Bautista, Diorine G.

12 HUMSS-A

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Module 1

Explore

Activity 1: Testing your Understanding

1.C 6.D 11.D

2.A 7.B 12.B
3.A 8.A 13.C
4.B 9.C 14.B
5.C 10.C 15.A

Activity 2: Checking your Memory the Past

1.Pre-colonial Period

2.Spanish Colonial Period

-Francisco Baltazar, Fernando Bagongbanta and Gaspar Aquino de Belen, Pedro
Paterno,Jose Rizal,Andres Bonifacio, and Leona Florentino

3.American Period
-Paz Marquez Benitez, Zoilo M. Galang, Juan C. Laya, Fernando Maramag, Jose Garcia
Villa, and Manuel Arguilla and N. V. M. Gonzalez

4.Japanese Period
-Narciso G. Reyes, Liwayway Arceo,N. V. M. Gonzalez, and Macario Pineda

5.Post War and Contemporary Period

-Nick Joaquin, F. Sionil Jose, Alejandro Roces, Edith L. Tiempo, Horacio de la Costa,
Stevan Javellana, Manuel Arguilla, Carlos Bulosan, Amador T. Daguio, Francisco Sionil José,
and Pedro Bukaneg

Activity 5: Tell me the Difference

A. Fiction vs. Creative Nonfiction

1.The main difference between a fiction and creative nonfiction.

The main difference between fiction and creative nonfiction is that fiction is entirely made up
and based on imaginary events, characters, and settings, while creative nonfiction is rooted in
real-life experiences and events but incorporates creative elements to tell a compelling and
engaging story.

B. Popular Fiction

Give the distinguishing features of the following:

2.Science fiction
-Science fiction is characterized by imaginative and speculative elements that often
involve futuristic technology, space exploration, or scientific advancements.

3. Chick literature
- Chick literature typically focuses on the lives, experiences, and relationships of young
women, often with a lighthearted and relatable tone.
4. Ghost stories
- Ghost stories center around supernatural phenomena, spirits, and the paranormal,
creating an eerie and suspenseful atmosphere

C. New and emerging Literary forms

Give the distinguishing characteristic of the following:

5. Flash Fiction
- Flash fiction is extremely short fiction with a word limit typically ranging from 100 to
1,000 words, focusing on brevity and concise storytelling.

6. Slipstream
- Slipstream is a genre that blurs the boundaries between traditional genres,
incorporating elements of both science fiction, fantasy, and mainstream literary fiction.

7. Metafiction
- Metafiction is a style of storytelling that draws attention to the fact that it’s a work of
fiction, often breaking the fourth wall and involving self-aware narrative elements.
8. Magic Realism

D. Electronic Literature

9. What makes an electronic literature different from the earlier forms of literature?
-What makes electronic literature different from earlier forms of literature is its reliance
on digital technology for presentation and interactivity. Electronic literature often includes
hyperlinks, multimedia elements, and interactive features, providing a dynamic reading
experience that goes beyond traditional printed text.

10.What is common among hyper poetry, photo poem, and comics?

-What is common among hyper poetry, photo poem, and comics is their use of
multimedia and digital elements to enhance the literary experience. Hyper poetry includes
hyperlinks and interactive elements, photo poems combine images and text, and comics use
visual storytelling in conjunction with written narratives to convey their stories in unique and
engaging ways.

Deepen

Activity 1: Let’s Compare

A. Man of Earth by Amador T. Daguio

1. 4 stanza
2.
3.ABAB
4 Metaphor
5.Apostrophe

B. A Textula by Frank G. Rivera

6. 3 stanza
7. Filipino values depicted in the poem “A Textula” include hope, resilience, faith, and the
acknowledgment of the miraculous in everyday life.

8. Similarities between Frank Rivera’s “A Textula” and Amador Daguio’s “Man of Earth”
include:

a. Nature and Identity: Both poems explore the relationship between humans and nature.
“Man of Earth” connects the speaker’s identity to nature, specifically bamboo. In “A
Textula,” there’s a sense of wonder and appreciation for the natural world.

b. Spiritual References: Both poems make reference to spiritual or transcendent elements.

In “Man of Earth,” the speaker addresses a spiritual being (the Lord) and seeks
transformation. “A Textula” implies a sense of spirituality through the reference to
miracles and prayer.
 c. Cultural and Philosophical Themes: Both poems touch on cultural and philosophical
themes. “Man of Earth” reflects on cultural beliefs, such as the creation myth that
humans originated from bamboo. “A Textula” emphasizes faith, truth, and the
persistence of hope, reflecting philosophical and cultural values.

While the poems differ in their specific themes and content, these commonalities show a
shared exploration of human existence, nature, and spirituality.

Gauge

1. D. 11.C. 21.A.
2. B. 12.A. 22.C.
3. D. 13.B. 23.A.
4. A. 14.A. 24.A.
5. C. 15.C. 25.B.
6. A. 16.D. 26.D.
7. C. 17.C. 27.C.
8. A. 18.C. 28.B.
9. A. 19.D. 29.A.
10. B. 20.D. 30.D.
Bautista, Diorine G.
12 HUMSS-A

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Module 2

JUMPSTART

Activity 1: Puzzling PUZZLE!

1. Authorial
2. Linguistic
3. Context
4. Historicism
5. Structuralism
6. Feminism
6.(across) Formalism
7. Biographical
8. Marxism
9. Sociocultural

EXPLORE
Enrichment Activity 1: Understand Me !

