( ALL Types of Most Important Que - Ans )

( MCQs / Assertion-Reasoning / Case Based / VSA / SA / LONG Que. )

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)
Q1. Who formed the ‘Swaraj Party’ within the Congress?
(a) Jawahar Lai Nehru and Motilal Nehru
(b) Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jawahar Lal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Ans:- (d)
Q2. What is the meaning of picket?
A. Foreign goods were burnt
B. Non financing of foreign imports
C. wearing only Indian clothes
D.A form of demonstration or protest by which people block the
entrance to a shop, factory or office
Ans:- (D)
Q3. Which of the following was Mahatma Gandhi’s novel method of fighting
against the British?
(a) He used violent method of stone pelting.
(b) He used arson to bum down government offices.
(c) He fought with the principle of ‘an eye for an eye’.
(d) He practised open defiance of law, peaceful demonstration,
satyagraha and non-violence
Ans:- (d)
Q4. Which of the following was the reason for calling off the Non
Cooperation Movement by Gandhiji?
(a) Pressure from the British Government
(b) Second Round Table Conference
(c) Gandhiji’s arrest
(d) Chauri-Chaura incident
Ans:- (d)
Q5. The ‘Simon Commission’ was boycotted because
(a) there was no British Member in the Commission.
(b) it demanded separate electorates for Hindus and Muslims.
(c) there was no Indian Member in the Commission.
 (d) it favoured the Muslims over the Hindus.
Ans:- (c)
Q6. When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India from South Africa?
A. 1920
B. 1915
C. 1921
D. 1914
Ans:- (B)
Q7. What actions were taken during the Non Cooperation Movement ?
A. the surrender of titles that the government awarded, and a boycott
of civil services, army, police, courts and legislative councils, schools,
and foreign goods.
B. Boycott of foriegn goods and services
C. Surrender of titles that the government awarded.
D. boycott of civil services, army, police, courts and legislative councils,
schools, and foreign goods
Ans:- (A)
Q8. Which party did not boycott the Council elections held in the year
1921?
(a) Swaraj Party
(b) Justice Party
(c) Muslim League
(d) Congress Party
Ans:- (b)
Q9. What was the Inland Emigration Act of 1859 about?
A. Relaxation towards the plantation workers in Assam
B. plantation workers were not permitted to leave the tea gardens
without permission
C. free mobility for the plantation workers
D. workers defied the authorities and left the plantations
Ans:- (B)
Q10. Who set up the ‘Oudh Kisan Sabha’?
(a) Alluri Sitaram Raju
(b) Jawahar Lai Nehru and Baba Ramchandra
 (c) Jawaharlal Nehru and Shaukat Ali
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
Ans:- (b)
Q11. What were the effects of the Non Cooperation movement On the
economic front?
A. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign
cloth burnt in huge bonfires, started wearing Indian clothes.
B. Economy fell
C. people did not take united action
D. Financing foriegn goods continued
Ans:- (A)
Q12. Why did General Dyer order to open fire on a i peaceful
demonstration at Jallianwala Bagh? Choose from the given options.
(a) He wanted to show his power.
(b) Firing was ordered because it was an unruly crowd.
(c) Because his object, as he declared later, was to ‘produce a moral
effect’ to create fear in the minds of ‘satyagrahis’.
(d) He received orders from his senior officials.
Ans:- (c)
Q13. Who was the writer of the book ‘Hind Swaraj’?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) B.R. Ambedkar
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Jawahar Lai Nehru
Ans:- (c)
Q14. What was the purpose of imposing the Rowlatt Act?
(a) The Rowlatt Act forbade the Indians to : qualify for administrative
services.
(b) The Rowlatt Act had denied Indians the right to political participation.
