LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION
CE101-1P
BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN
Objectives
▪ The preparation of building plans and contract
documents
▪ Team players in the planning and construction of a
project
▪ Engineers and consultants required in preparing
building plans
THE PREPARATION OF BUILDING PLANS
AND CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
Building Plans
In general, building plans consist of the following:
•Architectural plans and detailed drawings – (page A)
•Structural design and computations and detail
drawings – (page S)
•Electrical plans, load analysis, computations and
riser diagrams, specifications – (page E)
•Plumbing plans, details of septic vault, diagrams of
plumbing lines, specifications – (page P)
Building Plans
In general, building plans consist of the following:
•Mechanical plans and specifications, if required
•Others such as landscaping and interior designs, etc
Building Plans
Documents forming the part of the building plans
such as:
•Construction Specifications
•Bill of materials and Cost Estimate
•Structural Design Analysis Computations
•Applications for construction permits and utilities
•Other supporting papers or clearances required by
the local government rules and regulations
Building Plans
The plans and companion documents are signed and
dry-sealed by the architect and the engineers who
prepared them. The project owner must also sign
them to signify his approval.
TEAM PLAYERS IN THE PLANNING
AND CONSTRUCTION OF A PROJECT
Participants in the Construction
The principal players assuming lead roles in initiating
a project and preparing and implementing them are
the following:
✓Project Owner or Proponent
✓Architects, Engineers and Consultants
✓Contractor, Builder, Construction Manager or
Administrator
Participants in the Construction
Also playing supporting parts
are financers, real state
brokers, government regulatory
agencies, manufacturers and
distributors of construction
materials, and the construction
workers,
Role of the Participants
Owner – conceives the idea of constructing a
building to serve specific need or purpose.
He also provides the fund to build it. The funding
may come from the owner alone, or through a real
state loan or from investors.
Role of the Participants
Architect is commissioned to conceptualized and to
draw the architectural designs and plans of the
project based on the requirements of the owners and
the building rules and regulations that apply to the
kind of structure to be built.
Role of the Participants
Engineers and Consultant collaborate and work with
the architect by providing the expert advice and
engineering services pertaining to electrical,
plumbing, structural, air conditioning, other
specialized installations to be done on the project.
Role of the Participants
Contractor or Builder is chosen to construct the
structure through a competitive bidding or via a
negotiated contract. The owner may also opt to
undertake the construction by administration with the
help of the project Architect or Engineer designated
as In- Charge of Construction.
ENGINEERS AND CONSULTANTS REQUIRED
IN PREPARING BUILDING PLANS
Construction Work Force
Aside from his regular staff consisting of
draftspersons, architectural designers, estimators,
specifications writers and administrative employees,
the Architect must also avail of the technical
expertise of Engineers and Consultants to assist in
producing all drawings and
accompanying documents
for a given project.
Construction Work Force
Professional Electrical Engineers or Master Electrician
– prepares, signs and dry-seals the Electric Plans,
including the application for an electrical permit to
used by the concerned government
office and utility company to supply
the electric power for the project.
Construction Work Force
Sanitary Engineer or Master Plumber – prepares,
signs and dry-seals the Plumbing Plans, including the
application for an plumbing permit to used by the
concerned government unit.
Construction Work Force
Civil-Structural Engineer – designs and computes the
correct sizes for structural frames and other critical
parts to achieve economy in the construction,
strength, stability and safety of the building; signs
and dry-seals his work.
Construction Work Force
Professional Mechanical Engineer – prepares plans
for mechanical installation; signs and dry-seals the
plans and application for permit to place the
equipment indicated in the drawings.
Construction Work Force
Geodetic Engineer – draws the lot plan based from
the data on the OCT (original Certificate of Title) or
TCT(Transfer Certificate of Title) of the project site if
not yet available; or surveys the land, computes
boundaries; and locates or relocates concrete lot
monuments; signs and seals his work.
Construction Work Force
Other experts, if required by the nature of the project
or by the Owner are: Landscape Architects, Interior
Designers, Environmental Planners, Geo-technical
Engineers, etc.
PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS, LOCATION
AND SITE DEVELOPMENT PLANS
Building Plans
The drawings which are showcased on the first sheet
of the construction plans are the:
a) Perspective drawing
b) Location or Vicinity Map
c) Site development or Plot Plan
Building Plans
Other features of sheet no 1 are the table of
contents, boxes for noting the official actions taken
by different divisions in the Office of the Building
Official which process the plans and supporting
documents before approving and granting the
required construction building permits.
Perspective
Site Development Plan
Vicinity Map
PREPARATION OF THE PRELIMINARY
STUDIES
Objective
▪ Familiarize with Chapters 5-8 of the National
Building Code
▪ Research/plot floor plans based on selected
building structure.
▪ Prepare architectural elevation plans based on floor
plans.
Building Plans
The development of the building design and plans
generally comes in two stages.
First stage, the architect or civil engineer prepares
presentation drawings reflecting his/her best concept
of the project. The plans he/she produced must
conform to the reasonable wishes of the project
owners and the building laws and regulation, among
the other considerations.
Building Plans
The initial drawings produced – commonly called
preliminary studies – are presented to the owner for
approval. A rough estimate of the project cost, which
may be calculated based on the floor area of the
proposed structure is also known.
Building Plans
If the owner is not satisfied with the preliminary plans
and requests for changes, the architect/engineer will
have to go back to the drawing and make the desired
revisions. He/she will present the new drawings to the
owner for study and approval. The owner can make
one or more such requests for plan adjustment before
he gives his approval.
Building Plans
The second stage involves drafting the complete
construction drawings following the approval of the
preliminary design studies.
The detailed drawing and plans would cover all the
architectural, structural, electrical, plumbing and
other construction phases.
Architectural Plans
Composed of the following plans:
➢Floor Plans
➢Elevations: (Rear, Front, Right, Left)
➢Longitudinal and Transverse Sections
Floor Plans
Elevation Plan
Elevation Plan
ASSIGNMENT
▪READ CHAPTERS 1-8 OF THE NATIONAL
BUILDING CODE 2015 edition
