8B Unit 7-8 校内知识梳理 (教师版)

【语言点解析】

1. have some pocket money left

left 为 leave 的过去分词，意为“剩余的，遗留的，未使用的”

，置于被修饰词之后，用作后置定语。

剩下的时间不多了，我们赶紧吧。

___ We have little time left. Let’s hurry up.___

2. further

further 是 far 的比较级形式之一，既可以表示程度上“进一步”

，也可以表示距离上“更远”
。在句中

可以作定语或状语。

farther 也是 far 的比较级形式之一，表示具体距离的远近。

我们的英语老师下个月将到国外进行深造。

____ Our English teacher will have further study overseas/abroad next month. ____

3. per cent

意为“百分之……”
。“数词+ per cent + of +名词”意为“百分之……的……”
。当“数词 + per cent + of

+名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式要与 of 后的名词的数保持一致。

Sixty-five per cent __A___ the patients ___________ the elderly in this hospital.

A. of; are B. of; is C. /; are D. /; is

4. especially adv. 特别，尤其

specially adv. 专门的，特别的

① Smoking is bad for our health, _ especially _ for the children’s health. (specially/especially)

② The robot is _ specially _ designed for the disabled. (specially/especially)

5. proud adj.

be proud of (doing) sth. / be proud to do sth. / be proud that ...

能成为队中的一员，我感到非常自豪。

_ I’m proud to be/ of being a member of the team. / I’m proud that I am a member of the team. __

pride n.

the pride of... / take pride in

I'm the pride of my parents. = ___ My parents take pride in me. ____

6. carry on doing sth. / carry on with sth. 继续做某事/某事

I’ll carry on with the work while you are away.

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 I carried on _ doing __ (do) my homework after a rest.

7. spread

① n. 传播，扩散 the spread of some serious diseases

② v. （使）散开；扩散, 过去式和过去分词均为 __ spread __。

他所有的私人文件都被散得满地都是。

__ All his private documents were spread on/ all over the ground. __

8. mind

① n. 头脑、精神、理智、意向、想法

make up one’s mind to do sth. = __decide_ to do = make a __decision_ to do

Blue is a calm color and it can bring peace to our __mind__ (心理) and body.

② v. 介意 mind doing sth. / mind sb/sb’s doing sth.

Would you mind me __tying__ (捆) the package with rope, Miss Li?

9. get/be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于某事/做某事

used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

be used to do 被用来做……

Most people __B__ pay in cash, but now they are used to ________ that mainly through WeChat and Alipay.

A. used to; do B. used to; doing C. were used to; do D. were used to; doing

10. mostly 与 most

mostly adv.，意为“主要地；多半地；大部分地”。 The audience consisted mostly of kids.

most ① adj，意为“最多的；多数的；大部分的”。 Most fish have fins.

② pron.，意为“许多；许多人（或物）”。 Most of my friends live in London.

I used to think ancient buildings were __mostly__ (most) palaces, like the Forbidden City. But here in the tulou,

people still live.

11. allow

① 常用动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。allow sb. to do sth.

② 搭配动名词短语作宾语，不可直接用动词不定式作宾补，即 allow doing sth.

They allowed smoking in this room only.

③ 还常与 out, in, up 等副词搭配使用，即 allow sb. in/out/up 等。She is not allowed out after dark.

As soon as Eddie finishes the job, he _B_ to have two weeks off.

A. allows B. is allowed C. will allow D. will be allowed

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12. depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于

Good health depends on healthy diet and exercise.

— Are you going to Millie’s birthday party this weekend?

— __D__. Work is always waiting.

A. All right B. Thank you C. Good idea D. It depends

13. run out 被耗尽，被用完。不及物动词短语，主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。

我们知道太阳能用之不尽。

__ It’s known to all that solar energy will not run out. _____

run out of 用完，是及物动词短语，主语只能是人。

他把红墨水用完了。

___ He has run out of the red ink. __________

14. make a difference 有影响，起作用

make a difference to ... 对……有影响，起作用

difference 前面也可用 some、much、no、big 等词修饰。

这份报告对结果没有影响。

__ This report made no difference to the result.________

15. living 活着的；现存的

多用作定语，指人或物 She has no living relatives.

拓展：living 可作名词，意为“生计，生存之道”

He made a _living__(live) by writing.

16. harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to =do harm to 对……是有害的

harmless adj. 无害的 harm n. 危害

80% of Indians think that television is harmful to society and especially to children.

It is well known that no cigarette is completely harmless.

Hard work never does anyone any harm.

