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Electric Motor Control 9th Edition Stephen L. Herman
Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Stephen L. Herman
ISBN(s): 9781435485754, 1435485750
Edition: 9th
File Details: PDF, 18.56 MB
Year: 2009
Language: english
Apago PDF Enhancer
 Electric
Motor
Control
Apago PDF Enhancer

9th Edition

Stephen L. Herman
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 Electric
Motor
Apago PDF Enhancer
Control
9th Edition

Stephen L. Herman

Australia • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States

 Electric Motor Controls, Ninth Edition © 2010, 2007 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Stephen L. Herman ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by
Vice President, Career and Professional
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Editorial: Dave Garza
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NOTICE TO THE READER

Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described
herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of
the product information contained herein. Publisher does not assume,
and expressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information
other than that provided to it by the manufacturer. The reader is
expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might
be indicated by the activities described herein and to avoid all potential
hazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader
willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions. The
publisher makes no representations or warranties of any kind, including
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to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibility
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from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material.

Printed in the United States of America

1 2 3 4 5 XX 11 10 09
Contents
Preface vi
Section 1 Introduction 1
UNIT 1 General Principles of Electric Motor Control 3
UNIT 2 Fractional and Integral Horsepower Manual Motor Starters 17
UNIT 3 Magnetic Line Voltage Starters 23

Section 2 Circuit Layout, Connections, and Symbols 49

UNIT 4 Symbols 51
UNIT 5 Interpretation and Application of Simple Wiring
and Elementary Diagrams 63

Section 3 Control Pilot Devices 79

UNIT 6 Push Buttons and Control Stations 81
UNIT 7 Apago PDF Enhancer
Relays 87
UNIT 8 Contactors 95
UNIT 9 Timing Relays 103
UNIT 10 Pressure Switches and Regulators 113
UNIT 11 Float Switches 117
UNIT 12 Flow Switches 123
UNIT 13 Limit Switches and Proximity Control 127
UNIT 14 Phase Failure Relays 135
UNIT 15 Solenoid Valves 139
UNIT 16 Temperature Switches 143

Section 4 Basic Control Circuits 147

UNIT 17 Two-Wire Controls 149
UNIT 18 Three-Wire and Separate Controls 153
UNIT 19 Hand-Off Automatic Controls 159
UNIT 20 Multiple Push-Button Stations 163
UNIT 21 Interlocking Methods for Reversing Control 165
UNIT 22 Sequence Control 173
UNIT 23 Jogging (Inching) Control Circuits 181
UNIT 24 Time-Delay, Low-Voltage Release Relay 187

v
Section 5 AC Reduced Voltage Starters 191
UNIT 25 The Motor and Starting Methods 193
UNIT 26 Primary Resistor-Type Starters 199
UNIT 27 Autotransformer Starters 205
UNIT 28 Part Winding Motor Starters 211
UNIT 29 Automatic Starters for Star-Delta Motors 217
UNIT 30 AC Solid-State Reduced Voltage Controller 223

Section 6 Three-Phase, Multispeed Controllers 231

UNIT 31 Controllers for Two-Speed,Two-Winding (Separate Winding) Motors 233
UNIT 32 Two-Speed, One-Winding (Consequent Pole) Motor Controller 239
UNIT 33 Four-Speed,Two-Winding (Consequent Pole) Motor Controller 247

Section 7 Wound Rotor (Slip Ring) Motor Controllers 253

UNIT 34 Apago PDF Enhancer
Wound Rotor Motors and Manual Speed Control 255
UNIT 35 Push-Button Speed Selection 261
UNIT 36 Automatic Acceleration for Wound Rotor Motors 263
UNIT 37 Automatic Speed Control for Wound Rotor Motors 269
UNIT 38 Solid-State Adjustable Speed Controller for AC Wound Rotor Motors 275

Section 8 Synchronous Motor Controls 279

UNIT 39 Synchronous Motor Operation 281
UNIT 40 Push-Button Synchronizing 287
UNIT 41 Timed Semiautomatic Synchronizing 291
UNIT 42 Synchronous Automatic Motor Starter 295

