RESPI/HEMA POST-TEST

1. Which of this explains why epinephrine is given to patient having asthma?

A. It increases patients output thereby relieving the patient difficulty of breathing.

B. It dilates the bronchus thereby enable the patient to breath easily.

C. It loosens mucous secretions of the patient.

D. It relieves dilation of the bronchus.

2. Which of the following positions would you place a client who is having an asthmatic
attack? *

A. lateral

B. orthopneic

C. dorsal recumbent

D. supine

3. A 7-year-old client who’s having epistaxis was brought to the ER. Which of the following
nursing intervention is appropriate for the client? *

A. Let the client sit and tilt the head upwards to prevent aspiration.

B. Apply warm compress.

C. Tell the client to pinch the bony part of the nose.

D. Apply cold compress.

4. The doctor ordered nasal packing with neo-synephrine to stop the client’s bleeding. Which of
the following statement is true regarding nasal packing? *

A. There is no dietary limitation when the nasal packing is inserted.

B. The client should avoid blowing the nose for 2 days after the removal of the nasal
packing.

C. The nasal packing will be placed for 1 day only.

D. The client should avoid taking axillary temperature.

A. Give acetaminophen to relieve client’s decongestion.

B. Apply warm compress to the affected sinus to relieve swelling.

C. Administer antibiotics to relieve pain.

D. Tell the client to decrease fluid intake to prevent nasal congestion.

6. The client who has sinusitis was prescribed to take Beclomethasone. Which of the following
statements indicate that the client understands the use of Beclomethasone? *

A. This medication is used to remove the excess fluid in my sinus.

B. I will have to take this medication before I eat.

C. This medication will relieve the swelling of my sinus.

D. This medication is used to treat the infection in my sinus.

7. Which of the following symptoms would indicate that the client is experiencing an inflamed
maxillary sinus? *

A. Pain behind or between the eyes.

B. Pain at the forehead.

C. Pain at the vertex of the skull.

D. Pain at the client’s cheek.

8. After tonsillectomy, which of the following findings would alert the nurse to suspect early
hemorrhage in the client? *

A. Frequent swallowing or drooling of bright red secretions.

B. Pulse rate of 95 bpm.

C. BP of 110/70 mmHg
D. Body temperature of 32.2C

9. Which of the following intervention is indicated to a client who has undergone

A. Place the client on supine position after the procedure.

B. Give cold beverages like ice cream.

C. Advise the client to avoid cold drinks.

D. Place an ice collar over the client’s neck.

10. Which of the following assessment findings would help confirm a diagnosis of asthma in a
client suspected of having the disorder? *

A. Circumoral cyanosis

B. Increased forced expiratory volume

C. Inspiratory and expiratory wheezing

D. Normal breath sounds

11. Which of the following types of asthma involves an acute asthma attack brought on by an
upper respiratory infection? *

A. Emotional

B. Extrinsic

C. Intrinsic

D. Mediated

12. A client with acute asthma showing inspiratory and expiratory wheezes and a decreased
expiratory volume should be treated with which of the following classes of medication right
away? *

A. Beta-adrenergic blockers
B. Bronchodilators

C. Inhaled steroids

D. Oral steroids

13. Which of the following acid-base imbalance is present in the early stage of asthma? *

A. Respiratory alkalosis

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Metabolic acidosis

D. Metabolic alkalosis

14. A 58-year-old client with a 40-year history of smoking one to two packs of cigarettes a day
has a chronic cough producing thick sputum, peripheral edema, and cyanotic nail beds. Based
on this information, he most likely has which of the following conditions? *

A. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

B. Asthma

C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis

D. Emphysema

15. A 66-year-old client has marked dyspnea at rest, is thin, and uses accessory muscles to
breathe. He’s tachypneic, with a prolonged expiratory phase. He has no cough. He leans forward
with his arms braced on his knees to support his chest and shoulders for breathing. This client
has symptoms of which of the following respiratory disorders? *

A. ARDS

B. Asthma

C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis

D. Emphysema
16. Its highly recommended that clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema have
Pneumovax and flu vaccinations for which of the following reasons? *

A. All clients are recommended to have these vaccines

B. These vaccines produce bronchodilation and improve oxygenation.

C. These vaccines help reduce the tachypnea these clients experience.

D. Respiratory infections can cause severe hypoxia and possibly death in these clients.

17. Clients with chronic obstructive bronchitis are given diuretic therapy. Which of the following
reasons best explains why? *

A. Reducing fluid volume reduces oxygen demand.

B. Reducing fluid volume improves clients’ mobility.

C. Restricting fluid volume reduces sputum production.

D. Reducing fluid volume improves respiratory function.

18. A client with emphysema should receive only 1 to 3 L/minute of oxygen, if needed, or he
may lose his hypoxic drive. Which of the following statements is correct about hypoxic drive? *

A. The client doesn’t notice he needs to breathe.

B. The client breathes only when his oxygen levels climb above a certain point.

C. The client breathes only when his oxygen levels dip below a certain point.

D. The client breathes only when his carbon dioxide level dips below a certain point.

19. You are providing care to a patient with a chest tube. On assessment of the drainage system,
you note continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber and oscillation. Which of the following
is the CORRECT nursing intervention for this type of finding? *

A. Reposition the patient because the tubing is kinked.

B. Continue to monitor the drainage system.

C. Increase the suction to the drainage system until the bubbling stops.
D. Check the drainage system for an air leak.

20. A patient is receiving positive pressure mechanical ventilation and has a chest tube. When
assessing the water seal chamber what do you expect to find? *