17. Instead, we should take our own bags when shopping.

① instead 意为“代替，替代”，作副词，常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。

② instead of 是介宾短语，其意与 instead 相同，后面常接宾语（如：名词、代词和 v.ing）

。

We’ll ask Li Mei instead of Mary.

Lily isn’t here. Ask Lucy instead.

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 ③ instead 与 instead of 的转换。

他没有回答我，反而问了我另外一个问题。

He didn't answer me, __ instead __, he asked me another question.

=He asked me another question ____ instead of__ answering me.

【语法讲解】

一、被动语态（一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态）

英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

① 被动语态(passive voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。

② 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态的谓语动词由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，其中 be 动词有各种时态的变化，动作的执行者置于句

末，用 by 连接（有时可省略）
。

1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 动词的过去分词

2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 动词的过去分词

3.使用被动语态的一般情况：

① 不知道或是没必要指出动作的执行者；

② 为了强调动作的承受者；

③ 要表达“被……”。

4.使用被动语态的注意点：

① There be 句式没有被动语态；

② 不及物动词没有被动语态；

③ 主动句中的宾语是反身代词时不能变为被动语态；

④ 系表结构的句子没有被动语态；

⑤ 动词短语变成被动语态时应该视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略；

The patient was looked over carefully by the doctor.

⑥ 使役动词 (let/make/have 等）和感官动词 (see、hear、watch、notice 等) 在主动语态中，用不带 to 的

动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，动词不定式符号 to 要还原。

I heard Nick sing English songs. = __ Nick was heard to sing English songs _____.

<Exercises>

根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。

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1. The fire lasted for half an hour before it _____________ (put) out by the firemen.

2. __________ English ___________ (speak) in many European countries?

3. — When ___________ the patient ___________ (take) to hospital? — About two hours ago.

4. In computer lessons, students _____________ (show) how to write computer programs.

5. Cities will be greener if more trees ________________ (plant).

6. The 29th Olympic Games ______________ (hold) in Beijing in 2008.

7. Chinese ______________ (speak) by more and more foreigners in the world now.

8. Some money ______________ (give) to the poor people by the government last year.
was put; Is spoken; was taken; are shown; are planted; were held; is spoken; was given
二、被动语态（一般将来时的被动语态）

1. 结构：

① 主语+will be +动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）

② 主语+is/am/are going to be +动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）

2. 否定句、疑问句的变化和一般将来时一样，否定句中对 will 或者 is/am/are 进行否定，疑问句中将 will

或者 is/am/are 提前至句首。

<Exercises>

一、单项选择。

( B ) 1. I believe that those mountains _______ with trees in a few years’ time.

A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover

( B ) 2. _______ a talk on science ______ in our school next Monday?

A. Will; give B. Will; be given C. Has; given D. Has; been given

( C ) 3. A new shopping mall _______ next year.

A. has been built B. has built C. is going to be built D. is going to build

二、将下列句子改为被动语态。

1. They will build another bridge in the city next year.

Another bridge _ will be built ___ in the city next year.

2. They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.

A lot of pop stars __ are going to be invited ___ to the charity show this evening.

3. We are going to hold a parents’ meeting tomorrow.

A parents’ meeting _ is going to be held __ tomorrow.

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【巩固练习】

一、重点短语

1. 为……提供基础教育 ________________ 16. 习惯做某事 ________________

2. ……的平等权利 ________________ 17. 减少空气污染 ________________

3. 阻止严重疾病的传播 ________________ 18. 过着绿色生活 ________________

4. 医学治疗 ________________ 19. 被分成…… ________________

5. 在(飞机/轮船/火车）上________________ 20. 不被允许做某事 ________________

6. 给某人动手术 ________________ 21. 在公共场合 ________________

7. 做某事感到自豪 ________________ 22. 限制空气和水污染 ________________

8. 继续某事/做某事 ________________ 23. 取决于 ________________

9. 主要在贫困地区 ________________ 24. 丰富的资源 ________________

10. 分发传单 ________________ 25. 用完，耗尽 ________________

11. 创建，建立 ________________ 26. 几乎不产生污染 ________________

12. 组织其他活动 ________________ 27. 起作用 ________________

13. 下定决心做某事 ________________ 28. 回收空瓶 ________________

14. 防止某人生病 ________________ 29. 做一次调查 ________________

15. 不停地问我自己 ________________ 30. 遵循这些小措施 ________________

1. provide basic education for 2. the equal rights of 3. prevent the spread of serious diseases
4. medical treatment 5. on board 6. operate on sb. 7. be proud to do sth.
8. carry on with sth./ doing sth. 9. mostly in poor areas 10. hand out leaflets
11. set up 12. organize other activities 13. make up one’s mind to do sth.
14. prevent sb. from getting illnesses 15. keep asking myself 16. get/ be used to doing sth.
17. reduce air pollution 18. live a green life 19. be separated into... 20. be not allowed to do sth.
21. in a public place 22. limit air and water pollution 23. depend on 24. rich resources
25. run out 26. produce little pollution 27. make a difference to(sb./sth.)
28. recycle empty bottles 29. do a survey 30. follow these small steps
二、根据句意、中文提示或英文释义，写出句中所缺单词。

1. Everyone in the game has the ____________ (平等的) chance.

2. We couldn’t ___________ (have enough money to buy or to do something) a trip to Hainan, so we went to

Zhejiang instead.

