Discipline and ideas in applied social sciences

Humss 11
PERIODICAL examination

REVIEWER

thoughts that lead to individual

actions.
Social science vs applied social → SOCIOLOGY
-​ a systematic study of people’s behavior
science in groups.
LESSON 1 → GEOLOGY
-​ is the study of the interaction between
people and their environment.
Pure social science → LINGUISTICS
Social science -​ The systematic study of human
language, lies at the crossroads of the
-​ scientific study of human society and
humanities and the social sciences.
social relationships.
humanities
-​ seeks to understand human reactions to APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
events and the meaning imposed on
-​ Focus on the use and application of the
experience as a function of culture,
different concepts, theoretical models, and
historical era and life history.
theories from Pure Social Sciences to help
Natural science understand people and the society including
-​ aims to predict natural phenomena and the different problems and issues it faces
its studies are based on experimentally -​ Can use his/her training in different work
controlled existence. settings and use the different theories in
Defining pure social science analyzing social problems and help to solve
●​ Social Sciences - explore the these:
historical, cultural, sociological,
psychological, and political forces that
shape the actions of individuals and
their impact on society. The different
disciplines under social sciences all
help us in providing a better
understanding and appreciation of the
complex issues that we face in society.
→ ECONOMICS
-​ Studies the allocation of scarce
resources and the production and -​
exchange of goods and services in
society. THREE MAIN CAREER TRACKS APPLIED FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES
→ ANTHROPOLOGY
-​ Is the scientific study of humans and → COUNSELING
their cultures in the past and present -​ is one of the fields of applied social
time. sciences as an application of the social
→ HISTORY sciences, counseling provides guidance,
-​ Is the systematic study of human past help, and support to individuals who face a
events in order to understand the diverse set of problems in their lives. In this
meaning, dynamics, and relationship of discipline, you can learn about how
the cause and effects of events in the important it is to listen to some problems of
development of societies. other people and provide guidance to them
→ POLITICAL SCIENCE to help them solve their own problems.
-​ Primarily studies human behavior in → SOCIAL WORK
relation to political systems, -​ practitioners help individuals, families, and
governments, laws, and international groups, communities to improve their
relations. individual and collective well-being.
→ PSYCHOLOGY
-​ Studies how the human mind works in
consonance with the body to produce

1
 Discipline and ideas in applied social sciences
Humss 11
PERIODICAL examination

REVIEWER

→ COMMUNICATION STUDIES
-​ Applied social science provides adequate → COGNITIVE GOALS
training for careers in the field of -​ Involves acquiring the basic foundation of
journalism and mass communication learning and cognitive skills
because of the multidisciplinary knowledge → PHYSIOLOGICAL GOALS
and skills that graduates learn from social -​ Involves acquiring the basic understanding
sciences. Good communication skills are and habits for good health
also important in counseling as well as in → PSYCHOLOGICAL GOALS
social work. -​ Aids in developing good social interaction
skills, learning emotional control, and
developing a positive self—concept.
DEFINITION OF COUNSELING, GOALS, SCOPE, SCOPE OF COUNSELING
CORE AND PRINCIPLES → INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING
LESSON 2 ●​ Adolescent identity, teen-parent
relationship, peer relationship
●​ Anger management
COUNSELING ●​ Anxiety and Depression
-​ process of guiding a person during the stage ●​ Sexual abuse recovery
of life when reassessments or decisions ●​ Workplace stress and relationship
have to be made about himself or herself in ●​ Relationships with the opposite sex
his/her life. ●​ Stress management
-​ It provides advice or guidance in → MARITAL AND PREMARITAL COUNSELING
decision-making in emotionally significant ●​ Marital and relational dynamics
situations by helping clients explore and ●​ Extended family relationships
understand better ways in resolving ●​ Fertility issues
problems. → FAMILY COUNSELING
PURPOSE OF COUNSELING ●​ Adolescent and child behaviors within
family dynamics
-​ The ultimate aim of counseling is to enable
●​ Adult children
the client to make their own choices, reach
●​ Divorce and separation issues and
their own decisions and act on them.
adjustments
GOALS OF COUNSELING ●​ Family dynamics: conflict, communication
The key component of individual, group, ●​ Family of origin / extended family issues
organizational, and community success. ●​ Life stages and transitions
Detailed and expansive Counseling Goals have been CORE VALUES OF COUNSELING
identified by Gibson and Mitchell (2003), which are
→ RESPECT FOR HUMAN DIGNITY
as follows:
-​ The counselor must provide a client
→ DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS
unconditional positive regard, compassion,
-​ Assist in meeting or advancing the clients
non-judgment attitude, empathy and trust.
human growth and development including
→ PARTNERSHIP
social, personal, emotional, cognitive, and
-​ A counselor has to foster partnerships with
physical wellness.
the various disciplines that come together
→ PREVENTIVE GOALS
to support an integrated healing that
-​ Helps the client avoid some undesired
encompasses various aspects such as the
outcome. E.g. failing grades.
physical, emotional, spiritual and
→ ENHANCEMENT GOALS
intellectual.
-​ Enhance special skills and abilities.
-​ These relationships should be of integrity,
→ REMEDIAL GOALS
sensitivity and openness to ensure health,
-​ Assisting a client to overcome and treat an
healing and growth of clients.
undesirable development.
→ AUTONOMY
→ EXPLORATORY GOALS
-​ This entails respect for confidentiality and
-​ Examining options, testing skills, trying new
trust in a relationship of counseling and
and different activities, etc.
ensuring a safe environment that is needed
→ REINFORCEMENT GOALS
for healing. It also means that healing or
-​ Helps clients in what they are doing,
any advice cannot be imposed on a client.
thinking, and feeling is fine