A. The water in the chamber will increase during inspiration and decrease during expiration.

B. There will be continuous bubbling noted in the chamber.

C. The water in the chamber will decrease during inspiration and increase during
expiration.

D. The water in the chamber will not move.

21. Carl, an elementary student, was rushed to the hospital due to vomiting and a decreased
level of consciousness. The patient displays slow and deep (Kussmaul breathing), and he is
lethargic and irritable in response to stimulation. He appears to be dehydrated, his eyes are
sunken and mucous membranes are dry and he has a two-week history of polydipsia, polyuria,
and weight loss. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.0, PaO2 90 mm Hg, PaCO2 23
mm Hg, and HCO3 12 mmol/L; other results are Na+ 126 mmol/L, K+ 5 mmol/L, and Cl- 95
mmol/L. What is your assessment? *

A. Respiratory Acidosis, Uncompensated

B. Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

C. Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

D. Metabolic Acidosis, Partially, Compensated

22. A cigarette vendor was brought to the emergency department of a hospital after she fell into
the ground and hurt her left leg. She is noted to be tachycardic and tachypneic. Painkillers were
carried out to lessen her pain. Suddenly, she started complaining that she is still in pain and now
experiencing muscle cramps, tingling, and paraesthesia. Measurement of arterial blood gas
reveals pH 7.6, PaO2 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mmol/L. What does this
mean? *

A. Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

B. Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

C. Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

23. The nurse understands that the client with pernicious anemia will have which distinguishing
laboratory findings? *

A. Schilling’s test elevated

B. Intrinsic factor, absent.

C. Sedimentation rate, 16 mm/hour

D. RBCs 5.0 million

24. The nurse devises a teaching plan for the patient with aplastic anemia. Which of the
following is the most important concept to teach for health maintenance? *

A. Eat animal protein and dark leafy vegetables each day

B. Avoid exposure to others with acute infection

C. Practice yoga and meditation to decrease stress and anxiety

D. Get 8 hours of sleep at night and take naps during the day

25. A client comes into the health clinic 3 years after undergoing a resection of the terminal
ileum complaining of weakness, shortness of breath, and a sore tongue. Which client statement
indicates a need for intervention and client teaching? *

A. “I have been drinking plenty of fluids.”

B. “I have been gargling with warm salt water for my sore tongue.”

C. “I have 3 to 4 loose stools per day.”

D. “I take a vitamin B12 tablet every day.”

26. When a client is diagnosed with aplastic anemia, the nurse monitors for changes in which of
the following physiological functions? *

A. Bleeding tendencies

B. Intake and output

D. Bowel function

27. Which of the following disorders results from a deficiency of factor VIII? *

A. Sickle cell disease

B. Christmas disease

C. Hemophilia A

D. Hemophilia B

28. The nurse explains to the parents of a 1-year-old child admitted to the hospital in a sickle
cell crisis that the local tissue damage the child has on admission is caused by which of the
following? *

A. Autoimmune reaction complicated by hypoxia

B. Lack of oxygen in the red blood cells

C. Obstruction to circulation

D. Elevated serum bilirubin concentration.

29. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the priority nursing diagnosis during a
toddler’s vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis? *

A. Ineffective coping related to the presence of a life-threatening disease

B. Decreased cardiac output related to abnormal hemoglobin formation

C. Pain related to tissue anoxia

D. Excess fluid volume related to infection

30. A pediatric nurse health educator provides a teaching session to the nursing staff regarding
hemophilia. Which of the following information regarding this disorder would the nurse plan to
include in the discussion? *

A. Hemophilia is a Y linked hereditary disorder.

C. Hemophilia A results from a deficiency of factor IX

D. Hemophilia A results from a deficiency of factor VIII

31. The nurse is preparing to teach a client with microcytic hypochromic anemia about the diet
to follow after discharge. Which of the following foods should be included in the diet? *

A. Eggs

B. Lettuce

C. Citrus fruits

D. Cheese

32. The nurse would instruct the client to eat which of the following foods to obtain the best
supply of vitamin B12? *

A. Whole grains

B. Green leafy vegetables

C. Meats and dairy products

D. Broccoli and Brussels sprouts

33. A vegetarian client was referred to a dietitian for nutritional counseling for anemia. Which
client outcome indicates that the client does not understand nutritional counseling? The client: *

A. Adds dried fruit to cereal and baked goods

B. Cooks tomato-based foods in iron pots

C. Drinks coffee or tea with meals

D. Adds vitamin C to all meals

34. The primary purpose of the Schilling test is to measure the client’s ability to: *

A. Store vitamin B12

C. Absorb vitamin B12

D. Produce vitamin B12

35. The nurse implements which of the following for the client who is starting a Schilling test? *

A. Administering methylcellulose (Citrucel)

B. Starting a 24- hour urine specimen collection

C. Maintaining NPO status

D. Starting a 72 hour stool specimen collection

36. A client with pernicious anemia asks why she must take vitamin B12 injections for the rest of
her life. What is the nurse’s best response? *

A. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because the
stomach is not producing sufficient acid.”

B. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because
the stomach is not producing sufficient intrinsic factor.”

C. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an excessive excretion of the vitamin because of
kidney dysfunction.”

D. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an increased requirement for the vitamin because
of rapid red blood cell production.”

37. A client states that she is afraid of receiving vitamin B12 injections because of the potential
toxic reactions. What is the nurse’s best response to relieve these fears? *

A. “Vitamin B12 will cause ringing in the eats before a toxic level is reached.”

B. “Vitamin B12 may cause a very mild skin rash initially.”

C. “Vitamin B12 may cause mild nausea but nothing toxic.”

D. “Vitamin B12 is generally free of toxicity because it is water soluble.”