3. The old man looked a bit __________ (苍白的) than usual after the operation.

4. I enjoyed sports very much, ____________ (特别) tennis.

5. In China, women now have the same ___________ (权利) as men.

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6. It is known to everyone that noise pollution can __________ (导致) a lot of trouble.

7. It is not right to _________ (let someone do something) students to use mobile phones at school.

8. All __________ (活着的) animals and plants are all part of the Earth family..

9. The air has been __________ (污染) seriously. It’s hazy every day.

10. Too much smoking ___________ (伤害) people’s health.

11. You will be ___________ (惩罚) if you are found copying others’ homework,

12. The factory plans to __________ (生产) more than a million tons of steel this year.
1. equal 2. afford 3. paler 4. especially 5. rights 6. cause
7. allow 8. living 9. polluted 10. harms 11. punished 12. produce
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Be quick! There is little time ___________ (leave).

2. This kind of medicine can prevent AIDS from _________ (spread) among people.

3. Andy Lau’s music is ____________ (most) loved by the post-70s.

4. We celebrate Christmas by ____________ (give) presents to each other.

5. He used to ___________ (come) to school at 7 in the morning.

6. Project Hope _______ (support) by the money that people all over the world donate.

7. I am used to ___________ (get) up early in the morning.

8. Mrs. Lin is too busy ________ (explain) any of the long sentences right now.

9. We were too tired to walk any ____________ (far).

10. Playing computer games too much may lead to __________ (blind).

11. The _________ (collect) secondhand textbooks are for the poor students in the mountain areas.

12. The air ___________ (pollute) in China is quite serious these years. We need to take action now.

13. If your time is spent _________ (wise), you can do more work and have more rest.

14. Many Chinese paintings __________ (display) in the museum tomorrow.

15. To provide water for the local people, a well (井) _________ (dig) here last month.
1. left 2. spreading 3. mostly 4. giving 5. come 6. is supported
7. getting 8. to explain 9. further/farther 10. blindness 11. collected 12. pollution
13. wisely 14. will be/ are going to be displayed 15. was dug
四、单项选择。

( )1. -- He’s asked to finish the task as soon as he can, ________ he?

-- Yes. He has to report it in the meeting tomorrow.

A. is B. doesn’t C. hasn’t D. isn’t

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( ) 2. Harry Potter, a series of books ________ J.K. Rowling, is loved by many children from different countries.

A. is written by B. is written with C. written by D. writing by

( ) 3. -- Smart phones can be used _______ pay for things in many shops now.

-- That’s true. My phone is often used ________ a purse.

A. to; for B. to; as C. for; as D. for; for

( ) 4. The charity _________ homeless people ________ food and clothes.

A. provides; for B. provides; with C. offers; to D. offers; with

( ) 5. -- Could I go fishing this afternoon?

-- You may go fishing if your work ________.

A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done

( ) 6. The sick man _________ to hospital by the policeman an hour ago.

A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took

( ) 7. She used to ______ in the morning, but now she is used to _______ at night.

A. read; read B. read; reading C. reading; read D. reading; reading

( ) 8. The World Cup _____ every four years. The next one will be held in Russia.

A. takes place B. is taken place C. has taken place D. is taking place

( ) 9. The new CD _______ so well that it _______ out in all the shops.

A. is sold; sells B. sells; sells C. is sold; is sold D. sells; is sold

( )10. In the story, one of the smallest animals was made _______ the tiger something to eat.

A. bring B. to bring C. brought D. bringing

( )11. Wendy’s room looks so tidy with every piece of furniture ______.

A. at a place B. in place C. in a place D. at place

( )12. As we all know, many heart problems are caused ________ smoking.

A. for B. by C. with D. to

( )13. To be honest with you, the job is done _______ to make your boss pleased.

A. too careless B. careless enough C. too carelessly D. carelessly enough

( )14. Because Mr Wang drinks too much, both his health and his family ______.

A. have harmed B. are harmed C. has harmed D. is harmed

( )15. -- Our gas ______. How far are we from home?