2
 Discipline and ideas in applied social sciences
Humss 11
PERIODICAL examination

REVIEWER
-​ They perform their duties and
→ PERSONAL INTEGRITY responsibilities according to the standards
-​ Counselors must reflect personal integrity, set by the law
honesty and truthfulness with clients. -​ Counselors use strategies and techniques to
→ SOCIAL JUSTICE promote the client’s personal growth and
-​ This means accepting and respecting the development.
diversity of the clients, the diversity of -​ They have acquired body of knowledge,
individuals, their cultures, languages, skills, or competencies through formal and
lifestyles, identities, ideologies, intellectual specialized training
capacities, personalities and capabilities -​ They are guided by standards of
regardless of the presented issues. professional practice and laws
PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING -​ They are formally identified as members of
the helping profession, competent in
→ DEVELOPING TRUST
promoting growth and personal change in
-​ This involves providing warmth, genuineness
their clients.
and empathy.
→ EXPLORING PROBLEM AREAS Informal helpers
-​ This involves providing a clear and deep -​ They may provide assistance to people who
analysis of what the problem is, where it are personally related to them
comes from, its triggers, and why it may -​ They may avoid confrontation or
have developed. contradicting statements to the counselee -
→ HELPING TO SET GOALS during the counseling process to preserve
-​ This involves setting and managing their friendship or personal relationship
goal-directed interventions. with the counselee.
→ EMPOWERING INTO ACTION -​ May help people as encouraged by their
-​ This means fostering action to achieve set personal rules.
goals. -​ They are not formally equipped with
→ HELPING TO MAINTAIN CHANGE standardized strategies or approaches.
-​ This means providing support and other Usually, they rely on providing advice or tips
techniques to enable the client to maintain they feel suitable.
changes.
→ AGREEING WHEN TO END THE HELPING
RELATIONSHIP Areas of specialization; where
-​ This implies that assurances are there that counselors work
guarantee the process is being directed by LESSON 4
the client and toward independence.
Child development and counseling
-​ Parent education, preschool counseling,
PROFESSIONALS AND PRACTITIONERS IN early childhood education, elementary
COUNSELING school counseling, child counseling in
LESSON 3 mental health agencies, counseling with
battered and abused children
-​ A profession that allows to help others
manage their responses to life's challenges
adolescent
-​ A career that provides you an opportunity -​ Middle and high school, psychological
to assist others in developing their education, career development, counseling
potentials and to encourage personal in mental health, youth work in residential
growth and learning. facility, and youth probation
gerontology
Professional counselors and informal helpers -​ Fastest growing
-​ Older citizens
Professional counselors -​ Pre Retirement counseling, nursing home,
-​ Expected to maintain a high degree of -​ hospice work
objectivity in doing their job. To do this Marital relationship counseling
effectively, they must not have a personal -​ Premarital counseling, marriage counseling,
involvement with their client. family counseling, sex education, sexual
-​ They are guided by rules and regulations dysfunction, and divorce meditation
(Code of Ethics)