Section 9 Direct-Current Controllers 303

UNIT 43 About DC Motors 305
UNIT 44 Use of Reduced Voltage for Starting 311
UNIT 45 Across-the-Line Starting 315
UNIT 46 Compensating and Definite Time Control Starting 319
UNIT 47 Solid-State Adjustable Speed Control 325

vi
Section 10 Methods of Deceleration 333
UNIT 48 Plugging 335
UNIT 49 Electric Brakes 343
UNIT 50 Dynamic and Regenerative Braking 347
UNIT 51 Electric and Electronic Braking 353

Section 11 Motor Drives 361

UNIT 52 Direct Drives and Pulley Drives 363
UNIT 53 Gear Motors 369
UNIT 54 Variable-Frequency Mechanical Drives 373
UNIT 55 AC Adjustable Frequency Drives 377
UNIT 56 Magnetic Clutch and Magnetic Drive 385
UNIT 57 DC Variable-Speed Control—Motor Drives 391
UNIT 58 Programmable and Motion Control 397
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Section 12 Troubleshooting 413
UNIT 59 Motor Startup and Troubleshooting Basics 415
UNIT 60 Troubleshooting Techniques 427

APPENDIX A Motor Types and Line Diagrams 441

APPENDIX B Power Supplies 443
GLOSSARY 445
INDEX 453

vii
Preface
Electric Motor Control provides beginning students with a practical
approach to motor control. The textbook discusses electrical and mechanical
components and how they are connected to control different types of motors.
Many different types of control circuit and illustrations are discussed. The text
contains a wealth of practical information that will apply to almost any indus-
trial application.

PREREQUISITES AND USE

The text assumes that students have knowledge of basic electrical theory
and common series and parallel circuits. Electric Motor Control has been used
successfully for both formal classroom training and self study. It is used exten-
sively in preapprentice and indentured apprentice training programs and in
organized journeyman electrician classes. The practical approach to motor
control makes this a very useful handbook on the job for installing, monitor-
ing, and maintaining control systems.

MAJOR FEATURES
Electric Motor Control provides a very practical approach to a somewhat dif-
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ficult subject. The text is written in easy-to-understand language. Each unit of
instruction covers a short, concise topic. Expected student learning is outlined
in the objectives at the beginning of each unit. The appendices and glossary
provide further explanation of terms and servicing to troubleshooting, which
the student is encouraged to use. The ninth edition contains expanded infor-
mation on overload relays and numerous updated illustrations. The text
employs a second color to highlight important concepts. The ninth edition pro-
vides an update to a textbook that has long been regarded as an outstanding
book on the subject of motor control theory and practical application.

PRACTICAL APPROACH TO PROBLEM SOLVING

Electric Motor Control illustrates control systems, starting with the sim-
plest of equipment, and builds on it in a step-by-step fashion to more complex
circuits. Students learn to draw and interpret motor control schematics and
wiring diagrams. The text helps teach students to think about the process
involved in drawing and reading control schematics. This approach leads stu-
dents in a natural progression into the basic concepts needed to install and
troubleshoot control systems.

SUPPLEMENTS TO THIS TEXT

An Instructor Resource CD is available for this text. It contains tools and
instructional resources that enrich your classroom and make your preparation
time shorter. The elements of the instructor resource link directly to the text

viii
and tie together to provide a unified instructional system. Features contained in
the instructor resource include:
• An Instructor Manual as a PDF file that contains answers to the end of
unit questions, a comprehensive test, and answers to the comprehensive test.
• Unit presentations created in PowerPoint(®): These slides provide the basis
for a lecture outline that helps you to present concepts and material.
• Test Questions: More than 250 questions of varying levels of difficulty are
provided in true/false and multiple choice formats. These question scan be
used to assess student comprehension or can be made available to the stu-
dent for self-evaluation.