-- Don’t worry. There is only a few kilometers to go.

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 A. is running out B. has run out C. is run out D. will be run out

( )16. -- Going to Japan on vacation? Are you joking?

-- ______. I have been saving money for it since last year.

A. That’s true B. Of course C. No problem D. I am serious

( )17. This kind of electrical car is much faster. _______, it saves much energy.

A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

( )18. -- A lot of sports cars _____ sometime next week in the exhibition centre.

-- Cool! But I prefer taking the metro and going green.

A. will display B. are going to display C. were displayed D. will be displayed

( )19. -- Our city is not so clean as before.

-- It’s a pity. If everyone takes part, it will be _______ in a short time.

A. separated up B. cleared up C. cleaned up D. cut up

( )20. -- Why are more and more countries starting to use new types of energy?

-- Because they cost _______ and are renewable(可再生的).

A. little B. cheap C. low D. much

DCBBA BBADB BBCBA DADCA
五、按要求改写句子。

1. The old man couldn’t hear the news clearly. (改为同义句)

The old man was ________ ________ hear the news clearly.

2. Millie often invites us to her birthday party. (改为被动句)

We ________ _________ ________ to Millie’s birthday party.

3. The first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. (用 people 作主语改写句子)

________ _________ the first Oxfam shop in 1948.

4. This kind of toilet is sold in Japan only. (对画线部分提问)

________ this kind of toilet _______?

5. The teacher made him hand in homework before class.(改为被动句)

He was ________ _______ hand in homework before class by the teacher.

6. We can save water by taking shorter showers.(对画线部分提问)

_________ ________ _________ save water?

7. Our government has many laws to protect the environment.(对画线部分提问)

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 _______ _______ your government _______ many laws?

8. Nature reserves can provide food and shelters for wildlife.(改为同义句)

Nature reserves can provide________ ________ food and shelters.

9. The film is going to be shown in the cinema tonight.(改为否定句)

The film________ ________ _______ _________ _______in the cinema tonight.

10. 现在我该下定决心好好学习英语了。(翻译)

Now, it is time for me to ________ ________ _______ _______ _______ learn English well.
1. unable to 2. are often invited 3. People opened 4. Where’s sold 5. made to
6. How can you 7. Why does have 8. wildlife with 9. isn’t going to be shown 10. make up my mind to
【强化训练】

一、完形填空。

The December day started like any other. Papa came back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for

the family. Seven-year-old Jack was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ran around the yard. That day

seemed peaceful, but Bubu ____1____ better.

Bubu felt shaking in his legs, and his ears perked up (竖着), listening for what had already ____2____. Bubu

made a crying sound, and Mama said, “Sh!” Bubu barked (狗吠), and Jack complained, “Quiet, I’m trying to

____3____.”

Suddenly, a strange roaring (轰鸣) sound began. Papa ran to a nearby building’s roof to ____4____ what was

happening. But Bubu knew better. The shaking of the ground traveled up his padded paws. He wanted to run, but

he didn’t dare to ____5____ his family.

“Why were they ____6____? Didn’t they know that a great earthquake had reared under the ocean and would

soon bring strong waves onto the land?” Bubu thought.

And then Papa shouted with ____7____ from the rooftop, “Tsunami (海啸). Run!”

Mama cried, “Sons, come on!” She grabbed (抓) a little one under each arm. “Jack, run! You’re fast and strong.

Follow me up the ____8____. Fast!”

But the roar had gotten louder, ____9____ her words. All that Jack had heard was, “Run!” And he ran back

home where he thought he would be ____10____. Bubu barked and barked, but the tsunami made it ____11____ to

hear his voice, too.

Bubu gently bit Jack’ feet, but the boy wouldn’t move. “____12____!” Jack pushed the dog away, but Bubu

would not give up. He grabbed Jack’ shirt in his ____13____. He pulled and pulled until his mouth broke. With all
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his strength, he pulled Jack’ back outside and hit him from behind. Finally, the boy ____14____.

Bubu ran toward the hill, looking back to make sure Jack was following. They raced uphill as the huge wall of

____15____ ran after them. Bubu and Jack didn’t stop running until they reached higher up the hill and met their

family. And they had a mother-father-brothers-dog thankful hug.