3
 Discipline and ideas in applied social sciences
Humss 11
PERIODICAL examination

REVIEWER
health
→ VOCATIONAL OR CAREER COUNSELORS
-​ Nutrition counseling, exercise and health
education, nurse-counselor, rehabilitation,
stress management, holistic health,
anorexia and bulimia, and genetic
counseling
career/lifestyle
-​ Guidance on choices, decision making in
career and lifestyle, educational and → MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELORS
occupational information, trends,
vocational assessment, needs of special
populations, work-related, information → ADDICTIONS AND BEHAVIORAL COUNSELORS
dissemination, labor market information
-​ Developing skills necessary for plans,
interrelationships among work, family and → MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS
life roles, ethical and legal considerations
College and university
-​ College student counseling, student
activities, student personnel work,
residential hall or dormitory counseling, and
education counseling → REHABILITATION COUNSELORS
drugs
-​ Substance abuse counseling, alcohol
counseling, drug counseling, stop smoking
program, crisis intervention
Consultation
-​ Agency and corporate counseling, work,
industrial psychology specialist, training → GENETICS COUNSELORS
manager
Business and industry
-​ Training and development personnel,
quality and work-life, employee assistance,
manager, employee career, equal RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACCOUNTABILITIES OF COUNSELORS
opportunity specialist CODE OF ETHICS
Other specialties
-​ Phobia counseling, self-management,
intra-personal management, interpersonal
relationship and grief counseling

Career opportunities for counselors

→ EDUCATIONAL COUNSELORS

4
 Discipline and ideas in applied social sciences
Humss 11
PERIODICAL examination

REVIEWER

The institute of Guidance Counselor’s Code consists of

RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND four overall PRINCIPLES that subsume a number of
ACCOUNTABILITIES OF COUNSELORS specific ethical standards:
LESSON 5 → Respect for the rights and dignity of the client
-​ As state registered and licensed -​ Guidance counselors honor and promote the
professionals, counselors are protected. fundamental rights, moral and cultural
They are responsible for the practice of values, dignity, and worth of clients.
their profession in accordance with their → Competence
mandates and professional guidelines and -​ Guidance counselors maintain and update
ethics. their professional skills
-​ They are accountable to their clients, the → Responsibilities
professional body, and the government. It is -​ Guidance counselors are aware of their
critical that the counselor and the client professional responsibility to act in a
fully understand the nature of the concerns, trustworthy, reputable, and accountable
which leads to a contract to take action on manner toward clients, colleagues, and the
mutually agreed upon problem. (Peterson & community in which they work and live
Nisenholz 1987 → Integrity
3.5 CODE OF ETHICS OF COUNSELORS -​ Guidance counselors seeks to promote
integrity in their practice
Republic Act No.9258 Guidance and Counseling Fundamental principles
Act of 2004
-​ An act professionalizing the practice of 1.)​ Respecting human rights and dignity.
guidance and counseling and creating for 2.)​ Respect for the client’s right to be
this purpose a professional regulatory board self-governing.
of guidance and counseling, appropriating 3.)​ A commitment to promoting the client’s
funds therefor and for other purposes well being
-​ As in all professional practices in applied 4.)​ Fostering responsible caring
social sciences, counselors must observe 5.)​ Fair treatment of all clients and the
confidentiality at all times. provision of adequate services.
-​ The code ethics also states that counselors 6.)​ Equal opportunity to clients availing
live and work in accordance with the counseling services.
professional standards of conduct set forth 7.)​ Ensuring the integrity of practitioner-client
for the practice of guidance and counseling relationship.
-​ One of the oldest professional organizations 8.)​ Fostering the practitioner’s self knowledge
in guidance and counseling is the Institute and care for self.
of Guidance Counselors, established in 9.)​ Enhancing the quality of professional
1986. Its preamble provides that guidance knowledge and its application.
counselors work with clients. 10.)​Responsibility to the society
-​ Guidance counselors must respect the
dignity, integrity, and welfare of these -​ The Code of Ethics define parameters for
clients. general respect, privacy and confidentiality,
-​ To protect the clients’ interests, the body informed consent and freedom of consent,
produced a Code of Ethics for its members’ and recognition of limits od competence
compliance. The values include an assertion
that the work of guidance counselor
involves a special relationship of trust. GOOD LUCK AND GOD BLESS! :)
-​ Guidance counselors have a sensible regard
for the social context of their work, which
includes the wider community, the law and
professional colleagues