NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

MATHEMATICS P2 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2010 MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 150

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QUESTION 1 1.1 Range = 26 4 =22 maximum and minimum values answer ANSWER ONLY: Full Marks (2) method 183 answer (3) answer (2) answer (2) decrease in range decrease in standard deviation (2) [11]

1.2

1.3 1.4.1

Mean 4 + 5 + 8 + 13 + 19 + 22 + 25 + 26 + 23 + 17 + 14 + 7 = 12 183 = 12 = 15,25 Standard deviation = 7,6 (7,59522..) Increase in mean =

(3 5) + (9 1)

12 = 2C per month.

1.4.2

The maximum value increases by 1C and the minimum value increases by 5C. This implies that the range of the range of the data will now decrease. This will result in the standard deviation getting smaller. (new SD = 6,27..)

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QUESTION 2 2.1.1
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Hours of training

Survey of training and goals scored

Number of goals scored

plotting the points

All 9 point correct 3 marks 5 or 7 points correct 2 marks 1 or 2 points correct 1 mark 0 points correct 0 marks (3) answer (1) answer (2)

2.1.2 A(indicated on the graph) 2.1.3 8 Goals 2.2 Let the mean time for all 560 learners be x. Then the mean time for the learners living in neighbourhood C is also x. (135 24) + (225 32) + (200 x) x= 560 560 x = 3240 + 7200 + 200 x

equal mean times mean number simplification answer (4) [10]

360 x = 10440 x = 29

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QUESTION 3

3.1 Time (in 11 t < 15 minutes) Frequency 6 Cumulative 6 Frequency 3.2

Cumulative Frequency Curve showing the time taken to complete a task

15 t < 19
9 15

19 t < 23
13 28

23 t < 27
12 40

27 t < 30
8 48 cumulative frequency totals (1)

60 50
Cumulative Frequency

40 30 20 10 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33
Time (in minutes)

plotting points at upper limits 6 correct 3 marks 3 to 5 correct 2 marks 1 or 2 correct 1 mark 0 correct 0 marks curve (4)

3.3 Median value at position 24. Reading off the ogive gives Median 22 minutes LQ value at position 12. Lower quartile 18 minutes (from ogive) UQ value at position 36. Upper quartile 25,5 minutes (from ogive)
NOTE: Allow margin of error for reading off the graph.

median lower quartile upper quartile (3)

3.4 box whiskers (2) skewed to the right (1) [11]

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10

20

30

40

50

60

3.5 The times are skewed to the right. A small number of people finished this task very quickly whilst others took more time.

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QUESTION 4

4.1 4.2

20 1 = 04 2 0+ 4 2+0 A: ; 2 2 A (2 ; 1) m PQ =

substitution (1) x-coordinate y-coordinate

(2)

4.3

m AB .mPQ = 1
m AB .( 1 / 2) = 1 , m AB = 2 Equation of AB is y = 2x + c 1 = 2(2) + c c = 3 Equation of AB is y = 2x 3 .

m AB .mPQ = 1
m AB = 2 equation of AB y = 2x 3 c = 3

(5)

OR m AB .mPQ = 1
m AB .( 1 / 2) = 1 , m AB = 2 y 1 = 2( x 2)

m AB .mPQ = 1
m AB = 2 gradient of AB substitution into formula equation of AB

y 1 = 2x 4 y = 2x 3 4.4 B is the point (0 ; 3)

BQ = (0 - 4) + (3 0)
2 2

(5) coordinates of B substitution answer (3) BP = 5 BP = BQ (2)

=5

4.5

BP = (0 - 0) 2 + (3 2) 2 =5 BP = BQ BPQ is isosceles. OR BP = 2 + 3 =5 BP = BQ BPQ is isosceles If PBQR is a rhombus then A is the midpoint of BR. Let the coordinates of R be (x ; y)

BP = 5 BP = BQ (2) A is the midpoint of BR

4.6

x+0 =2 2 x=4 R(4 ; 5)

and

y 3 =1 2 y=5

x coordinate y coordinate (3) RQ || PB x coordinate y coordinate (3) [16]

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OR RQ || PB so x R = 4 RQ = PB = 5, so y R = 5 R(4 ; 5)

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QUESTION 5
y

C 45 P(5 ; 4)

A D 5.1 AB is defined as 5 y 3 x 5 = 0 which can be written as y =

3 5 Let be the inclination of AB. 3 tan = 5 = 30.96 . m AB = 3 x +1 5 m AB = tan = 3 5 3 5

Let be the inclination of CD = 45 + 30,96 = 75,96 Gradient of CD = tan 75,96 = 4.

OR
tan = tan( + 45) tan + tan 45 = 1 tan . tan 45 3 +1 5 = 3 1 1 5 =4 mCD = tan mCD = 4
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= 30.96
= 75,96 gradient of CD (5)

expansion tan 45 = 1 3 tan = 5 substitution answer (5)

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5.2

Equation of CD is y = 4x + c 4 = 4(5) + c c = 16 Equation of CD is y = 4x 16 .