(c) The Rowlatt Act imposed additional taxes on Indians who were already
groaning under the burden of taxes.
(d) The Rowlatt Act authorised the government to imprison any person
without trial and conviction in a court of law
Ans:- (d)
Q15. Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi, was the leader of which of the following
movements?
(a) Khilafat Movement
(b) Militant Guerrilla Movement of Andhra Pradesh
(c) Peasants’ Movement of Awadh
(d) Plantation Workers’ Movement in Assam
Ans:- (c)
Q16. What does satyagraha mean? Choose one from the following options.
(a) ‘Satyagraha’ means use of physical force to inflict pain while fighting.
(b) ‘Satyagraha’ does not inflict pain, it is a : non-violent method of
fighting against oppression.
(c) ‘Satyagraha’ means passive resistance and is a weapon of the weak.
(d) ‘Satyagraha’ was a racist method of mass agitation.
Ans:- (b)
Q17. Who visualised and depicted the image of ‘Bharat Mata’ through a
painting?
(a) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Natesa Sastri
(d) Abanindranath Tagore
Ans:- (d)
Q18. Under the presidency of Jawahahar Lal Nehru, the Lahore Congress
Session of 1929 formalised the demand of
(a) abolition of Salt Tax
(b) ‘Poorna Swaraj’ or complete independence
(c) boycott of Simon Commission
(d) separate electorate for ‘dalits’
Ans:- (b)
Q19. Which one of the following Viceroys announced a vague offer of
dominion status for India in October 1929?
(a) Lord Mountbatten
(b) Lord Dalhousie
(c) Lord Irwin
(d) None of these
Ans:- (c)
Q20. Where did Mahatma Gandhi start his famous ‘Salt March’ on 12th
March 1930?
(a) Dandi
(b) Chauri-Chaura
(c) Sabarmati
(d) Surat
Ans:- (c)
Q21. Who among the following two leaders led the Khilafat Movement?
(a) Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali
(b) Gandhiji and Sardar Patel
(c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Abul Kalam Azad and Jawaharlal Nehru
Ans:- (a)
Q22. A form of demonstration used in the Non-cooperation Movement in
which people block the entrance to a shop, factory or office is
(a) Boycott
(b) Begar
(c) Picketing
(d) Bandh
Ans:- (c)
Q23. Which of the following was Mahatma Gandhi’s novel method of fighting
against the British?
(a) He used violent method of stone pelting.
(b) He used arson to bum down government offices.
(c) He fought with the principle of ‘an eye for i an eye’.
(d) He practised open defiance of law, peaceful demonstration,
satyagraha and non-violence.
Ans:- (d)
Q24. The Non-cooperation Khilafat Movement began in
(a) January 1921
(b) February 1922
(c) December 1929
(d) April 1919
Ans:- (a)
Q25. A form of demonstration used in the Non-cooperation Movement in
which people block the entrance to a shop, factory or office is
(a) Boycott
(b) Begar
(c) Picketing
(d) Bandh
Ans:- (c)
Q26. Which industrialist attacked colonial control over Indian economy and
supported the Civil Disobedience Movement?
(a) Dinshaw Petit
(b) Purshottamdas Thakurdas
(c) Dwarkanath Tagore
(d) Seth Hukumchand
Ans:- (b)
Q27. Khilafat Committee was formed in 1919 in the city of
(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta
(c) Lucknow
(d) Amritsar
Ans:- (a)
Q28. What kind of movement was launched by the tribal peasants of Gudem
Hills in Andhra Pradesh?
(a) Satyagraha Movement
(b) Militant Guerrilla Movement
(c) Non-Violent Movement
(d) None of the above
Ans:- (b)
Q29. What do you mean by the term ‘Begar’
(a) An Act to prevent plantation workers to leave the tea gardens without
permission.
(b) The forced recruitment of soldiers in rural areas during World War I.
(c) Labour that villagers were forced to contribute without any payment.
 (d) Refusal to deal and associate with people, or participate in activities as a
form of protest.
Ans:- (c)
Q30. When did the Jallianwalla Bagh incident take place?
(a) On 13 April 1919
(b) On 15 August 1919
(c) On 27 October 1919
(d) On 10 March 1919
Ans:- (a)

