social norms, values, traditions, and beliefs and other cultural
matter.
• Kinship refers to a connection and relationship of people by
blood that has mutual rights and obligations. It is a
relationship through blood either consanguinity or affinity.
Kinship is a result of interaction and socialization.
Three types of Kinship
1. Consanguinity
2. Affinity
3. Kinship by ritual
Descent systems of Kinship
1. Unilineal
- it refers to a line of blood from a male and female or a single
lineal.
Two types of Unilineal
Patrileneal
– belongs to a father’s kin group
Matrilineal
– belongs to a mother’s kin group
Descent systems of Kinship
2. Double unileneal
– it refers to a child at birth is assigned to the mothers group and
father’s group for a specific purpose only.
3. Bilateral
– it refers to importance of both lineal of a mother and father.
Types of Kinship by Marriage
It is a socially and ritually organized in which happens because
of socialization, spouses will share everything with each other
and also have rights and obligations to their children. It is also
called as matrimony or wedlock that refers to a union of a man
and a woman. Marriage also connected to a culture, different set
up, settings and practices are observed in the society.
Marriage
– it is a result of interaction that happens between a man and a
woman.
Types of Kinship by Marriage
Endogamy
– it refers to a selection of partner within its own the social group.
Monogamy
– it refers to a marriage that man and woman both have one spouse.
Polygamy
– it refers to a marriage that a person has multiple spouses
Polygyny
- it refers to a marriage that a man is in a relationship with two or more woman.
Polyandry
- it refers to a marriage that a woman is in a relationship with two or more man.
Fictive marriage
– it is to represent someone as proxy to physically present in order to establish a social status
for spouse and heirs.
