Cambridge IGCSE™

CHEMISTRY 0620/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) February/March 2025
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*3799107699*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator. Reminders :)
1- Take breaks,
INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
don’t burnout.. you’re a
 Each correct answer will score one mark. human, not a machine.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.
 The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper. 2- Solve with a timer of
45mins, aim to finish in
the first 30mins and leave
the last 15mins to revise
3- Skip questions you find
difficult(get back to them
later)-> to maximize time
management.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB25 03_0620_22/5RP
© UCLES 2025 [Turn over
 Cambridge IGCSE™

CHEMISTRY 0620/22
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) February/March 2025
45 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*3799107699*

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.
 The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB25 03_0620_22/5RP
© UCLES 2025 [Turn over
 2 no effect

1 The diagrams show containers of gas at the same temperature. All containers have the same
size. "Same size"

Which container contains gas at the highest pressure?

A B C D
3
We will

pick the

one with

greatest
number of

2 A cooling curve for a substance is shown. particles

88
per unit
volume.
U
- gas
-
W
Liquid
gas temperature V (condensation) -
Liquid solid Y
X (Freezing/ solid
-

time

Which statement is correct?

XA Between U and V, the substance is condensing.

XB Between V and W, heat is being absorbed from the surroundings.
- -
-

C Between W and X, the particles are close together and randomly arranged.
D Between Y and Z, the substance is changing from a liquid to a solid.
>
-
-
-

Freezing

3 Samples of four gases are released in a room at the same time.

The gases are carbon dioxide, CO2, hydrogen chloride, HCl, hydrogen sulfide, H2S, and
nitrogen dioxide, NO2. > 16 16 14
- + + b ↓
I 46
1 + 35 5 .

1+ 1 + 32
Which gas diffuses fastest?
= 36 5 .

34
=

A carbon dioxide *

12 + 16 + 16
B hydrogen chloride = 44

C hydrogen sulfide
D nitrogen dioxide

↓ Mr = P rate of Diffusion

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 3 S S
16 e-
4 Sulfur atoms can form the negative ion S2–.
18
2 8 6
Three other atoms or ions are listed. ,
,

2 8
, 8 ,

● argon, Ar >
- 18

● calcium, Ca = 20e- A

● oxide, O2– >

-

10 A

How many of these atoms or ions have the same electronic configuration as S2–?

A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

5 Element T has two isotopes, 126 T and 146 T.

- -
Same
config .

Similarical properties.
Which statement about these isotopes is correct?

X A They have different chemical properties because they have different numbers of neutrons.
-

B They have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of outer shell
electrons. +
P
XC They have the same nucleon number because the sum of the number of protons and
electrons is the same.
D They have different positions in the Periodic Table because they have different numbers of
-
-

neutrons. protons

6 Lithium is in Group I of the Periodic Table. Nitrogen is in Group V of the Periodic Table.

Lithium reacts with nitrogen to form the ionic compound lithium nitride, Li3N.

What happens to the electrons when lithium atoms and nitrogen atoms form ions?

lithium nitrogen

⑧
A each lithium atom loses one
electron to form an Li+ ion
-
each nitrogen atom gains three
electrons to form an N3– ion
-

B each lithium atom loses one

-
each nitrogen atom gains five
electron to form an Li+ ion electrons to form an N5– ion
-

C X each lithium atom gains one each nitrogen atom loses three
electron to form an Li– ion electrons to form an N3+ ion
D X each lithium atom gains one each nitrogen atom loses five
electron to form an Li– ion electrons to form an N5+ ion

LitN3
3-
+

·Ni zi
⑧
L ge +

Li N Li

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25 [Turn over

 4

7 For which covalent compound does the dot-and-cross diagram correctly show the outer shell
electrons?

AX B x0C D X

H Cl H Cl H N H H N H
H H

8 Which row identifies the positive and the negative particles present in a giant metallic lattice?

positive particles negative particles

=

-
layers of
positivion
+ + +

AX anions X cations t
-00
t t

BX anions X delocalised electrons 00 · delocalised

O

+ + t electrons
C cations anions

&
D cations delocalised electrons

t
9 Which formula for the named compound is correct?
..
Cal
& 02
+
Car
A calcium oxide, CaO
-
↑
p - Metallic Bond :

B cobalt(II) chloride, Co2Cl * Co Ci - CoCIz

The electrostatic

C sulfur dioxide, S2O2 * SO, Attraction Force

metal ion
Between +

D anhydrous copper(II) sulfate, Cu(SO4)2 * cu So, - cuso

, delocalised
& O
negative
electron .

10 The equation for the reaction of magnesium with dilute sulfuric acid is shown.
1 1
:

: 1 :

ma-
Mg + H2SO4  MgSO4 + H2

#24
120x0 5
.