( ) 1. A. knew B. grew C. felt D. became

( ) 2. A. returned B. moved C. started D. stopped

( ) 3. A. sleep B. speak C. think D. listen

( ) 4. A. deal with B. find out C. worry about D. look through

( ) 5. A. come B. travel C. miss D. leave

( ) 6. A. cooking B. waiting C. playing D. complaining

( ) 7. A. pain B. anger C. pity D. fear

( ) 8. A. hill B. bottom C. boat D. land

( ) 9. A. passing on B. cutting off C. slowing down D. leaving out

( ) 10. A. warm B. brave C. safe D. free

( ) 11. A. hard B. possible C. late D. clear

( ) 12. A. Run B. Go C. Come D. Look

( ) 13. A. feet B. paws C. teeth D. legs

( ) 14. A. refused B. understood C. promised D. shouted

( ) 15. A. wood B. sand C. stone D. water

ACCBD BDABC ABCBD

Will, a 16-year-old boy from New York, started a charity activity to fight against food waste in 2022.

Will saw many people on the subway ____1____ food every day. He felt sorry that he was unable to help

them, ____2____ he didn’t have much money as a student. At the same time, he ____3____ that a lot of good food

was thrown away in school dining hall. To solve the problem of food waste, Will decided to do ____4____. He

invited some classmates to join him. But they didn’t know where and how to start.

____5____, they got an idea from their history teacher. The teacher ____6____ them to work with community

fridges. There food such as bread, milk and fruit is provided for people in need. So Will and his classmates offered

the spare ____7____ in the school dining hall to the Loisaida Community Fridge. So far, they have donated 3,000

pounds of food to people across the city from ____8____ school.

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 “Many families are too poor to ____9____ basic food, so I want to help them. I hope students in other schools

can do the same thing ____10____ us. There are over 1,700 public schools in New York. If every public school has

such an ____11____, they will be able to give away over a million pounds of food each year,” said Will.

Will is ____12____ that they can give a helping hand to people in need. With their help, more people can get

____13____ they need from the community fridges. ____14____, people can get close to each other when they visit

these fridges. “People who have a lot are giving to those who don’t. It’s really ____15____. I think it’s helpful in

building a wonderful society.” added Will.

( ) 1. A. take up B. ask for C. go through D. look after

( ) 2. A. so B. but C. because D. and

( ) 3. A. laughed B. showed C. picked D. noticed

( ) 4. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing

( ) 5. A. Politely B. Luckily C. Angrily D. Sadly

( ) 6. A. trained B. warned C. advised D. caused

( ) 7. A. time B. money C. space D. food

( ) 8. A. his B. her C. its D. their

( ) 9. A. afford B. take C. carry D. give

( ) 10. A. for B. as C. from D. above

( ) 11. A. introduction B. instruction C. activity D. award

( ) 12. A. proud B. sorry C. amazed D. worried

( ) 13. A. how B. where C. what D. when

( ) 14. A. However B. Moreover C. Anyway D. Otherwise

( ) 15. A. meaningful B. similar C. humorous D. possible

BCDAB CDDAB CACBA
二、阅读理解。

“Don't tell anyone” is likely a phrase you have heard before or after someone tells you a secret. But why is it

so hard not to spill the beans? One Baylor College of Medicine expert explains why this is a challenge.

“Secrets often include something that someone does not take pride in. They've chosen someone to tell the secret,

but don't want other people to know about it because they feel like if it gets out, it could damage (破坏) their fame,”

said Dr. Asim, Shah, professor in the Meninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor.

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“However, it can be hard for the person to keep that to themselves because it may become a burden (负担).”

As soon as you tell somebody not to repeat your secret, people want to share it with somebody, Shah explained.

Also most people have a confidant (知已), so when you share information with yours, keep in mind that they likely

will share it with their own confidants.

With secrets so often getting out, why do people share them in the first place? One reason is that people often

feel like it will help them keep close friendship with others, Shah said. However, connecting telling someone your

secrets with how close you are to them is not always advisable. It is important for people to understand that they

can have close relationships without sharing their secrets unnecessarily.

Another reason why people often tell a secret is that they feel guilty (负罪的) for keeping it, Shah said. For

example, if your friend tells you a secret but you do not share it with your close friends, you may feel guilty for not

telling them. If you do not share certain things with your close family members, a sense of distrust can develop.

Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone.

He added that people who are more talkative may by accident let a secret out but that does not necessarily

mean it is a good idea to share secrets with someone who is quieter. If somebody is quiet and keeps everything in,

it may cause them to have more stress, and finally they will talk to somebody.

If you do not want to be responsible (负责的) for keeping someone's secret, it is best to be honest and tell the

person you do not want to know his or her secret.

“If you end up accidentally sharing a secret with somebody else, it is best to be honest and let the person know

that you shared his or her secret,” Shah said.

( ) 1. What does the underlined phrase “spill the beans” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. share the secret B. face the challenge

C. keep the secret D. avoid the challenge

( ) 2. The writer wants to tell us that ________.

