Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
Chapter I: Preliminary (Sections 1-2)
Section 1:
• Short Title: The Act is called the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.
• Extent: It applies to the entire territory of India.
• Commencement: It came into force on 1st July 1989.
Section 2:
• Key Definitions:
o Motor Vehicle: Any mechanically propelled vehicle used on roads (e.g.,
cars, bikes, trucks).
o Driver: A person who drives or controls a vehicle.
o Owner: A person in possession or control of the vehicle.
o Public Place: Any place accessible to the public (e.g., roads, streets).
Chapter II: Licensing of Drivers (Sections 3-21)
Section 3:
• Driving License Mandatory: No one can drive without a valid license.
Section 4:
• Age Limits:
o Private Vehicles: 18 years.
o Transport Vehicles: 20 years.
o Motorcycles ≤ 50cc: 16 years (2019 Amendment).
Sections 5-21:
• Licensing Process:
o Learner’s License: Issued after a simple test; valid for 6 months.
o Permanent License: Issued after a driving test.
o Disqualification: License can be revoked for offenses like drunk
driving.
Chapter III: Licensing of Conductors (Sections 22-23)
Section 22:
• Conductor’s License: Required for public transport conductors (e.g., buses).
Section 23:
• Eligibility: Minimum age of 18 years and medical fitness.
Chapter IV: Registration of Vehicles (Sections 39-42)
Section 39:
• Registration Mandatory: No vehicle can be driven without registration.
Section 40:
• Temporary Registration: Valid for 1 month.
Sections 41-42:
• Registration Process: Application to RTO within 7 days of purchase.
Chapter V: Control of Transport Vehicles (Sections 66-86)
Section 66:
• Permit Requirement: Transport vehicles (e.g., buses, trucks) need permits.
Sections 67-86:
• Types of Permits:
o Stage Carriage: For passenger vehicles (e.g., buses).
o Contract Carriage: For hired vehicles (e.g., taxis).
o Goods Carriage: For transporting goods.
Chapter VI: State Transport Undertakings (Sections 88-92)
Section 88:
• State Transport Undertakings (STUs): Special provisions for state-run
transport agencies.
Chapter VII: Vehicle Standards (Sections 52-59)
Section 52:
• Safety Standards: Vehicles must meet construction standards (e.g., brakes,
lights).
Sections 53-59:
• Fitness Certificates: Transport vehicles must undergo periodic fitness tests.
Chapter VIII: Traffic Control (Sections 112-129)
Section 112:
• Traffic Signs and Signals: Compliance is mandatory.
Sections 113-129:
• Regulations:
o Speed Limits: Set by state governments.
o Helmet Rule: Mandatory for two-wheeler riders.
o Accident Reporting: Drivers must report accidents and assist injured
persons.
Chapter IX: International Driving Permits (Sections 130-132)
Section 130:
• International Driving Permits: Required for driving across borders.
Chapter X: No-Fault Liability (Sections 140-146)
Section 140:
• No-Fault Liability: Vehicle owners are liable to pay compensation in
accidents, even without fault.
Sections 141-146:
• Compensation Claims: Procedures for claiming compensation.
Chapter XI: Insurance (Sections 145-164)
Section 145:
• Compulsory Third-Party Insurance: Mandatory for all vehicles.
Sections 146-164:
• Insurance Process: Penalties for non-compliance and claims process.
Chapter XII: Claims Tribunals (Sections 165-173)
Section 165:
• Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT): Handle compensation claims.
Sections 166-173:
• Claims Process: Filing claims and tribunal’s authority.
Chapter XIII: Offenses and Penalties (Sections 177-196)
Section 177:
• General Penalties: Fines for minor offenses (e.g., Rs. 100 for not carrying
documents).
Sections 179-196:
• Specific Penalties:
o Drunk Driving: Fine up to Rs. 10,000 or imprisonment up to 6 months.
o Dangerous Driving: Fine up to Rs. 5,000 or imprisonment up to 6
months.
o Over-speeding: Fine up to Rs. 1,000.
Chapter XIV: Miscellaneous (Sections 197-223)
Section 197:
• Arrest Without Warrant: For serious violations like drunk driving.
Section 200:
• Detention of Vehicles: For unsafe, unregistered, or uninsured vehicles.
Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019: Key Changes
1. Enhanced Penalties
oDrunk Driving: Fine increased from Rs. 2,000 to Rs. 10,000.
o Over-speeding: Fine increased from Rs. 400 to Rs. 1,000–2,000.
o Not Wearing Seatbelts/Helmets: Fine increased from Rs. 100 to Rs.
1,000.
o Driving Without a License: Fine increased from Rs. 500 to Rs. 5,000.
o Driving Without Insurance: Fine increased from Rs. 1,000 to Rs. 2,000.