ASSERTION AND REASON BASED QUESTIONS

Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed

by a statement of Reason (R) is given.

Mark the correct choice as:

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.

Q1. Assertion (A): Mahatma Gandhi decided to take up the Khilafat issue.
Reason (R): He wanted to bring the Muslims into the fold of nationalist
movement
Ans:- (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q2. Assertion(A): In India the rise of nationalism is associated with the anti-
colonial movement.
Reason(R): The sense of being oppressed under colonialism connected many
different groups together.
Ans:- (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q3. Assertion (A): Gandhiji's idea of 'Satyagraha' emphasised the power of
truth and the need to search for truth.
 Reason(R): Gandhiji believed that a Satyagrahi could win the battle by
appealing to the conscience of the oppressor.
Ans:- (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q4. Assertion(A): Mass processions Were a common feature of the Indian

national movement.
Reason(R): People protested for the benefit of their respective social
groups.
Ans:- (C) A is true but R is false.

Q5. Assertion(A): The Congress and Muslim League entered into compromise in
1927 and formed an alliance.
Reason(R): In 1928 hopes of conference were removed when M.R. Jayakar of
the Hindi Mahasabha strongly opposed efforts of compromise.
Ans:- (D) A is false and R is true.

Q6. Assertion(A): Gandhiji entered the Gandhi Irwin pact on 5th March 1931.
Reason(R): Gandhiji consented to participate in the 2nd Round Table
Conference and the government agreed to release political
prisoners. .
Ans:- (B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Q7. Assertion(A): When Simon Commission reached India it was opposed with
slogans of ‘Simon Go Back’ in1928.
Reason(R): This statutory commission was in India to give suggestions about
constitution system, but didn’t have a single Indian member.
Ans:- (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q8. Assertion(A): The Congress under Mahatma Gandhi tried to connect

different groups together into one movement .
Reasons(R): Unity didn’t come without conflicts.
Ans:- (B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Q9. Assertion(A): To glorify the past of the Indians, images were taken from
Hindu iconography.
 Reason(R): These images were welcomed and celebrated by all the Indians.
Ans:- (C) A is true but R is false.
Q10. Assertion (A): Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points and opened
fire on the crowd, killing hundreds.
Reason (R): His object, as he declared later, was to ‘produce a moral
effect’, to create in the minds of satyagrahis a feeling of
terror and awe.
Ans:- (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

SHORT / VERY SHORT ANSWER type QUESTIONS

Q1. Who had designed the ‘Swaraj Flag’ by 1921? Explain the main features of
the ‘Swaraj Flag’.
Ans: By 1921, Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj Flag. The main features of this flag
were as follows :-
a) It was a tricolour (saffron, green and white).
b) It had a spinning wheel in the centre, representing the Gandhian ideal of
self-help.
Q2. ‘The Civil Disobedience Movement was different from the Non-Cooperation
Movement.’ Support the statement with examples.
Ans: The Civil Disobedience Movement differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement
in the following ways :-

Q3. Why did different social groups join the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Explain.
Ans: Different social groups joined the Civil Disobedience Movement. Three of them
are listed below :--
a) Rich peasant communities like Patidars of Gujarat and Jats of Uttar Pradesh –
joined the movement because, being producers of commercial crops, they were
hard-hit by depression and falling prices. For them, Swaraj meant struggle
against high revenues.
b) Poor peasants joined the struggle because they found it difficult to pay the
rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to be remitted.
c) Rich business classes were against colonial policies which restricted trade.
They joined the movement because they wanted protection against import of
foreign goods. They thought that Swaraj would cancel colonial restrictions and
trade would flourish without constraints.
Q4. Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slow down in the cities?
Explain.
Ans: The Non-Cooperation Movement slowed down in the cities for various reasons.
a) Khadi cloth was often more expensive than mass-produced mill cloth and poor
people could not afford to buy it. So people could not boycott mill cloth for
very long.
b) Similarly boycotting British institutions also posed a problem as there were
no alternative national institutions to fulfil the educational needs.
c) The students and teachers trickled to government schools. The lawyers joined
government courts.
With all these, the enthusiasm of people in the cities lost its force.
Q5. Why did Mahatma Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation
Movement in February 1922? Explain the reasons.
Ans: Gandhiji withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 because of
the following reasons :-
 a) Gandhiji felt the movement was turning violent at many places and the
satyagrahis needed to be properly trained before they would be ready for
the mass struggle.
b) Within the Congress some leaders were by now tired of mass struggles and
wanted to participate in the elections to the provincial councils set up after
by the Government of India Act 1919.
c) The final blow however came after the violent incident in Chauri Chaura in
1922 when a violent mob burnt a police station killing many policemen.
Immediately after that, Gandhiji called off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q6. Describe any three major problems faced by the peasants of Awadh in the
days of Non-Cooperation Movement.
Ans: Major problems faced by the peasants of Awadh were:
a) The landlords and talukdars of Awadh demanded exorbitantly high land rent
and a number of other cesses from the peasants.
b) The peasants were compelled to do begar, that is, they had to work at
landlord’s farm without payment.
c) As tenants, the peasants had no security of tenure and were often evicted
from their land, they could not acquire any right over the leased land.
Q7. How could non-cooperation become a movement? Give your opinion.
Ans: Non-cooperation became a movement in the following ways.
a) The idea of non-cooperation was first introduced by Gandhiji in his book Hind
Swaraj, where he declared that since the British had establised their rule in
India with the cooperation of the Indians, it would collapse only when the
cooperation was withdrawn.
b) Initially non-cooperation was to start in stages with the surrender of British
honours and titles, boycott of British offices, institutions and foreign goods