=0
mass
[Mr: MgSO4, 120] A

mass

mol Mr Which mass of magnesium sulfate is formed when 12 g of magnesium completely reacts with
dilute sulfuric acid?
-

mass = mol XMr

O
mol x 120
mass
A 5g B 10 g C 60 g D 120 g
=

Find mol
&
0 5 ma
H O
11 An organic compound, Q, contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.
.

C
(By ratio mass : 40 6 .
7 53 3 .

Q contains 40.0% carbon and 6.7% hydrogen by mass. Ar : 12 I 16

mol : 3 33
.

6 7 .
3 .

33
What is the empirical formula of Q? = 3 33-

=3 .
33 - 3 .
33

b b b
A CHO B CH2O C C2HO2 D C3H6O3 1 : 2
: I

C Hz0 ,
,

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 HJa
Tatoms
H-
M
-

I mol 5 H

23 2 (6 02x1023) x = 4 .
816x10
12 The value of the Avogadro constant is 6.02  10 . x
.

-
What is the total number of atoms in 2.00 mol of ammonia gas?

A 1.20  1024 B 2.41  1024 C 4.82  1024 D 2.89  1025 000

13 Three aqueous solutions, L, M and N, are electrolysed using inert electrodes.

Imol of 0
-G .

02X
↓
+ or
H Ci
L is concentrated hydrochloric acid. -
H
+

OH
2x(6 02 x1023)
.
atoms-

M is concentrated aqueous sodium chloride.

-

N
-

N is dilute aqueous sodium chloride. >

-

Nat Ci
H" OH-
Ez =
yellow
Which solutions produce a pale yellow-green gas at the anode?
Lock
Cle
green gas
=

A L and M B L only
-
C M and N D N only
X X
-

14 Dilute sulfuric acid is electrolysed using inert electrodes.

H- OH What are the ionic half-equations for the reactions that take place at each electrode?
anode
I 50 2
, positive electrode
-
negative electrode

A X 2H+ + 2e–  H2 4OH–  2H2O + O2 + 4e–

B X 2H+ + 2e–  H2 4OH– + 4H+  4H2O
C 4OH–  2H2O + O2 + 4e– 2H+ + 2e–  H2
D 4OH– + 4H+  4H2O 2H+ + 2e–  H2
40H - - 45 + 21+ +
0

15 Which statements about hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells are correct?

D 1 They convert chemical energy into electrical energy.~

H-0 2 Hydrogen is reduced in the fuel cells. X

Hy +
02 -

3 They do not produce any atmospheric pollutants. -

A 1, 2 and 3
-
B 1 and 2 only- O
C 1 and 3 only D
X
2 and 3 only
X X

NB
-
* Endothermic
Electrolysis :

* Electrical E .
-

> Chemical energy

* Exothermic
Fuel cell :

Chemical
* E .
-
> Electrical E.
© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25 [Turn over
 6

16 The reaction pathway diagram for the reaction between P and Q to form R and S is shown.

Which letter represents the enthalpy change for the reaction?

AH = +ve

O
D

energy
activ
energy B
R + S

C
j
T
P + Q -

A
progress of reaction

setro
17 The equation for the complete combustion of methane is shown.
-

CH4(g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

The table shows some bond energies.

Reactants Product

I
:
bond energy :
0 -

bond -
H
in kJ / mol H

H- -
H
C–H 410
0 =
C = 0

It b 10 -

↓ C=O 805 0 H
H
↓ 2C =

4C -
H
O=O 496 b

(2x496) 2632kJ/mo
( xy(0) (2x805) 4) H
=
+ O
O–H 460
-

What is the enthalpy change for this reaction? V (4x + 60)

A –1458 kJ / mol L

B –818 kJ / mol
>
3450kJ/ma
C –359 kJ / mol
D +102 kJ / mol A

18 Which change is a physical change? Small Recap

A T
cracking an alkane energy
·

energy
out

Pr
b
B evaporating ethanol Product
↓
Reactant -
>
To
C fermenting glucose X To
Break form
D neutralising an acid X
Bonds
Bonds

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 7

19 Which statements explain why increasing the temperature in a reaction involving gases increases
the rate of reaction?

~1 It increases the collision frequency between the gas particles.

X 2 It lowers the activation energy. - Catalyst

~3 It increases the kinetic energy of the gas particles.

X4 It increases the number of gas particles per unit volume. Pressure
&

A 1 and 3
=
=>
B 1 and 4
- -
XC 2 and 3
-
XD 2 and 4
-

20 The equation for the reaction between ammonia and oxygen is shown.
[9] [10]
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = –909 kJ / mol
en do

X
Which two changes to the reaction conditions will both move the position of equilibrium to the
right?

change 1 change 2

A X increasing the temperature decreasing the pressure

B X increasing the temperature increasing the pressure
C decreasing the temperature increasing the pressure
D decreasing the temperature decreasing the pressure

21 Mercury(II) oxide, HgO, decomposes when heated.

The equation is shown. 27

1
& e2- j

2HgO  2Hg + O2
-

Why is this a reduction reaction?