1.The striking words used in the poem Josephine is “like the wandering of flowers fall shallows”
and “who to these showers came under the earth “
2. There are two meaningful statements in the poem. The first statement is about Josephine
searching for a home, and the second statement is a reminder that a heart beats for her on these
shores.
3. The lines in the poem are cut to create a sense of anticipation and mystery. The use of line
breaks helps in conveying the message of the poem by building a sense of suspense and
curiosity. It leaves the reader wondering about Josephine’s journey and the significance of the
heart beating for her on these shores.
4. There are no rhymes in the poem, and there is no consistent rhythm. The absence of rhyme and
rhythm in this free verse poem contributes to its contemplative and open-ended nature. It allows
for a more natural and emotive expression of the poet’s feelings.
5. Imagery in the poem is relatively subtle, with the most prominent image being that of
swallows as wandering birds, which may symbolize Josephine’s journey. The mention of
Shanghai, China, and Japan creates a sense of distant and exotic locations, contributing to the
sense of adventure and longing in the poem.
6. The mood of the poem is one of yearning and anticipation. The poet seems to express a sense
of longing and hope for Josephine’s safe journey and a reminder that she is not forgotten. The
mood is somewhat melancholic and romantic.
7. The use of language in the poem helps convey its message effectively. The poet’s choice of
words and the structure of the poem create a sense of mystery and a heartfelt message of longing.
The language is evocative and captures the emotions associated with departure and the hope for a
return.

Enrichment Activity 2: Read and Scrutinize!

ASSESSMENT 2:

1. The narrator described his family as healthy, robust, and full of life. They were always in
good spirits, spent time outdoors, and enjoyed laughter.
2. The children of the narrator’s family were healthy, robust, and full of life. In contrast, the
rich man’s children were described as thin and anemic, and they suffered from health
issues, including tuberculosis.
3. The conflicts in the story include the rich man’s accusation that the narrator’s family was
stealing the spirit of his wealth and food by inhaling the aroma of the food prepared in his
house. This leads to a court case where the rich man seeks redress.
4. The narrator’s father did not commit a traditional crime in the legal sense. The rich man
accused the family of stealing the spirit of his wealth and food, which was a metaphorical
and unfounded accusation. The father resolved the situation by offering a payment to the
rich man, symbolizing that he was willing to make amends, although no actual crime had
been committed
5. The narrator’s father paid by filling a hat with coins and presenting it to the rich man as a
symbolic gesture to resolve the conflict. The sound of the coins symbolized the spirit of
the money, and the rich man accepted the payment, leading to the dismissal of the case.

ASSESSMENT 3:

Carlos Bulosan was a Filipino-American writer, poet, and activist who is best known for
his works addressing the Filipino-American immigrant experience in the United States during the
20th century. Born in 1913 in the Philippines, Bulosan faced the challenges of poverty and limited
educational opportunities during his early years. He later moved to the United States in 1930,
following a path that mirrored the experiences of many Filipino immigrants of his time.

“The Story of My Father Goes to Court” is a reflective piece that encapsulates Bulosan’s
personal experiences and the broader themes that shaped his life and writings. The story revolves
around themes of economic disparity, the impact of laughter and happiness, and the clash
between the rich and the marginalized. These themes are deeply intertwined with Bulosan’s own
life experiences and the socio-political climate of his time.

In his own life, Bulosan faced the stark realities of economic hardship and social
injustice, both in the Philippines and the United States. He worked in menial labor jobs, often in
grueling conditions, which gave him firsthand experience of the struggles faced by Filipino
immigrants. These hardships served as the backdrop for his works, including “My Father Goes to
Court,” where the impoverished narrator’s family finds solace in their laughter and well-being
despite their economic struggles. Bulosan’s experiences as a laborer and a migrant worker
exposed him to the plight of fellow Filipinos and inspired him to be an advocate for their rights.

The theme of economic disparity is a reflection of Bulosan’s personal journey and his
observations of the harsh inequalities faced by Filipino immigrants. The story demonstrates the
author’s perspective on how the pursuit of wealth and materialism can lead to moral and
emotional impoverishment. Bulosan’s writing often serves as a critique of American capitalism
and its impact on the lives of marginalized communities, particularly immigrants.

Additionally, the emphasis on laughter and well-being in the story aligns with Bulosan’s
belief in the resilience and strength of Filipino immigrants in the face of adversity. The story
portrays the power of happiness and camaraderie in overcoming economic and social hardships,
a theme that was central to his life and writings. Bulosan saw humor and laughter as essential
tools for coping with the challenges of immigrant life.

In summary, “The Story of My Father Goes to Court” reflects Carlos Bulosan’s own
experiences as a Filipino immigrant in the United States. It illustrates his perspective on
economic inequality, the resilience of marginalized communities, and the power of happiness in
the face of adversity. Bulosan’s life and work are inseparable, and his writings serve as a
powerful voice for the Filipino-American community and all marginalized groups facing social
and economic challenges.

GAUGE
1. D 6. C 11. Feminism 16. Queer Theory
2. C 7. B 12. Marxism 17. Historicism
3. D 8. A 13. Post colonialism 18. Marxism
4. D 9.. C 14. New Historicism 19. Marxism
5. A 10. D 15. Historicism 20. Feminism