MADAM LAU KAM LUNG SECONDARY SCHOOL
OF MIU FAT BUDDHIST MONASTERY
Mock HKDSE Examination, 2023-2024
Date: 10 Jan 2024
Form: 6 Subject: Chemistry(Paper 2) 12:00 am – 13:00 pm
This paper must be answered in English.
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Write your answers in the Answer Sheet provided.
2. A Periodic Table is printed on this Question Paper. Atomic numbers and relative atomic masses of
elements can be obtained from the Periodic Table.
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2
Section A Industrial Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.
1. (a) Answer the following short questions:
(i) Write TWO equations for the synthesis of methanol from natural gas.
(2 marks)
(ii) Explain why the operating pressure of Haber process is about 200 atm
instead of 1000 atm.
(2 marks)
(iii) The activation energy for the formation of HI(g) from H2(g) and I2(g) is
+160 kJ mol-1 under certain conditions.
H2(g) + I2 (g) 2HI(g) ΔH = 9 kJ mol 1
What is the activation energy for the decomposition of HI under the same
conditions?
(1 mark)
(b) A student used the following set-up to perform electrolysis of brine in the school
laboratory.
H+
Cl
H+
Cl
Na+ OH Na+ OH
(i) Write a half equation for the reaction occurred at the cathode.
(1 mark)
(ii) The student claimed that the resultant solution is pure sodium hydroxide
solution. However, his/her teacher did not agree with him/her. Explain why.
(2 marks)
(iii) Suggest an industrial method to obtain pure sodium hydroxide solution from
brine.
(1 mark)
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(c) Ester N undergoes alkaline hydrolysis according to the following equation.
N A B
(colourless) (colourless) (yellow)
(i) Suggest a method that can be used to study the progress of the reaction.
(1 mark)
(ii) The kinetics of the hydrolysis of 0.01 M ester N is studied under two
different hydroxide ion concentrations at a certain temperature.
Experiment I: [OH] = 0.5 M
Experiment II: [OH] = 1.0 M
The following graph shows how the concentration of N varied with time in
the two experiments.
Concentration of N (M)
Experiment I
Experiment II
Time (min)
(1) Using the graph above, determine the initial rates of reactions in
Experiments I and II.
(2 marks)
(2) Using your results in (1), deduce the order of reaction with respect to
OH-.
(2 marks)
(3) Given that the order of reaction with respect to N is 1. Write a rate
equation for the alkaline hydrolysis of N.
(1 mark)
(4) Calculate the rate constant for this reaction at that temperature.
(2 marks)
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(d) Aluminium hydroxide is a common active ingredient in antacids. To synthesize
aluminium hydroxide, two different pathways can be utilized.
Pathway I:
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O 2NaAl(OH)4
2NaAl(OH)4 + H2SO4 2Al(OH)3 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Pathway II:
2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
(i) By calculating the atom economy of each pathway, deduce which pathway
is greener.
(Formula masses: H2O = 18.0, Al = 27.0, NaOH = 40.0, Al(OH)3 = 78.0,
H2SO4 = 98.1, Al2O3 = 102.0)
(2 marks)
(ii) Explain whether Al2O3 or Al is a greener feedstock for synthesizing
aluminium hydroxide. (1 mark)
END OF SECTION A
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Section B Materials Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.
2. (a) Answer the following short questions:
(i) Chitin can dissolve in sodium hydroxide solution. Explain this phenomenon.
(2 marks)
(ii) Consider the following compound which exhibits liquid crystalline
behaviour.
State TWO structural features of the above compound that make it exhibit
liquid crystalline behaviour.
(2 marks)
(iii) Suggest one use of silver nanoparticles in daily life.
(1 mark)
(b) Urea-methanal is a polymer commonly used in making electric sockets. The
following diagram shows a part of the structure of urea-methanal:
(i) Write the structural formulae of the monomers of urea-methanal.
(2 marks)
(ii) Explain whether urea-methanal is an addition polymer or a condensation
polymer.
(1 mark)
(iii) Suggest why the polymerization of urea-methanal can be regarded as a
green process.
(1 mark)
(iv) With reference to the structure of urea-methanal, explain why urea-methanal
can be used in making electric sockets.