ISBN: 1435485742

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ix
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author and staff at Delmar Cengage Learning wish to express their
appreciation to the instructors who reviewed the previous edition and ninth
edition revision plan and made suggestions for improvements.
Michel Benzer
Bluegrass Community and Technical College
Lexington, KY
Mark Bohnet
Northwest Iowa Community College
Sheldon, IA
Kevin Boiter
Piedmont Technical College
Greenwood, SC
John L. Brown
Portland Community College
Portland, OR
Michael Brumbach
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York Technical College
Rock Hill, SC
John Everett
East Central Community College
Decatur, MS
Ivan Maas
North Dakota State College of Science
Wahpeton, ND
Marvin Moak
Hinds Community College
Raymond, MS

x
SECTION

1 Introduction
Unit 1 General Principles of
Electric Motor Control

Unit 2 Fractional and Integral Horsepower

Manual Motor Starters

Unit 3 Magnetic Line Voltage Starters

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 UNIT 1

General Principles of
Electric Motor Control

Objectives
After studying this unit, the student should be able to:

• State the purpose and general principles of electric motor control.

• State the difference between manual and remote control.
• List the conditions of starting and stopping, speed control, and
protection Apago
of electric PDF
motors.Enhancer
• Explain the difference between compensating and definite time
delay action.

There are certain conditions that must be con- however, is to control the operation of an electric
sidered when selecting, designing, installing, or motor. As a result, when motor control equipment
maintaining electric motor control equipment. is selected and installed, many factors must be
The general principles are discussed to help considered to ensure that the control will function
understanding and to motivate students by properly for the motor and the machine for which
simplifying the subject of electric motor control. it is selected.
Motor control was a simple problem when
motors were used to drive a common line shaft
to which several machines were connected. It MOTOR CONTROL INSTALLATION
was simply necessary to start and stop the CONSIDERATIONS
motor a few times a day. However, with individ-
When choosing a specific device for a particu-
ual drive, the motor is now almost an integral
lar application, it is important to remember
part of the machine and it is necessary to de-
that the motor, machine, and motor controller
sign the motor controller to fit the needs of the
are interrelated and need to be considered as a
machine to which it is connected. Large instal-
package. In general, five basic factors influence
lations and the problems of starting motors in
the selection and installation of a controller.
these situations may be observed in Figure 1–1
and Figure 1–2. 1. ELECTRICAL SERVICE
Motor control is a broad term that means any- Establish whether the service is direct (DC)
thing from a simple toggle switch to a complex or alternating current (AC). If AC, deter-
system with components such as relays, timers, mine the frequency (hertz) and number of
and switches. The common function of all controls, phases in addition to the voltage.
3
4 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

Fig.1–1 Five 2000 hp,1800 rpm induction motors driving water pumps for a Texas oil/water operation.Pumps are used
to force water into the ground and “float” oil upward. (Courtesy of Electric Machinery Company, Inc.)

3. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF
CONTROLLER
The fundamental tasks of a motor con-
troller are to start and stop the motor and
Apago PDF Enhancer to protect the motor, machine, product, and
operator. The controller may also be called
upon to provide supplementary functions
such as reversing, jogging or inching, plug-
ging, or operating at several speeds or at re-
duced levels of current and motor torque
(see Glossary). Section 430 of the National
Electrical Code® (NEC ®) provides require-
ments concerning the installation of motor
circuits. This section is employed to deter-
mine the proper conductor size, overload
size, and short circuit protection rating
for motor installations. In some industries
electrical engineers are responsible for de-
termining the requirements for installing
a motor or motors. In other industries the
Fig. 1–2 Horizontal 4000 hp synchronous motor dri- electrician is expected to perform this task.
ving a large centrifugal air compressor. (Courtesy of Electric 4. ENVIRONMENT
Machinery Company, Inc.) Controller enclosures serve to provide
safety protection for operating personnel
2. MOTOR by preventing accidental contact with live
The motor should be matched to the electri- parts. In certain applications, the con-
cal service and correctly sized for the ma- troller itself must be protected from a vari-
chine load in horsepower rating (hp). Other ety of environmental conditions, which
considerations include motor speed and might include
torque. To select proper protection for the ■ Water, rain, snow, or sleet
motor, its full-load current rating (FLC), ■ Dirt or noncombustible dust
service factor (SF), time rating (duty), and ■ Cutting oils, coolants, or lubricants
other pertinent data—as shown on the Both personnel and property require protec-
motor nameplate—must be used. tion in environments made hazardous by the
 UNIT 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL 5

