YEXT : In Table 5, the results of the phytochemical screening of the various samples of

infusettes were presented.

Table5:samples phytrchochemicel screening

The results in Table 5 showed that, in addition to alkaloids, mucilages and quinones, all
of infusettes contained also phenolic compounds recognized for their various biological
activities (Pascal et al., 2018). Alkaloid in tumeric plant shows that it could be used in curing
headache associated with hypertension, management of cold, chronic catarrh and migraine.
Tumeric plant could be necessary in the management of inflammation, improve sex hormone,
lowering cholesterol, preventing deleterious and cytotoxins and could have antioxidant
property as it had saponin and flavonoid (Pawar et al., 2015). Flavonoids exhibits a range of
biological activities, one of which is their ability to scavenge(Kabera et al., 2014; Abraham et
al., 2018) for biological radicals and superoxide anions radicals and thus health promoting in
action. Flavonoids also exhibits anti-inflammatory, antiangionic, anti-allergic effects,
analgesic and antioxidant properties (Kumar & Sakhya, 2013). The absence of tannins and
cyanogenic compounds was noted in all samples. The absence of tannins could justify the low
acidity of the samples, and the absence of astringent taste (Ikpeama, et al., 2014). Similar
results were obtained with ethanolic, metanolic, chloroformic and acetonic extracts of
Curcuma longa rhizome powder collected in Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria) which revealed the absence
of flavonoids and cyanogenic compounds in all extracts and total phenols in chloroformic
extracts (Okiki, 2017). Abraham et al. (Abraham et al., 2018) reported the presence of
flavonoids and alkaloids and the presence of tannins in the analysis of the methanolic extract
of the powder of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa blanched and subjected to solar drying in
Nigeria. In contrast, methanolic extracts of turmeric powder obtained from rhizomes peeled,
blanched and dried at 65°C revealed the presence of tannins and cyanogenic
compounds(Ikpeama, et al., 2014). The differences observed could be explained by several
factors such as the study method, soil type, climate, plant origin, rhizome harvesting
conditions and periods. Indeed, the environment potentially influences the formation and
expression of secondary metabolites (Duchêne-Massias, 2015). The absence of cyanogenic
compounds indicates the safety of turmeric powder. In fact, these compounds are responsible
for the toxicities due to the production of cyanide ions, a powerful poison with rapid action,
responsible for serious disorders ranging from vomiting, nausea, vertigo and iodine deficiency
to death (Cho et al., 2013). The presence of phenolic compounds in the various samples
confirmed that the postharvest processing adopted in this study did not have a significant
impact on the occurrence of secondary metabolites naturally present in the rhizomes of C.
longa, as revealed by previous work (Colin-Henrion, 2008; Viuda-Martos et al., 2012). These
observations support the usefulness of turmeric plant in remedies for treatment of various
infections. The presence of the same secondary metabolites in the samples from peeled
rhizomes, revealed that the molecules sought are mostly found in the flesh of Curcuma

longa. The yellow color of Curcuma longa came from curcuminoids and in particular from
curcumin which are phenolic compounds with broad spectrum of biological activities. Indeed,
curcumin is recognized for its many properties, in particular itsantioxidant, anticancer and in
the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (Ravindran et al., 2007). To these
properties it could be retained the many other properties of flavonoids and alkaloids in
particular their ability to "absorb" free radicals, anticancer, antiinflammatory, anti-bacterial,
antiviral, analgesic, anticonvulsive, bacteriostatic, fungicide, sedative, antiallergic,
cholesterol-reducing... (Kabera et al., 2014; Abraham et al., 2018), which make turmeric a
plant to promote. Alteration of secondary metabolites would occur during longer heat
treatment even at lower temperatures (Vega-Gálvez et al., 2012). However, according to
Ahmad et al. (2016) studies, higher level of curcumin contents was found sun dried samples
(7.3%) as compared to samples dried in mechanical dryer (5%). This may be due to high
temperature of the drier which was maintained at 60°C for 3 days due to which degradation of
curcumin occur. There is only a small difference in the curcumin content of turmeric rhizomes
dried in both the methods. This small difference in the curcumin content of turmeric rhizomes
dried by two different methods (sun drying versus solar drying) was also observed by
(Gunasekar et al., 2006), who also found higher retention of total curcumin content in sun
dried samples. Curcumin loss during heat processing of turmeric varied from 27 to 53% with
maximum in pressure cooking for 10 min (Jayashree & Zachariah, 2016). Although, the
higher temperature in mechanical drying caused a slight loss of curcumin and oleoresin, the
product is still satisfying the specified Nevertheless, the mechanical oven drying method is
the best possible option for drying of turmeric rhizomes (Ahmad et al. 2016).

Liste des tables :

Table 5:samples phytrchochemicel screening........................................................................................1

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