A. quiet persons are sure to keep the secret for you

B. talkative persons will by accident let out a secret

C. everyone has a confidant to share secrets with them

D. we could hurt our friends if we let out their secrets

( ) 3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A. Close friends should share secrets with each other.

B. Sharing secrets will help you get the trust of someone.

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 C. Real friendship shouldn't be based on whether to share secrets.

D. It is unnecessary to keep secrets.

( ) 4. In Shah's opinion, if your friend shares your secret with others, it is ____.

A. unacceptable B. understandable C. unbelievable D. unforgettable

ADCB
B

Have you ever seen a poster for a product in a place you didn’t expect? Or have you ever been surprised by

a group of strangers who suddenly started singing and dancing together to advertise a service? People in advertising

call this “guerrilla marketing”. It’s a term that describes low-cost and unusual marketing strategies (策略) that catch

people off guard.

Guerrilla marketing is different from traditional marketing because it doesn’t use typical marketing platforms

like print, TV, or online advertising. It’s also a lot cheaper. It was first designed for small businesses with less money,

but these days many large companies are trying this clever and affordable strategy.

Coca-Cola is one such company. It once placed a special vending machine on a college campus. If students

bought a bottle of Coca-Cola from the machine, they got two extra bottles free of charge to give to their friends.

Sometimes, a hand came out of the machine and gave customers flowers instead of an extra drink. People loved it!

Coca-Cola filmed customers enjoying this special “happiness machine” and posted the video online. Many people

watched the video and shared it with their friends, and the company enjoyed free publicity.

IKEA—one of the world’s largest furniture companies—also gave guerrilla marketing a try. To celebrate the

30th anniversary of its most popular bookcase, IKEA decided to try something different. It teamed up with a charity

called the Australian Literacy and Numeracy Foundation to set up the world’s largest outdoor library. The location?

On a beach! IKEA displayed its bookcases on Sydney’s Bondi Beach and filled them with over 6, 000 books. People

got to see IKEA’s bookcase in use and find something interesting to read at the same time.

( ) 1. What is the writer’s purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To describe how successful guerrilla marketing is.

B. To show why guerrilla marketing is successful.

C. To show when guerrilla marketing began.

D. To explain what guerrilla marketing is.

( ) 2. The underlined phrase “off guard” means ________.

A. not spending much money

B. doing something unusual

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 C. not expecting a surprise

D. waiting for something new

( ) 3. IKEA probably chose Bondi Beach to show its products because ________.

A. it was a future location for IKEA’s store

B. it was an unusual place to see books

C. it was near a public library

D. it was near an IKEA store

( ) 4. Why does the writer mention Coca-Cola and IKEA?

A. They are both well-known companies around the world.

B. They both use traditional marketing strategies.

C. They both spend a lot in advertising their products.

D. They are both successful examples of guerrilla marketing.

DCBD
三、任务型阅读。
A
Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s
hearts go into rapid decline (下降) when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the
fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said
the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK. “Within the heart there are
millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced
in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old
woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied
more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the
confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said
Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that
women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
Title: Hearts and Long ____1____

Problem l Men live ____2____ than women.

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 l The gender (性别) ____3____ between men and women makes them live for different
Main cause
years.

l Men’s hearts become ___4___ powerful than before when they reach middle age.
l Women’s hearts can ____5____ strong as before.
Results of the
l Over ____6____ of the cells in the hearts die in men.
research
l On the other hand, the cells in a 70-year-old woman’s heart can be as strong as a 20-year-
old one’s ____7____ she is not healthy.

l If men want to live longer, they should ____9____ regularly to keep their hearts healthy.
____8____
l Women also need to do sports to make their leg muscles bigger and ____10____.