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 followed by civil disobedience campaign. Finally at Nagpur session of Congress
in 1920, the programme of Non-Cooperation was adopted.
c) In case the government used repressive methods, a full scale Civil Disobedience
campaign would then be launched.
d) At the same time Gandhiji and Shaukat Ali began touring and mobilising
support for the movement.
Q8. Describe any three suppressive measures taken by the British
administration to clamp down on nationalists.
Ans: Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience movement against the
Rowlatt Act which would start with a hartal on 6 April.Alarmed by the popular
upsurge, the British administration decided to clamp down on nationalists.
a) Local leaders were picked up from Amritsar.
b) Gandhiji was barred from entering Delhi.
c) On 10 April, the police in Amritsar opened fire upon a peaceful procession
which led to widespread attack on banks, post offices and railway stations.
Martial law was imposed and General Dyer took command.
Q9. Describe the main features of the ‘Salt March’.
Ans: The main features of the ‘Salt March’ were:
a) Gandhiji started the historic Dandi March (Salt March) from Sabarmati
Ashram, (Ahmedabad) accompanied by 78 trusted volunteers.
b) The distance from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a coastal town on the coast
of Gujarat was 240 miles.
c) The volunteers walked for 24 days, 10 miles a days.
d) Thousands of people came to hear Gandhiji. The explained the meaning of
Swaraj to them.
e) On 6th April, he reached Dandi, violated the salt law and manufactured salt
by boiling sea water.
Q10. How was Rowlatt Act opposed by the people in India? Explain with
examples.
Ans: The Rowlatt Act was opposed by Indians in the following ways:
 a) A non-violent civil disobedience against the unjust law began.
b) There were hartals and rallies organised in the whole of the country.
c) Workers in the railway workshops went on strike.
d) Shops were closed down in protest.
Q11. Explain the reactions of the Indian people against the Rowlatt Act passed
through the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919.
Ans: The Rowlatt Act gave enormous powers to the government to repress
political activities and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for
two years.
a) Indians reacted against this unreasonable act, Gandhiji wanted a non-
violent civil disobedience against the unjust law and decided to start a
hartal on 6th April 1919.
b) Rallies were organised in various cities.
c) People organised hartals all over the country in protest of the Rowlatt Act
and the shops were shut down.
d) Workers went on strike in railway workshops.