presence of explosive gases or combustible One of the organizations that actually

dusts. tests for conformity to national codes and
5. ELECTRICAL CODES AND STANDARDS standards is Underwriters’ Laboratories
Motor control equipment is designed to (UL). Equipment that is tested and ap-
meet the provisions of the National Elec- proved by UL is listed in an annual publi-
trical Code® (NEC®). Also, local code re- cation, which is kept current by means of
quirements must be considered and met bimonthly supplements to reflect the latest
when installing motors and control de- additions and deletions. A UL listing does
vices. Presently, code sections applying to not mean that a product is approved by the
motors, motor circuits, and controllers and NEC. It must be acceptable to the local
industrial control devices are found in authority having jurisdiction.
Article 430 on motors and motor con-
trollers, Article 440 on air-conditioning and
refrigeration equipment, and Article 500
on hazardous locations of the NEC®.
PURPOSE OF CONTROLLER
The 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Some of the complicated and precise auto-
Act (OSHA), as amended, requires that matic applications of electrical control are illus-
each employer furnish employment in an trated in Figure 1–3 and Figures 1–7A and B.
environment free from recognized hazards Factors to be considered when selecting and in-
likely to cause serious harm. stalling motor control components for use with
Standards established by the National Elec- particular machines or systems are described in
trical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) the following paragraphs.
assist users in the proper selection of control
equipment. NEMA standards provide prac- Starting
tical information concerning the construction,
testing, performance, and manufacture of The motor may be started by connecting it di-
motor control devices such as starters, relays, rectly across the source of voltage. Slow and
and contactors. Apago PDF Enhancer gradual starting may be required, not only to

VARIDYNE
POWER
CONTROL UNITS
CENTER

OVER-
HEAD
DRIVE

MARRIAGE
POINT

FLOOR
CONVEYOR
DRIVE

Fig. 1–3 Synchronizing Two Automobile Assembly Systems. (Courtesy of Emerson Motors)
6 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

There are many different types of safety circuits

and devices to protect people, equipment, and
industrial production and processes against pos-
sible injury that may occur while the machines
are running.

Speed Control
Some controllers can maintain very precise
speeds for industrial processes. Other controllers
can change the speeds of motors either in steps or
gradually through a continuous range of speeds.

Safety of Operator
Many mechanical safeguards have been re-
placed or aided by electrical means of protection.
Electrical control pilot devices in controllers pro-
vide a direct means of protecting machine opera-
tors from unsafe conditions.

Fig. 1–4 Combination fused disconnect switch and Protection from Damage
motor starter. (Courtesy of Schneider Electric) Part of the operation of an automatic machine
is to protect the machine itself and the manu-
protect the machine, but also to ensure that the factured or processed materials it handles. For
line current inrush on starting is not too great example, a certain machine control function
for the power company’s system. Some driven may be the prevention of conveyor pileups. A
Apago PDF Enhancer
machines may be damaged if they are started machine control can reverse, stop, slow, or do
with a sudden turning effort. The frequency of whatever is necessary to protect the machine or
starting a motor is another factor affecting the processed materials.
controller. A combination fused disconnect switch
and motor starter is shown in Figure 1–4. Maintenance of Starting Requirements
Once properly installed and adjusted, motor
Stopping starters will provide reliable operation of starting
Most controllers allow motors to coast to a time, voltages, current, and torques for the bene-
standstill. Some impose braking action when fit of the driven machine and the power system.
the machine must stop quickly. Quick stopping The NEC®, supplemented by local codes, governs
is a vital function of the controller for emer- the selection of the proper sizes of conductors,
gency stops. Controllers assist the stopping ac- starting fuses, circuit breakers, and disconnect
tion by retarding centrifugal motion of machines switches for specific system requirements.
and lowering operations of crane hoists.