1. Life 2. shorter 3. difference 4. less 5. keep/ remain/ stay

6. one-third 7. unless 8. Suggestions/Advice 9. exercise 10. stronger
B
Mobile phone history
Not long ago, mobile phones were used mainly by business people and government officers in society. In the
US, mobile phone users were about 340,000 in 1985. Now there are 205 million mobile phone users in the US.
Studies also show that over half of children in the US own their own personal mobile phones. The mobile phones
explosion (激增) has led to a huge number of waste phones. The number of mobile phones users has also increased
throughout the world. In the middle of 2005, the number of total users jumped to 2.4 billion worldwide.
Mobile phone waste
When people throw their mobile phones away, they usually end up in the open air. Mobile phones include some
materials like lead, mercury and cadmium. They can go into public drinking water and food and do harm to people’s
health. About 75 percent of mobile phone users don’t throw their phones away. Instead, they prefer to keep the waste
ones sitting around the house as they are not worth very much. People are also afraid that others may know their
information if they sell their waste phones. Less than 20 percent of them are recycled each year.
Benefits of recycling mobile phones.
Mobile phones have valuable materials inside. The most valuable material is gold, which is used in the phone
circuit boards. Recycling can make greenhouse gas emissions (排放物) fewer and keep natural resources like gold.
If all of the waste phones in the US are recycled, it will save enough energy to offer over 194,000 U.S. families
electricity (电) for one year.
How mobile phone recycling __________
Many people do not know the ways to recycle mobile phones. One method is to take the working parts of
broken phones, then combine (使结合) them with the working parts of other used mobile phones to make one ready-
to-use mobile phone. Another method of mobile phone recycling is to melt (熔化) down and separate parts of the
phone in order to get the valuable natural resources, such as gold and platinum. Plastic and glass can also be recycled
from used mobile phones.

The used mobile phones

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 ____1____ with the condition in 1985, there are more mobile phone users at present.
Mobile phone
More than 50 ____2____ of the children in America have their own personal mobile phones.
history
The mobile phone explosion has ____3____ a huge number of waste phones.

Some materials such as lead, mercury and cadmium in the mobile phones are ____4____ to
Mobile phone people’s health.
waste Three-quarters of the users would rather ____5____ the waste phones sitting around the house
____6____ of throwing them away.

Benefits of Recycling can ____7____ greenhouse gas emissions and keep natural resources like gold.
recycling It can ____8____ plenty of electricity for American families if the waste phones are recycled.

How recycling One way is to join the working parts of broken used phones ____10____.
____9____ Another way is to melt down and separate parts of the phone to get natural resources.

1. Compared 2. percent 3. caused 4. harmful 5. keep

6. instead 7. reduce 8. provide 9. works 10. together

四、首字母填空。

US sea animals get angry

“Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was attacked by a sea lion in California, US.

Usually considered a friendly animal, many (1)b_____________ the sea lion went crazy because it was poisoned

(毒害) by algae (海藻).

The “criminal” is a toxin (毒素) from a (2)h_____________ algae called Pseudo-nitzschia (拟菱形藻).

According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (or NOAA Fisheries) (美国国家海洋渔业局), more than

100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins (3)i_____________ by this toxin.

John Warner, CEO of the Marine Mammal Care Center in Los Angeles, told the BBC that these animals don’t

really attack people. “These animals are reacting to the fact that they are (4)s_____________,” he said. For example,

when sea lions are affected by the toxin, they often appear very tired, confused (混乱的) and have seizures (癫痫).

They might (5)e_____________ get angry, reported The Guardian.

Pseudo-nitzschia grows fast when deep ocean water moves up to the (6)s_____________. This brings nutrients

that help the algae grow. Fish eat the algae and get the toxin, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they

will feel uncomfortable.

However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the Pseudo-nitzschia showed up earlier than (7)u_____________.

The outbreaks (爆发) also happen more often and are harder to see coming.

17
 Climate change is a big (8)r_____________ for this, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean

(9)c_____________ make it easier for the algae to grow. Moreover, some scientists also think wildfires in Los

Angeles might play a (10)r_____________. Large wildfires have caused the ocean near the beach to have more

nutrients.

1. believe 2. harmful 3. influenced 4. sick 5. even

6. surface 7. usual 8. reason 9. conditions 10. role

B

Thousands of years ago, the ancient Chinese used bamboo slips (竹简) to record their knowledge. Today, this

legacy (遗产) has become the inspiration for the China Pavilion at Expo 2025 Osaka (大阪世博会中国馆).

The pavilion looks like an (1)o_____________ bamboo scroll (卷轴) on the outside with lines and passages

from works of classical Chinese literature. Adopting the aesthetics (美学) of Chinese classical garden design, the

building also highlights harmony between man and nature.

Covering an area of about 3,500 square meters, the China Pavilion is one of the largest self-built foreign

pavilions at the (2)e_____________. Despite its size, the building is environment-friendly. It uses a reversible

modular (模块化的) construction approach. Some 3,700 parts were pre-made in China and then (3)t_____________

to Japan for on-site assembly (组装).

The (4)t_____________ of China’s exhibition is “Building a Community of Life for Man and Nature — Future

Society of Green Development.” The pavilion features a wide range of exhibits on traditional culture, ecological

civilization and technological innovation.

Using advanced technologies, the China Pavilion offers cultural experiences that (5)b_____________ ancient

and modern times. Selected ancient Chinese paintings have been transformed into immersive experiences (沉浸式

体验). Visitors can learn firsthand how people in ancient China worked in and with nature. (6)A_____________

multimedia installation (装置) is related to China’s agricultural legacy: the 24 solar terms. These exhibits reflect

China’s ecological (7)w_____________ throughout history.