OR

y- intercept equation of CD (2) substitution equation of CD (2) [7]

y 4 = 4( x 5) y 4 = 4 x 20 y = 4 x 16

QUESTION 6

6.1

x 2 + y 2 + 8 x + 4 y 38 = 0 x 2 + 8 x + 16 + y 2 + 4 y + 4 = 16 + 4 + 38 ( x + 4) 2 + ( y + 2) 2 = 58

Centre is (4 ; 2) and the radius is 6.2 6.3 Centre of second circle is (4 ; 6) Distance between centres is

58

( 4 + 4) 2 + (6 + 2) = 128 = 11,31

completing the square (both or one) factor form centre radius (4) centre distance (2) sum of radii conclusion (3)

Sum of radii = 58 + 26 = 12,71 Distance between centres is 11,31. sum of the radii > distance between the centres

6.4

the circles must overlap and hence the circles must intersect. Equation of second circle: (x 4)2 + ( y 6) 2 = 26
x 2 8 x + 16 + y 2 12 y + 36 = 26 x 2 8 x + y 2 12 y + 26 = 0 Let (x ; y) be either of the two points on intersection. Then x 2 + y 2 + 8 x + 4 y 38 = 0
and
x 2 + y 2 8 x 12 y + 26 = 0

equation of circle in form = 0 statement two points of intersection subtracting simplification (4)

Subtract

16 y + 16 x 64 = 0 y = x + 4

Both points of intersection lie on this line. y = x + 4 is the equation of the common chord.
OR
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Check that the line y = x + 4 cuts the two circles at the same points:

(x 4)2 + ( x 2) 2 = 26
x 2 8 x + 16 + x 2 + 4 x + 4 = 26 2x 2 4x 6 = 0 x 2 2x 3 = 0 ( x 3)( x + 1) = 0 x = 3 or x = 1 x 2 + y 2 + 8 x + 4 y 38 = 0 x 2 + (4 x) 2 + 8 x + 4(4 x) 38 = 0 x 2 + 16 8 x + x 2 + 8 x + 16 4 x 38 = 0 2x 2 4x 6 = 0 x 2 2x 3 = 0 x = 3 or x = 1

substitution

answer

substitution

answer (4)
[13]

QUESTION 7

7.1.1 7.1.2 7.2.1

P / (5 ; 2)
P (5 ; 2)
K K : (14 ; 4) (2 ; 2) U U : (18 ; 6) (3 ; 9) H H : (16 ; 8) (4 ; 8) L L : (18 ; 10) (5 ; 9) E E : (14 ; 12) (6 ; 7) So halve and interchange or interchange and halve. Reflection across y = x followed by contraction by OR Contraction by
1 followed by reflection across y = x. 2 1 2
/

answer (1) x coordinate y coordinate (2)

reflected the line y = x enlarged scale factor of

1 2

(4) (8 ; 4) (8 ; 16) (2)

7.2.2

H/=

OR 7.2.3

1 (16 ; 8) = (8 ; 4) 2 H / (8 ; 16)
2

2 Area KUHLE : Area K // U // H // L// E // = = 4 : 1 1

answer (2) [11]

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QUESTION 8

8.1

For anti-clockwise rotation: x / = x cos y sin = 3 cos120 2 sin 120 = 3( cos 60) 2 sin 60
1 3 = 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 y / = x sin + y cos = 3 sin 120 + 2 cos120 = 3 sin 60 + 2( cos 60) = 3 1 = 3 2 + 2 2 3 32 2 32 3 3 3 2 P/ ; 2 2 =

formula simplification substitution answer

simplification

answer

(6)

8.2

1 2 = x 2

3 y 2

4 = x 3y
3 1 + y 0 = x 2 2 0 = 3x + y

equation 1

4 = x 3y

y = 3x equation 2 Substitute equation 2 into equation 1 4 = x 3 3x 4 = x + 3x 4 = 2x x = 2

y = 3x

y=2 3

x-coordinate y-coordinate (4) [10]

Q 2;2 3

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QUESTION 9

9.1.1

sin =

3 4 and cos = 5 5 7 5

sin + cos =

4
3

correct quadrant and values. 3 sin = 5 4 cos = 5 answer

sin 2 cos 2 sin 2 = 2sin.cos cos 2 = cos2 sin2 substitution

9.1.2

tan 2 =

sin 2 2 sin cos = cos 2 cos 2 sin 2 3 4 2 5 5 = 16 9 25 25 24 = 7

(4)

answer (5)

OR
tan 2 2 tan 1 tan 2 3 2 4 = 2 3 1 4 24 = 7 cos(360 x). tan 2 x sin( x 180). cos(90 + x) =

expansion substitution

answer (5)
cos x sin x sin x
sin 2 x cos 2 x

9.2.1

(cos x)(tan 2 x) ( sin x)( sin x)

sin 2 x 1 = (cos x) cos 2 x sin 2 x 1 = cos x 9.2.2 x = 30 1 1 2 = = cos 30 3 3 2

answer (5) x = 30 answer (2) [16]