LONG ANSWER type QUESTIONS

Q1. Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the
proposed Rowlatt Act of 1919? How was it organized?
Ans:- Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed
Rowlatt Act of 1919 because of the following reasons : -
a) In 1919, Rowlatt Act was hurriedly passed by the Imperial Legislative Council.
Indian members unitedly opposed it.
b) The Act gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities
and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
c) The Act deprived the Indians of their civil rights.
It was organised in the following ways:
 a) Gandhiji wanted a non-violent civil disobedience against such unjust laws.It
started with hartal on 6th April 1919. Rallies were organised in various cities
in India.
b) Workers in the railway work shop went on strike. Shops were closed down in
protest.
Q2. Why did Mahatma Gandhi find in ‘salt’ a powerful symbol that could unite the
nation? Explain.
Ans:- Mahatma Gandhi found in ‘salt’ a powerful symbol that could unite the
nation.
a) On 31 January 1930, he sent a letter to the Viceroy Irwin, stating eleven
demands. The most important demand was to abolish the salt tax.
b) Salt is consumed by all sections of the society, by the rich and the poor alike.
It is one of the most essential items of food.
c) Mahatma Gandhi declared that tax on salt and government monopoly
over its production was the most oppressive step taken by the British
government.
d) Mahatma Gandhi choose salt because all sections of the society could identify
with it and everyone could be brought into a united struggle.
Q3. Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to call off the Civil Disobedience
Movement? Explain.
Ans:- Mahatma Gandhi decided to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement because
of the following reasons :-
a) The British got worried by the developments of Civil Disobedience Movement ‘
and started the arrest of various top Congress leaders.This led to violent
clashes in many parts of the country.
b) When Abdul Ghaffar Khan was arrested from Peshawar, angry crowd
demonstrated in the streets facing armoured cars and police firing many
were killed.
 c) The arrest of Gandhiji led to the attacks on police force, municipal buildings
and law courts by industrial workers in Sholapur.
d) Colonial government got frightened and responded with the policy of brutal
repression.
e) At many places, Satyagrahis were attacked, women and children were beaten
and about one lakh people were arrested. It was under these circumstances,
Gandhiji called off the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Q4. How did Civil Disobedience Movement come into force in various parts of the
country? Explain with examples.
Ans:- The different social groups which participated in the Civil Disobedience
Movement were :
a) In the countryside, the rich peasant communities like Patidars of Gujarat and
Jats of Uttar Pradesh took active part in the movement. They were hard hit
by trade depression and falling prices and were unable to pay the
governments revenue demand. For them Swaraj meant struggle against high
revenue.
b) As depression continued poor peasantry found it difficult to pay the rent.
They joined a variety of radical movements often led by socialists and
communists.
c) Indian merchants and industrialists resented colonial policies which restricted
trade. They were against imports of foreign goods. When the civil disobedience
movement was first launched, they gave financial assistance and refused to
buy or sell imported cloth. To organise business interests, they formed the
Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and Federation of the
Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) in 1927.
d) Some workers participated in the movement with their selective approach
adopted from Gandhian ideas to protest against low wages and poor working
 conditions. There were strikes by railway workers and dockyard workers.
Thousands of workers in Chotanagpur tin mines wore Gandhi caps and
participated in protest rallies and boycott campaigns.
e) Women joined the Civil Disobedience Movement in large number. They
participated in protest marches, manufactured salt and picketed foreign cloth
and liquor shops.
Q5. How did the industrialists relate to the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Analyse their role.
Ans:-
a) During the First World War, Indian merchants and industrialists made huge
profits and emerged as a powerful section. They opposed colonial policies that
restricted business activities because they wanted to expand their business.
b) They formed Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and the
Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) in 1927.
c) They supported the Civil Disobedience Movement when it was launched and
attacked colonial control over the Indian economy.
d) They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods. Most
businessmen came to see swaraj as a time when colonial restrictions on
business would no longer exist and trade and industry would flourish without
constraints
e) Eminent businessmen like Purshotamdas, Thakurdas and GD Birla also came in
support of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Q6. Describe the significance of the Civil Disobedience Movement in the
freedom Struggle of India.
Ans:- The Civil Disobedience Movement was unique and significant in many ways.
a) Unlike the Non-Cooperation Movement, the satyagrahis in the movement broke
various colonial laws.
 b) This was a more successful and widespread mass movement. Thousands of
people in different parts of the country broke salt law, manufactured salt
and demonstrated in front of government offices and factories.
c) The peasants refused to pay revenue and chaukidari taxes. Officials in villages
resigned and forest people violated forest laws.
d) In this movement, the satyagrahis displayed immense courage and sincerity.
Despite the oppression of colonial government, they did not resort to violence
and bravely courted arrests. All Congress leaders were arrested but this
could not break the morale of the people.
e) Another significant feature of the movement was the increased participation
of women. Thousands of women came out of their comfortable life at home to
participate in the mass movement. They demonstrated courage and
determination, broke salt laws and manufactured salt, picketed shops selling
foreign goods and organised various other activities.In the Civil Disobedience
Movement, the business and industrial class also supported the national
leaders by financial assistance and participated in Khadi movement.

SOME MORE MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS :-

1. What are the three causes of the Non-cooperation Movement?
2. What were the economic effects of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
3. What is meant by the idea of “Satyagraha?” Explain.
4. How did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India?
Explain.
5. How had the First World War created a new economic situation in India? Explain with three
examples.
6. How did the rich peasants and women take part in Civil Disobedience Movement?
7. Describe the main features of „Poona Pact‟.
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