Reversing MANUAL CONTROL

Controllers are required to change the direc- A manual control is one whose operation is
tion of rotation of machines automatically or at accomplished by mechanical means. The effort
the command of an operator at a control station. required to actuate the mechanism is almost al-
The reversing action of a controller is a contin- ways provided by a human operator. The motor
ual process in many industrial applications. may be controlled manually using any one of
the following devices.
Running
The maintaining of desired operational speeds
Toggle Switch
and characteristics is a prime purpose and func- A toggle switch is a manually operated elec-
tion of controllers. They protect motors, opera- tric switch. Many small motors are started
tors, machines, and materials while running. with toggle switches. This means the motor
 UNIT 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL 7

may be started directly without the use of mag-

netic switches or auxiliary equipment. Motors
started with toggle switches are protected by
the branch circuit fuse or circuit breaker. These
motors generally drive fans, blowers, or other
light loads.

Safety Switch
In some cases it is permissible to start a
motor directly across the full-line voltage if an
externally operated safety switch is used
(EXO), Figure 1–5. The motor receives starting
and running protection from dual-element,
time-delay fuses. The use of a safety switch
requires manual operation. A safety switch, Fig. 1–6 Drum controller with cover (left) and with
therefore, has the same limitations common to cover removed (right). (Courtesy of Eaton Corporation)
most manual starters.

Drum Controller
Drum controllers are rotary, manual switching
devices that are often used to reverse motors and Faceplate Control
to control the speed of AC and DC motors. They
are used particularly where frequent start, stop, Faceplate controllers have been in use for
or reverse operation is required. These controllers many years to start DC motors. They have been
may be used without other control components in used for AC induction motor speed control. The
small motors, generally those with fractional faceplate control has multiple switching con-
Apago PDF Enhancer
horsepower ratings. Drum controllers are used tacts mounted near a selector arm on the front
with magnetic starters in large motors. A drum of an insulated plate. Additional resistors are
controller is shown in Figure 1–6. mounted on the rear to form a complete unit.
Technological developments, however, have
fewer faceplate controllers being installed.

REMOTE AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL

The motor may be controlled by remote con-
trol using push buttons, Figures 1–7A and B.
When push-button remote control is used or
when automatic devices do not have the electri-
cal capacity to carry the motor starting and
running currents, magnetic or electric switches
must be included. Magnetic switch control is
one whose operation is accomplished by electro-
magnetic means. The effort required to actuate
the electromagnet is supplied by electrical en-
ergy rather than by the human operator. If the
motor is to be automatically controlled, the fol-
lowing two-wire pilot devices may be used.

Float Switch
The raising or lowering of a float that is me-
chanically attached to electrical contacts may
start motor-driven pumps to empty or fill
Fig. 1–5 Safety disconnect switch (EXO). (Courtesy of tanks. Float switches are also used to open or
Eaton Corporation) close piping solenoid valves to control fluids,
8 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

Fig. 1–7(A) Typical cement mill computer console carefully controlling and monitoring motors located remotely.
(Courtesy of Electric Machinery Company, Inc.)

Apago PDF Enhancer

(Source: Delmar/Cengage Learning)

Fig. 1–7(B) Some typical terminal wiring behind the Fig. 1–8 Rod-operated float switch with electrical
control panels shown in part A. (Courtesy of Los Angeles
wiring symbols.
Department of Water and Power)

Figure 1–8. There are other similar methods

that achieve the same results.

Pressure Switch
Pressure switches are used to control the pres-
sure of liquids and gases (including air) within a
desired range, Figure 1–9. Air compressors, for
example, are started directly or indirectly on a
call for more air by a pressure switch. Electrical
wiring symbols are shown as normally closed
and normally open in Figure 1–9.