A The products weigh less than the reactants.

B There are fewer reactants than products.
C There is a gain of oxygen.

O
D There is a loss of oxygen.

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25 [Turn over

 +
H
Ht
Ht

22 Some information about two dilute acids is shown. short

·
To
↑
acid concentration
dilute acid pH
in mol / dm3 Ht
nitric acid 0.1 1.0 plt b

propanoic acid 0.4 I 2.6

-

Three statements about the acids are listed.

↑ 1 Nitric acid has a lower pH because it dissociates more than propanoic acid.
- -
-

~2 Propanoic acid has a lower concentration of hydrogen ions than nitric acid.
3 Propanoic acid has a higher pH because it has a higher concentration.
-

Which statements are correct?

8
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C
X
2 only
X
D 3 only

23 Element E is a metal in Group I of the Periodic Table and element G is a non-metal in Group VII.
-

Both of these elements form oxides.

-

Basic
Which statement about their oxides is correct? Metal Oxides to

Non
metal Acidic
A Both oxides are acidic. X >
-

Oxides b
B Both oxides are basic. X except
H ,0
neutral
-
11

C The oxide of E is acidic and the oxide of G is basic.

-
-

CO
-

D The oxide of G is acidic and the oxide of E is basic.

insoluble salt. ppt

24 Lead(II) sulfate is an -

Which method is suitable for obtaining pure solid lead( II) sulfate?

X A Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium sulfate, heat to evaporate all of the
water, collect the solid and then wash and dry it. -

X B Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium sulfate, filter, collect the filtrate,
&
-
- -
crystallise, then wash and dry the crystals.

C Mix aqueous lead(II) nitrate and dilute sulfuric acid, filter, then wash and dry the residue.

- D Titrate aqueous lead(II) hydroxide with dilute sulfuric acid, crystallise, then wash and dry the
crystals.

Ob (NO) a
I
NO
N

Obso
© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25
 Sio
Silica
② y Allotropes of C
cements [Diamond
-

Graphite 9
~ no of outershell
25 The elements oxygen and sulfur are in the same group of the Periodic Table.
-

Which statement about oxygen and sulfur is not correct?

-

A They are non-metals. - ↓ b

B They have giant covalent structures.
Color
·

gets
- C They have six electrons in the outer electron shells of their atoms. -
Marker

~D They react together to form an acidic oxide. yellow ·

Reactivity +
-
·
MP BD ↑
green ·
density #
26 Tennessine, Ts, is at the bottom of Group VII of the Periodic Table.
orang
&
liquid
What are the predicted properties of tennessine at room temperature? Brown vapor
purple
O
on
A a black solid, more dense than iodine
-

X B a black solid, more reactive than iodine

-
-

X C a colourless gas, less dense than chlorine

-

XD a colourless gas, less reactive than chlorine

-

27 An example of sacrificial protection is the fitting of zinc blocks to the outside of a ship’s steel hull.
- -

Which statement explains why zinc is used to protect the iron in the steel from rusting?

O
A Zinc is more reactive than iron so it loses electrons more easily.
-

XB Zinc is less reactive than iron so it loses electrons more easily.

C Zinc is more reactive than iron so it gains electrons more easily.
-

X D Zinc is less reactive than iron so it gains electrons more easily.

28 Which statement about alloys is correct?

A Alloys are harder than pure metals because they contain strong intermolecular forces. X
-

XB Brass is an alloy containing mainly copper and tin.

C The different-sized atoms in an alloy mean that the layers cannot easily slide over each
other.
-

D There are no alloys containing carbon because carbon is a non-metal.

-
- -

-
-

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25 [Turn over

-
 10
Aluminium
29 Separate pieces of aluminium foil and copper foil are heated in air.
---
The copper foil reacts to give a black solid. Protective
low
density unreactive
The aluminium foil does not react.
% ...

↓
oxide layer
↓
Which statement explains these observations? used in
Resist
aircraft
O A Aluminium has an unreactive layer, but copper does not.
bodies
corrosion

used in
So
B Aluminium is below copper in the reactivity series.
Food containers
C Copper reacts with moisture in the air, but aluminium does not. &
Cutteries :

D Copper reacts with nitrogen in the air, but aluminium does not.