(2 marks)
(v) Suggest a moulding method for making electric sockets.
(1 mark)
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(c) Iron exists in two forms. It has a body-centred cubic structure below 900C, but
it has a cubic close-packed structure between 900C and 1400C.
(i) Draw the unit cell for the body-centred cubic structure of iron.
(1 mark)
(ii) State the number of iron atoms in a unit cell of the body-centred cubic
structure.
(1 mark)
(iii) Given that the density of iron is 7.92 g cm3 and the volume of the unit cell
is 2.34 × 1023 cm3. Calculate the value of Avogadro number (L).
(2 marks)
(iv) Compare the packing efficiency of atoms in body-centred cubic structure
and cubic close-packed structure.
(1 mark)
(v) Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. It is stronger than pure iron.
(1) What is the meaning of the term ‘alloy’?
(2) With reference to the structure of steel, explain why steel is stronger
than pure iron.
(3 marks)
END OF SECTION B
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Section C Analytical Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.
3. (a) Thin-layer chromatography is an effective way to identify some compounds in
opioids.
Morphine, codeine and thebaine can be identified by this method. The structures
and Rf values of the three compounds are shown in the table below:
Compound Morphine Codeine Thebaine
Structure
Rf value 0.04 0.10 0.40
(i) Write an expression of Rf value in chromatography.
(1 mark)
(ii) Copy the diagram below in your answer book and mark the position of the
spot for thebaine in the analysis.
(1 mark)
(iii) Silica gel is used as the stationary phase in thin-layer chromatography. By
considering the number of hydroxyl group in the three compounds and their
Rf values, predict whether silica gel is a polar substance.
(2 marks)
(iv) Papaverine is another compound that can be found in opioids. Its structure
is shown below:
Student A suggests that the Rf value of papaverine is around 0.02 while
student B suggests that it should be around 0.75. Which student do you agree
with? Explain your answer.
(1 mark)
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(b) Chlorine bleach contains sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as the active ingredient.
A student carried out the following experiment to determine the concentration of
NaOCl in a bleach sample.
Step 1: Dilute 25.0 cm3 of chlorine bleach to 250.0 cm3.
Step 2: Pipette 25.0 cm3 of diluted solution to a conical flask.
Step 3: Add excess dilute sulphuric acid and potassium iodide solution to the
conical flask.
Step 4: Titrate the solution with 0.1 M sodium thiosulphate solution.
(i) State the observable change in Step 3.
(1 mark)
(ii) Suggest a suitable indicator for the titration and state the colour change at the
end point.
(2 marks)
(iii) Calculate the molarity of sodium hypochlorite in the original bleach solution
if 18.40 cm3 of 0.1 M sodium thiosulphate solution is required to reach the
end point of the titration.
(Relative atomic masses: Na = 23.0, O = 16.0, Cl = 35.5)
(3 marks)
(c) Compound Z is a carbon compound. Analysis of Z shows the following results:
(1) It gives a neutral solution when dissolved in water.
(2) It has a pleasant fruity smell.
(3) It contains 54.6% carbon, 9.1% hydrogen and 36.3% oxygen by mass.
The infrared spectrum and mass spectrum of Z are shown below:
Infrared spectrum:
Transmittance (%)
Wavenumber (cm1)
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Mass spectrum:
Relative intensity (%)
m/z
(i) Deduce the molecular formula of Z.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)
(3 marks)
(ii) With reference to its infrared spectrum and other given information, suggest
a functional group present in Z.
(4 marks)
(iii) Suggest one chemical species corresponding to each of the peaks at m/e =
29 and m/e = 57.
(2 marks)
Characteristic Infrared Absorption Wavenumber Range
(Stretching modes)
Wavenumber range /
Bond Compound type
cm–1
C=C Alkenes 1610 to 1680
C=O Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives 1680 to 1800
C≡C Alkynes 2070 to 2250
C≡N Nitriles 2200 to 2280
O–H Acids (hydrogen-bonded) 2500 to 3300
C–H Alkanes, alkenes and arenes 2840 to 3095
O–H Alcohols, phenols (hydrogen-bonded) 3230 to 3670
N–H Amines 3350 to 3500
END OF SECTION C
END OF PAPER
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