The scroll of ecological civilization (8)s_____________ on. The next section of the pavilion features real-life

examples of ecological conservation efforts in various regions of China.

A third section gives some insights into China’s innovative technologies. One of the visitors’ favorites here is

lunar soil samples. They were brought back from China’s Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 missions to the moon. They are

the most precious items (9)p_____________ at the pavilion. Visitors can observe the samples in detail through

special lens (透镜) installations.

18
 The China Pavilion reflects the country’s commitment to green and sustainable (可持续的) development. The

Chinese people have learned from nature, preserved it and further explored it. Now we are showing the world how

we did it and (10)i_____________ the international community to join us in its progress because in a community

of life, we all need to work together.

GLOBAL TIMES

1. open 2. event 3. transported 4. theme 5. bridge

6. Another 7. wisdom 8. spreads 9. presented 10. inviting

五、语法填空。

“Kids can make a (1)d_____________.” Craig Kielburger said. When Craig was 12, he started a group that

has helped kids all over the world.

How did Craig get started? In the seventh grade he learned something that made him angry. A 6-year-old boy

in Pakistan (2)_____________（send）to work in a factory. The boy could not go to school. He could not even play.

He had no (3)_____________ (free) at all.

Craig compared that (4)_____________ his own life. Laws in his country said that kids must go to school.

Education was free to all kids. But in some countries, school was not free. Children from poor families went to work

(5)i_____________ of going to school.

Craig wanted to help those who didn’t have the same advantages（有利条件）as he and his friends. As a result,

Craig and some friends started Free The Children. Craig and his friends decided that Free The Children should raise

money (6)_____________ (build) schools. Craig hoped that learning (7)_____________ (help) kids in poverty（贫

困）live better.

Today. Craig’s charity has more than one million (8)m_____________ in 45 countries. It is still going strong.

The money they have raised has done many good things. It has helped build more than 500 schools around the world

so far. It also pays for health care in poor communities. Craig has had a lot of success. However, he still remembers

his unpleasant start in the seventh grade. “We (9)_____________ (laugh) at by other kids who said you couldn’t

change things,” he says. Still, Craig didn’t give up. Now he wants to help more kids. “Go to free the children. com.

Tell it to your friends. Bring it to your teachers,” he says. “(10)_____________ you gain more confidence, friends

will join you. It just gets easier.”

1. difference 2. was sent 3. freedom 4. with 5. instead

6. to build 7. would help 8. members 9. were laughed 10. As

六、阅读回答问题

19
 Red Nose Day is a well-known charity event aimed at improving the lives of

children living in poverty (贫穷) . It was first celebrated in 1988 by Comic Relief, a

British charity organization. Red Nose Day usually takes place in late March or early

April, lasting several weeks. And how much money have they collected since the first

Red Nose Day? More than £600 million!

Every two years in spring, many English people put on a red nose, make a fool of themselves and do silly

things to make themselves and others laugh. They often have a red nose party at their houses. They will sell tickets

to their friends. All their friends come and are dressed in red - including red noses. If they don’t wear red, they have

to pay a fine. The ticket fee and fines will be donated to Comic Relief. People can buy a red nose at supermarkets,

and part of the money goes to Comic Relief as well. Red Nose Day is a global (全球的) movement now, encouraging

people in different countries to take action against child poverty.

Here are many other fun charity events like Red Nose Day. For example, “Paws for a Cause” is Sweden’s

charity fun run, where owners and their pet dogs run together to raise money for homeless animals. In US, there is

an activity called “Ugly Christmas Sweater Day”. Every December, Americans wear funny, crazy Christmas

sweaters. People hold parties to see whose sweater is the ugliest and to collect money to help kids in need. The

uglier your sweater is, the more fun you have!

All these events remind the world that small acts can create big changes.

根据上面短文问答问题（第 1-4 题每题答案不超过 6 个单词；第 5 题不限词数，言之有理即可）

1. When does Red Nose Day usually take place?

____________________________________________________________

2. How much money have they collected since the first Red Nose Day?

____________________________________________________________

3. How does the Comic Relief charity mainly get its money? Give two examples.

____________________________________________________________

4. What is the purpose of “Paws for a Cause”?

___________________________________________________________

5. Can you create a funny charity activity? Please tell its name, activity and purpose.

___________________________________________________________

1. In late March or early April. 2. More than £600 million. 3. By the ticket fee and fines.

4. To raise money for homeless animals. 5. Yes. Cat Day. People fish together to raise money for homeless cats.

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