30 Which row gives the symbol equation for the formation of carbon monoxide and for the reduction
of iron(III) oxide in a blast furnace?
-

roXo
equation for the formation equation for the reduction
of carbon monoxide of iron(III) oxide

A X 2C + O2  2CO FeO + CO  Fe + CO2

-
FO20s
E BX CO2 + C  2CO FeO + CO  Fe + CO2 hematite
-
-

C X C + O2  CO2 Fe2O3 + 3CO  2Fe + 3CO2

-
- -

Si0z
-
O
D CO2 + C  2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO  2Fe + 3CO2
-

I
-

Reducing agent -Ca0 + 10

CaCO ,

31 A sample of river water contains a high concentration of nitrates from fertilisers.

-- -
-

Which statements about the river water are correct?

Ca Si0--CaSiO
-
+

1 It has a boiling point of 100 °C. X

↑ BP -

~2 Its melting point is below 0 °C.

↓ Mp Blue- Pink
3 It turns anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride from pink to blue. CoCIzs6H ,
0
calciua
T4 It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulfate from white to blue. CuSO, .
SH , 0

X
A 1 and 3
X
B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3
- - O
D 2 and 4
- -

32 Which statements about the treatment of domestic water supplies are correct?
a filtration
1 The water undergoes sedimentation to remove dissolved solids. X
-
-

~ 2 The water is filtered to remove insoluble solids.

-
- -

3 The water is treated with carbon to improve the taste.

- - >
Activate cor in

X 4 The water is chlorinated to decrease the pH.

-

A 1 and 2
-

X
B 1 and 4
10 C -
2 and 3 D 3 and 4
X

© UCLES 2025
kill 0620/22/F/M/25

Microbes.
 78 % Nz
11
x100 C1 % O
G 3
33 An experiment to find the percentage of oxygen in 150 cm of polluted air is shown.
0 04 %
.

CO2
He0 damp
-- measuring cylinder
iron wool
-

↑ 150 cm3 of
0 9% .

argon .

02
polluted air
-

IS o

water

122
The apparatus is left for one week.

After this time, the volume of gas in the measuring cylinder is 122 cm3.
-

What is the percentage of oxygen, to the nearest whole number, in the polluted air?

O
A 19% B 21% C 28% D 81%

34 Nitrogen monoxide, NO, and carbon monoxide, CO, are both removed from the exhaust gases of
a car by a catalytic converter.
-

Which statement describes how nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are removed by a
catalytic converter?

A Nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are both reduced. X

B Nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are both oxidised. X

⑤
C Nitrogen monoxide is oxidised and carbon monoxide is reduced.
D Nitrogen monoxide is reduced and carbon monoxide is oxidised.

35 Propan-1-ol is oxidised by acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII) in a similar way to

ethanol. -y agent
Which compound is produced by the oxidation of propan-1-ol with acidified aqueous
potassium manganate(VII)?

A CH3CH2OH

Alcohol

G
B CH3CH2CH2OH
C CH3COOH
3
ox.
O
D CH3CH2COOH

70% CH,CH ,
COOH Carboxylic
acid
Nu CO

No + Co - Co + N2

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25 [Turn over

Buteng Ch

C -
2 -

C = 2 12 - H
I -
C -

C -

C
-G
- H

36 The structural formula of methyl propane is CH3CH(CH3)CH3. I

If
-

The equation represents the reaction of methyl propane with chlorine. It IIt

C4H10 + Cl 2  C4H9Cl + HCl

How many structural isomers with the molecular formula C4H9Cl can be formed from this
reaction?

A 1 O
B 2 C 3 D 4

37 Which statements describe disadvantages of manufacturing ethanol by fermentation? A

- -

X1 The process uses a renewable resource.X

2 ~The process produces impure ethanol. - fractional dist.

3 X The process requires a high temperature.

4 ~The process is slow.

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 0

D 2 and 4
X X
-

38 Nylon is made in a polymerisation reaction.

Which row describes the type of polymerisation and identifies the other product of the reaction?

type of
other product
polymerisation

A X addition water
B X addition none

p
C condensation water
D condensation none

39 Which ion forms a green precipitate with aqueous sodium hydroxide that dissolves in an excess
of aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A Ca2+ B Cr3+
O C Cu2+ D Fe2+
X X X
insoluble
in excess

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 13

40 A mixture of soluble substances can be separated by paper chromatography. Each substance

can be identified using its Rf value.

Which formula shows how the Rf value is calculated?

distance travelled by solvent

A Rf =
distance travelled by substance

O B Rf =
distance travelled by substance
distance travelled by solvent
< I

C Rf = distance travelled by solvent – distance travelled by substance

D Rf = distance travelled by solvent  distance travelled by substance

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 14

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

 15

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2025 0620/22/F/M/25

© UCLES 2025

The Periodic Table of Elements

Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
0620/22/F/M/25

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

16
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba lanthanoids
Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra actinoids
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).