Time Clock
Fig. 1–9 Pressure switches may be necessary to start
Time clocks can be used when a definite “on the motors shown in Figure 1–10. (Courtesy of Schneider
and off” period is required and adjustments are Electric)
 UNIT 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL 9

N.O.

N.C.

Fig. 1–10 Two 1500 hp vertical induction motors dri- Fig. 1–12 Limit switch shown with electrical wiring
ving pumps. (Courtesy of Electric Machinery Company, Inc.) symbols. (Courtesy of Schneider Electric)

Limit Switch
Limit switches, Figure 1–12, are designed to
pass an electrical signal only when a predeter-
mined limit is reached. The limit may be a spe-
cific position for a machine part or a piece of
work, or a certain rotating speed. These devices
Apago PDF Enhancer take the place of a human operator and are
often used under conditions where it would be
impossible or impractical for the operator to
be present or to efficiently direct the machine.
Limit switches are used most frequently as
overtravel stops for machines, equipment, and
products in process. These devices are used in
the control circuits of magnetic starters to gov-
Fig.1–11 Industrial temperature switch with extension ern the starting, stopping, or reversal of electric
bulb and electrical wiring symbols. (Courtesy of rockwell motors.
Automation)
Electrical or Mechanical Interlock
and Sequence Control
not necessary for long periods of time. A typical
requirement is a motor that must start every Many of the electrical control devices de-
morning at the same time and shut off every scribed in this unit can be connected in an in-
night at the same time, or switches the flood- terlocking system so that the final operation of
lights on and off. one or more motors depends on the electrical
position of each individual control device. For
example, a float switch may call for more liquid
Thermostat
but will not be satisfied until the prior approval
In addition to pilot devices sensitive to liquid of a pressure switch or time clock is obtained.
levels, gas pressures, and time of day, thermostats To design, install, and maintain electrical
sensitive to temperature changes are widely used, controls in any electrical or mechanical inter-
Figure 1–11. Thermostats indirectly control large locking system, the electrical technician must
motors in air-conditioning systems and in many understand the total operational system and
industrial applications to maintain the desired the function of the individual components.
temperature range of air, gases, liquids, or solids. With practice, it is possible to transfer knowl-
There are many types of thermostats and temper- edge of circuits and descriptions for an under-
ature-actuated switches. standing of additional similar controls. It is
Other documents randomly have
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Q when he had caught the evil expression of the cowman's face as,
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The house went up in a furious blaze. Long after Cyril Stanley had
disappeared into the great timber country the smoke of his burning
homestead rose above the blanket of snow, until the smoldering
ruins were buried under the soft whiteness and covered from the
eyes of the world. But later on the sunshine of the spring would melt
the shroud away and reveal where his love lay ruined on the prairie.
 CHAPTER XX
Spring came late to Alberta that year, and it was May before the
farmers were upon the land.
Zero weather followed the heavy March snowfalls, and May was well
advanced before the first thaw began.
Angella Loring was particularly anxious that year to be upon her land
early, for she wished to keep Nettie with her, and had conceived an
ambitious scheme which she believed would tempt the girl to
remain. Ever since her recovery Nettie had been waiting for the
weather to break, so that she might go to Calgary and try to find
work there, where she would be unknown, and Dr. McDermott had
told her how great was the scarcity of help in the city. Angella, from
the first day, had taken charge of the baby, and indeed it might have
been her child rather than Nettie's. For Nettie was afraid of this child
of the Bull's. Before the cold spell had broken, and while she was
still weak, she would sit at the window and stare out over the bleak
landscape with unseeing eyes. Spring is always an unpleasant
season in Alberta, and that year it was even worse than usual. While
Angella was away at the barns or the fields busy with her work,
Nettie found herself shut in alone with her baby, but she never went
near it, or attempted to take it in her arms or caress it.