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QUESTION 10

10.1.1

sin 48 = sin(36 + 12) = sin 36 cos12 + cos 36 sin 12 = p+q

writing 48 in terms of 36 and 12 expansion answer (3) writing 24 in terms of 36 and 12 expansion sin 24 = p q (3) writing 24 in terms of 36 and 12 expansion sin 24 = p q (3) cos 48 = 2 cos 2 24 1 sin 48 = p + q answer (3)

10.1.2

sin 24 = sin(36 12) = sin 36 cos12 cos 36 sin 12 = pq

OR

sin 24 = sin(36 12) = sin 36 cos12 cos 36 sin 12 = pq

sin 48 = 2 sin 24 cos 24 p + q = 2( p q ) cos 24 p+q cos 24 = 2( p q )

10.1.3

OR cos 48 = 2 cos 2 24 1
cos 24 = 1 + cos 48 1 1 + 1 sin 2 48 = 2 2 =

1 2 1 + 1 ( p + q ) 2

cos 48 = 2 cos 2 24 1 sin 24 = p q answer (3)

OR

cos 2 24 = 1 sin 2 24 cos 2 24 = 1 ( p q ) 2

cos 24 = 1 ( p q ) 2

cos 2 24 = 1 sin 2 24 sin 24 = p q answer (3)

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10.2

sin 2 20 + sin 2 40 + sin 2 80 = sin 2 20 + (sin(60 20)) 2 + (sin(60 + 20)) 2 = sin 2 20 + (sin 60 cos 20 cos 60 sin 20) + (sin 60 cos 20 + cos 60 sin 20) 2
2

3 3 1 1 = sin 20 + cos 20 + sin 20 cos 20 sin 20 + 2 2 2 2

2

40= 60 20 80= 60 + 20 expansions substitution

3 1 3 3 = sin 2 20 + cos 2 20 cos 20 sin 20 + sin 2 20 + cos 2 20 4 4 2 4 1 3 + cos 20 sin 20 + sin 2 20 4 2 1 3 = sin 2 20 + cos 2 20 + sin 2 20 2 2 3 = (sin 2 20 + cos 2 20) 2 3 = 2

simplification factorisation

OR

Use sin 2 =
LHS =

1 cos 2 2

(7)

3 1 {(cos 40 + cos 80) + cos160} 2 2 40= 60 3 1 20 = {(cos 60. cos 40 + sin 60 sin 40 + cos 60. cos 40 sin 60 sin 40) + cos160} 80= 60 + 2 2 20 3 1 = {(2 cos 60 cos 20) cos 20} 2 2 expansion 1 3 1 of cos 40 = 2 cos 20 cos 20 2 2 2 expansion of cos 60 3 = 0 2 simplification 3 = 2

simplification answer for bracket (7)

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10.3.1

sin 4 x + sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 + cos x 2 sin x(sin 2 x + cos 2 x) = 1 + cos x 2 sin x = 1 + cos x 1 cos 2 x = 1 + cos x (1 cos x)(1 + cos x) = (1 + cos x) = 1 cos x 10.3.2 1 + cos x = 0

factorisation

sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1
identity factorisation (4)

1 + cos x = 0
180 + k.360 (2) [22]

cos x = 1 x = 180 + k .360; k Z Undefined for x = 180 + k .360; k Z .

QUESTION 11

11.1

1 + sin x = cos 2 x 1 + sin x = 1 2 sin 2 x sin x + 2 sin 2 x = 0 sin x(1 + 2 sin x) = 0

expansion factorisation equations

sin x = 0

1 sin x = ` 2 x = k.180 or x = 30 + k .360 x = 210 + k .360 x { ; 210; 330 ; 360} 180

or

k Z

OR

x = k .180 solution for 1 sin x = ` 2 answers

(7)

1 + sin x = cos 2 x 1 + sin x = cos 2 x sin 2 x 1 + sin x = 1 sin 2 x sin 2 x sin x + 2 sin 2 x = 0 sin x(1 + 2 sin x) = 0 factorisation
1 sin x = ` 2 x = 30 + k .360 x = 210 + k .360

expansion

sin x = 0 x = k .180

or or

equations

k Z

x { ; 210; 330 ; 360} 180

x = k .180 solution for 1 sin x = ` 2 answers

(7)

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11.2
3

1+sinx max and min values shape cos2x amplitude intercepts (4)

f
45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360

g
-1

-2

-3

11.3

180 x 210 or 330 x 360

answer (3) [14]

QUESTION 12

12.1

b BC = sin[180 ( + ) sin BC sin( + ) = b sin bsin BC = sin( + ) but BC = DF bsin DF = sin( + ) DF DE DF DE = cos b sin DE = sin( + ) cos 2000 sin 43 DE = sin 79. cos 27 = 1559,50 m cos =

sine rule

ABC = 180 ( + )
BC = BC = DF manipulation

DE = (6) substitution numerator substitution denominator answer

12.2

(3) [9]
150

TOTAL:
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