2. New Provisions
o Section 136A:
▪ Electronic Monitoring: Use of speed cameras, CCTVs, and
ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) for traffic
enforcement.
o Section 194B:
▪ Child Safety: Fine of Rs. 1,000 for not securing children under
14 in child restraints.
o Section 110A:
Vehicle Recall Policy: Manufacturers can recall vehicles if they
▪
fail to meet safety standards.
3. Good Samaritan Guidelines
o Protection for individuals assisting accident victims.
o No liability or harassment for helping injured persons.
4. National Road Safety Board
o Established to formulate policies and enforce road safety initiatives.
5. Hit-and-Run Compensation
oCompensation increased to Rs. 2 lakh (death) and Rs. 50,000 (grievous
hurt).
6. Aggregator Guidelines
o Section 93:
▪ Rules for ride-hailing services like Ola and Uber.
▪ Mandatory compliance with safety and licensing norms.
Additional Information
• Road Safety Fund:
A dedicated fund for road safety measures, including awareness campaigns
and infrastructure improvements.
• Cashless Treatment for Accident Victims:
Mandatory provision for cashless treatment during the golden hour (first hour
after an accident).
• Simplified Licensing Process:
Introduction of online services for license applications, renewals, and vehicle
registration.
• Stricter Norms for Vehicle Manufacturers:
Manufacturers must adhere to stricter safety and emission standards
Chapter I: Preliminary (Sections 1-2)
Section 1: Short Title, Extent, and Commencement
1. What is the short title of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Motor Vehicles Act, 1956
b) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
c) Road Safety Act, 1988
d) Transport Act, 1988
2. When did the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 come into force?
a) 1st July 1988
b) 1st July 1989
c) 1st January 1989
d) 1st January 1988
3. To which territory does the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 apply?
a) Only metropolitan cities
b) Entire territory of India
c) Only rural areas
d) Only state capitals
Section 2: Definitions
4. Which of the following is defined as a "motor vehicle" under the Act?
a) Bicycle
b) Bullock cart
c) Mechanically propelled vehicle used on roads
d) Horse carriage
5. Who is considered a "driver" under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) A person who owns a vehicle
b) A person who drives or controls a vehicle
c) A person who repairs vehicles
d) A person who sells vehicles
6. What is a "public place" as per the Act?
a) A private residence
b) A place accessible to the public (e.g., roads, streets)
c) A government office
d) A shopping mall
Chapter II: Licensing of Drivers (Sections 3-21)
Section 3: Driving License Mandatory
7. Is a driving license mandatory to drive a motor vehicle in India?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Section 4: Age Limits
8. What is the minimum age to drive a private vehicle in India?
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 20 years
d) 21 years
9. What is the minimum age to drive a transport vehicle in India?
a) 18 years
b) 20 years
c) 21 years
d) 25 years
10. What is the minimum age to drive a motorcycle with an engine capacity of ≤ 50cc?
a) 14 years
b) 16 years
c) 18 years
d) 20 years
Sections 5-21: Licensing Process
11. What is the validity period of a learner’s license?
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 1 year
d) 2 years
12. What is required to obtain a permanent driving license?
a) A written test
b) A driving test
c) Both a written and driving test
d) None of the above
13. Which offense can lead to the disqualification of a driving license?
a) Over-speeding
b) Drunk driving
c) Not wearing a helmet
d) All of the above
Chapter III: Licensing of Conductors (Sections 22-23)
Section 22: Conductor’s License
14. Who needs a conductor’s license under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Drivers of private vehicles
b) Public transport conductors (e.g., buses)
c) Goods vehicle drivers
d) Taxi drivers
Section 23: Eligibility
15. What is the minimum age requirement for a conductor’s license?
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 20 years
d) 21 years
Chapter IV: Registration of Vehicles (Sections 39-42)
Section 39: Registration Mandatory
16. Is vehicle registration mandatory under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Section 40: Temporary Registration
17. What is the validity period of temporary registration?
a) 15 days
b) 1 month
c) 3 months
d) 6 months
Sections 41-42: Registration Process
18. Within how many days of purchase must a vehicle be registered with the RTO?
a) 7 days
b) 15 days
c) 30 days
d) 60 days
Chapter V: Control of Transport Vehicles (Sections 66-86)
Section 66: Permit Requirement
19. Which vehicles require permits under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Private cars
b) Transport vehicles (e.g., buses, trucks)