The child was undersized and frail, but it cried very little, and its tiny,
weird face looked curiously like a bird's. There was something
pitifully unfinished about it although it was in no way deformed. It
had simply been forced into the world before its time, and denied
the sustenance of its mother's breast—for Nettie was unable to
nurse her child—it made slow progress. At the end of April it
weighed no more than the day it was born.
If Nettie, immersed in her own sorrow, was oblivious of her child's
condition, its foster-mother was filled with alarm and anxiety. Dr.
McDermott was no longer an unwelcome visitor at the shack, indeed
he was often sent for when Jake, who had taken to haunting the
ranch, and sleeping in Cyril's deserted sheds, could be despatched
upon such an errand. No matter where he was, or what he was
doing, the doctor seldom failed to respond to Angella's summons.
Tramping into the shack, stamping the snow off his feet, he would
look with pretended fierceness at the two women, looking for
something to scold about and always, finding it, but although his
words were rough, his hands were gentle as a mother's as he took
the baby in his arms. He would gaze intently at the little creature
with all a parent's anxiety while its mother held aloof, keeping her
gaze riveted upon the window.
More than once, Angella Loring found herself very close to the
doctor, and looking up, he would see her eyes were misty with
solicitude over "her" baby. To cover his own feelings, he would ask
her to fetch this and that and she waited upon him meekly. Once
kneeling by his side, as the baby lay upon his knees, she saw its
little wan face puckered into something that she firmly declared was
a smile. In her delight and excitement she put her arms around the
baby on his knee, and before she realized what was happening she
found her hand enclosed in the doctor's warm clasp. Their eyes met,
and the color slowly receded from her cheeks.
That night, she went into the bedroom, carefully closing the burlap
curtain between it and the outer room, and searching amongst the
contents of the box she had brought with her from England, Angella
Loring found something that was no familiar object in that prairie
shack—a mirror—a woman's hand mirror, of tortoiseshell, with a
silver crest upon it. For some time she held it in her hand, face
down, before she mustered courage to lift it slowly to her face. For a
long time she gazed into the glass, the bright, haunted eyes slowly
scanning the strange face, with its crown of soft gray curls. She was
kneeling on the floor by her bed, and suddenly the hand holding the
mirror fell into her lap, and Angella Loring said in a choking whisper
looking down at her reflection, "I'm an old fool! God help me!"
Her program for that season was an ambitious one for a fragile
woman; she purposed to put in one hundred and fifty acres of crop,
and to hay over sixty more acres, and not content with working her
own land, she intended to work and seed Cyril's as well. This latter
was the stake to which she hoped to tie Nettie to her. She felt sure
that the girl would not fail to respond to this opportunity to help the
man she loved, for according to the homestead law of that time,
land had to be fenced, worked and lived upon for a certain term of
years, and by abandoning his homestead, Cyril stood to lose the
quarter, besides the waste of all the work and money already
expended upon the place. When Angella laid her proposition before
Nettie, she was rewarded by the first sign of animation the girl had
shown since the doctor had brought her to the ranch. Her apathy
and despair fell from her, and when Angella told her that unless
Nettie would give her the help she needed she would be obliged to
employ hired hands which she could not afford, Nettie's eagerness
knew no bounds.
"Oh my, yes, Angel, I just wisht you'd give me the chance. I'd love
to do the work. I'll do it alone if—you'll let me—I'll work my fingers
to the bone to—to—make up to him—and to you, Angel."
"That's all right. I'm glad you feel that way, because I need your
help badly. I believe it's going to be a crop year anyway, because the
snow when it does melt is bound to mean all sorts of moisture for
the land. Meanwhile, we can do a bit of fencing. Mine need repairing
badly, and so do parts of Cyril's. We've got to cross fence between
his pasture land and where the crop is to go in. He's got quite a few
head of horses and cattle running loose, I see, and they've got to be
driven off the grain land. I'm going out after a couple of heavy
horses of his I saw the other day on his land. I think I can corral