c) Two-wheelers
d) All vehicles
Sections 67-86: Types of Permits
20. Which permit is required for passenger vehicles like buses?
a) Stage Carriage Permit
b) Contract Carriage Permit
c) Goods Carriage Permit
d) Private Permit
21. Which permit is required for hired vehicles like taxis?
a) Stage Carriage Permit
b) Contract Carriage Permit
c) Goods Carriage Permit
d) Private Permit
Chapter VI: State Transport Undertakings (Sections 88-92)
Section 88: State Transport Undertakings (STUs)
22. What are State Transport Undertakings (STUs)?
a) Private transport companies
b) State-run transport agencies
c) International transport organizations
d) None of the above
Chapter VII: Vehicle Standards (Sections 52-59)
Section 52: Safety Standards
23. What must vehicles comply with under Section 52?
a) Emission standards
b) Construction and safety standards (e.g., brakes, lights)
c) Insurance requirements
d) None of the above
Sections 53-59: Fitness Certificates
24. What is required for transport vehicles under Sections 53-59?
a) Periodic fitness tests
b) Insurance renewal
c) Driver training
d) None of the above
Chapter VIII: Traffic Control (Sections 112-129)
Section 112: Traffic Signs and Signals
25. Is compliance with traffic signs and signals mandatory?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only in cities
d) Only on highways
Sections 113-129: Regulations
26. What is the penalty for not wearing a helmet while riding a two-wheeler?
a) Rs. 100
b) Rs. 500
c) Rs. 1,000
d) Rs. 2,000
27. Who sets the speed limits for vehicles in India?
a) Central Government
b) State Governments
c) Local Municipalities
d) Transport Department
Chapter IX: International Driving Permits (Sections 130-132)
Section 130: International Driving Permits
28. What is required for driving across international borders?
a) National Driving License
b) International Driving Permit
c) Vehicle Insurance
d) Vehicle Registration
Chapter X: No-Fault Liability (Sections 140-146)
Section 140: No-Fault Liability
29. Under Section 140, who is liable to pay compensation in case of an accident?
a) The driver
b) The vehicle owner
c) The insurance company
d) The government
Chapter XI: Insurance (Sections 145-164)
Section 145: Compulsory Third-Party Insurance
30. Is third-party insurance mandatory for all vehicles in India?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Chapter XII: Claims Tribunals (Sections 165-173)
Section 165: Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT)
31. Who handles compensation claims under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Civil Courts
b) Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT)
c) High Courts
d) Supreme Court
Chapter XIII: Offenses and Penalties (Sections 177-196)
Section 177: General Penalties
32. What is the penalty for not carrying driving documents?
a) Rs. 100
b) Rs. 500
c) Rs. 1,000
d) Rs. 2,000
Sections 179-196: Specific Penalties
33. What is the penalty for drunk driving under the 2019 Amendment?
a) Rs. 2,000
b) Rs. 5,000
c) Rs. 10,000
d) Rs. 20,000
Chapter XIV: Miscellaneous (Sections 197-223)
Section 197: Arrest Without Warrant
34. For which offense can a person be arrested without a warrant?
a) Over-speeding
b) Drunk driving
c) Not wearing a seatbelt
d) All of the above
This set of MCQs covers all chapters and key provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. Let me
know if you need more questions or further assistance!
provide as much qustion possible and highligt the answer . and provie answer below . include all
the above questions add morer question\
Below is an extended set of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) covering all chapters, sections,
and provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, along with highlighted answers and
a separate answer key at the end. These questions are designed to thoroughly test knowledge
of the Act.
Chapter I: Preliminary (Sections 1-2)
Section 1: Short Title, Extent, and Commencement
1. What is the short title of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Motor Vehicles Act, 1956
b) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
c) Road Safety Act, 1988
d) Transport Act, 1988
2. When did the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 come into force?
a) 1st July 1988
b) 1st July 1989
c) 1st January 1989
d) 1st January 1988
3. To which territory does the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 apply?
a) Only metropolitan cities
b) Entire territory of India
c) Only rural areas
d) Only state capitals
Section 2: Definitions
4. Which of the following is defined as a "motor vehicle" under the Act?
a) Bicycle
b) Bullock cart
c) Mechanically propelled vehicle used on roads
d) Horse carriage
5. Who is considered a "driver" under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) A person who owns a vehicle
b) A person who drives or controls a vehicle
c) A person who repairs vehicles
d) A person who sells vehicles
6. What is a "public place" as per the Act?
a) A private residence
b) A place accessible to the public (e.g., roads, streets)
c) A government office
d) A shopping mall
Chapter II: Licensing of Drivers (Sections 3-21)
Section 3: Driving License Mandatory
7. Is a driving license mandatory to drive a motor vehicle in India?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Section 4: Age Limits
8. What is the minimum age to drive a private vehicle in India?
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 20 years
d) 21 years
9. What is the minimum age to drive a transport vehicle in India?
a) 18 years
b) 20 years
c) 21 years
d) 25 years
10. What is the minimum age to drive a motorcycle with an engine capacity of ≤ 50cc?
a) 14 years
b) 16 years
c) 18 years
d) 20 years
Sections 5-21: Licensing Process
11. What is the validity period of a learner’s license?
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 1 year
d) 2 years
12. What is required to obtain a permanent driving license?
a) A written test
b) A driving test
c) Both a written and driving test
d) None of the above
13. Which offense can lead to the disqualification of a driving license?
a) Over-speeding
b) Drunk driving
c) Not wearing a helmet
d) All of the above
Chapter III: Licensing of Conductors (Sections 22-23)
Section 22: Conductor’s License
14. Who needs a conductor’s license under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Drivers of private vehicles
b) Public transport conductors (e.g., buses)
c) Goods vehicle drivers
d) Taxi drivers
Section 23: Eligibility
15. What is the minimum age requirement for a conductor’s license?
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 20 years
d) 21 years
Chapter IV: Registration of Vehicles (Sections 39-42)
Section 39: Registration Mandatory
16. Is vehicle registration mandatory under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Section 40: Temporary Registration
17. What is the validity period of temporary registration?
a) 15 days
b) 1 month
c) 3 months
d) 6 months
Sections 41-42: Registration Process
18. Within how many days of purchase must a vehicle be registered with the RTO?
a) 7 days
b) 15 days
c) 30 days
d) 60 days
Chapter V: Control of Transport Vehicles (Sections 66-86)
Section 66: Permit Requirement
19. Which vehicles require permits under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Private cars
b) Transport vehicles (e.g., buses, trucks)
c) Two-wheelers
d) All vehicles
Sections 67-86: Types of Permits
20. Which permit is required for passenger vehicles like buses?
a) Stage Carriage Permit
b) Contract Carriage Permit
c) Goods Carriage Permit
d) Private Permit
21. Which permit is required for hired vehicles like taxis?
a) Stage Carriage Permit
b) Contract Carriage Permit
c) Goods Carriage Permit
d) Private Permit
Chapter VI: State Transport Undertakings (Sections 88-92)
Section 88: State Transport Undertakings (STUs)
22. What are State Transport Undertakings (STUs)?
a) Private transport companies
b) State-run transport agencies
c) International transport organizations
d) None of the above
Chapter VII: Vehicle Standards (Sections 52-59)
Section 52: Safety Standards
23. What must vehicles comply with under Section 52?
a) Emission standards
b) Construction and safety standards (e.g., brakes, lights)
c) Insurance requirements
d) None of the above
Sections 53-59: Fitness Certificates
24. What is required for transport vehicles under Sections 53-59?
a) Periodic fitness tests
b) Insurance renewal
c) Driver training
d) None of the above
Chapter VIII: Traffic Control (Sections 112-129)
Section 112: Traffic Signs and Signals
25. Is compliance with traffic signs and signals mandatory?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only in cities
d) Only on highways
Sections 113-129: Regulations
26. What is the penalty for not wearing a helmet while riding a two-wheeler?
a) Rs. 100
b) Rs. 500
c) Rs. 1,000
d) Rs. 2,000
27. Who sets the speed limits for vehicles in India?
a) Central Government
b) State Governments
c) Local Municipalities
d) Transport Department
Chapter IX: International Driving Permits (Sections 130-132)
Section 130: International Driving Permits
28. What is required for driving across international borders?
a) National Driving License
b) International Driving Permit
c) Vehicle Insurance
d) Vehicle Registration
Chapter X: No-Fault Liability (Sections 140-146)
Section 140: No-Fault Liability
29. Under Section 140, who is liable to pay compensation in case of an accident?
a) The driver
b) The vehicle owner
c) The insurance company
d) The government
Chapter XI: Insurance (Sections 145-164)
Section 145: Compulsory Third-Party Insurance
30. Is third-party insurance mandatory for all vehicles in India?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Only for commercial vehicles
d) Only for two-wheelers
Chapter XII: Claims Tribunals (Sections 165-173)
Section 165: Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT)
31. Who handles compensation claims under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988?
a) Civil Courts
b) Motor Accident Claims Tribunals (MACT)
c) High Courts
d) Supreme Court
Chapter XIII: Offenses and Penalties (Sections 177-196)
Section 177: General Penalties
32. What is the penalty for not carrying driving documents?
a) Rs. 100
b) Rs. 500
c) Rs. 1,000
d) Rs. 2,000
Sections 179-196: Specific Penalties
33. What is the penalty for drunk driving under the 2019 Amendment?
a) Rs. 2,000
b) Rs. 5,000
c) Rs. 10,000
d) Rs. 20,000
Chapter XIV: Miscellaneous (Sections 197-223)
Section 197: Arrest Without Warrant
34. For which offense can a person be arrested without a warrant?
a) Over-speeding
b) Drunk driving
c) Not wearing a seatbelt
d) All of the above