them, and they'll come in first rate for the plow."
"Oh, Angel, let me go. I understand horses better'n you do. It's
awful hard to drive them when they've been loose like that all winter.
So let me go along."
"You'll stay right here. Look here, now, I'm going to run things here,
and you do as you're told."
"Well, don't forget to take a halter, will you, and Angel, you want to
keep away from their hind feet—even if you are on horse.
Sometimes they kick right out. Dad was lamed that way, drivin' in
wild horses. Got kicked while on horse-back, right in the shin. My, it
was awful!"
"I'm all right. Don't you worry about me," said Angella. "Mind the
baby while I'm gone, and look here, if he cries, there's barley gruel
in that bottle. Heat it by standing it in hot water—but don't let it get
too hot. I think he'll be all right till I get back."
Nettie did a curious thing that day when Angella had left her alone.
She went over to the rough cot that Angella had made out of a
grocery box for the baby, and for a long time she stood looking
down at the little sleeper. Almost unconsciously her hand touched
her baby's tiny hand that clung at once to her finger and at that
warm contact a flood of emotion overwhelmed Nettie's heart. It was
as if tentacles had reached out and fastened upon her very soul; the
little curled up fist seemed to scorch her with its mute reproach and
appeal for her affection. Nettie pulled her hand fiercely away, and
fled into the adjoining room, her breath coming and going
tumultuously.
"I don't want to love him," she cried. "I don't want to. He's his, and I
wisht I'd died before I—I—come to this."
Seeking some physical outlet for her pent-up feelings she looked
about her, and saw a pair of scissors on Angella's dressing table. A
moment later she found herself slashing into her long hair. The
heavy blonde braids dropped to the floor with a soft thud. Nettie,
shorn of her beautiful hair, was not, however, disfigured, in fact her
childlike, simple beauty seemed almost lovelier for the cropped head,
accentuating her extreme youth. But when Angella coming in
stopped on the threshold and stared at her condemningly, Nettie
knew that she had done wrong.
"Nettie Day, what you have done is an act of sheer vandalism," said
the woman, who herself had cut her own hair to the scalp.
"Oh, Angel, I wanted to be like you. I didn't want no more to be like
a woman——"
Angella's face paled.
"So I am not like a woman, then?"
"I didn't mean that, Angel. You're more like a woman in your heart
than anyone I ever knew, 'cept Mrs. Langdon, and I just wanted to
make myself so that—so that no one would ever want to look at me
again. Just 's if I was same as a man and——"
"And I suppose you think you've succeeded," said Angella dryly.
"Never fear. It will take more than the cutting of your hair to keep
men from you, Nettie Day. However, it's your own hair, and I
suppose you meant all right. They say 'Hell is paved with good
intentions.' But you needn't think that because I—was fool enough
to—to—make a freak of myself, that I approve of you or anyone else
doing it."
"I'm sorry, Angel. I'm awfully sorry. I—I want to be as much like you
as I can be. I want to wear them men's overalls too and do——"
"As for the overalls, that's all right, they're sensible; but, look here,
Nettie, don't let me catch you doing anything like that to disfigure
yourself again, and don't you go slashing any more into your hair. It
doesn't look bad now, but even you would look a fright if you had
cut it as I did—right to the scalp."
"It's growing in now. And it looks—right pretty, Angel," said Nettie
wistfully. "D'you know, you ain't nearly as ugly as you think you are,"
she added with girlish naïveté, which brought a chuckle from
Angella, warming the baby's bottle at the stove.

They began to fence in mid-April. The ground was hard, and having
no proper hole diggers they were at a still greater disadvantage.
However, Angella said she did not want to waste any time on
repairing fences, once the land was ready for the crop. Cyril's
quarter was already fairly well fenced, but the dividing line between
the two quarters had never been completed. Now that the two
places were to be worked as one the line-fence had become
unnecessary. By persistent labor upon their first task of the season,
they achieved an inadequate protection for the proposed crop. The
uneven line of barbed wire, set on unsteady posts, aroused the
derisive condemnation of Dr. McDermott, who warned them that
cattle would have no trouble in breaking through and that the two
wires did not constitute a legal fence, three being the required
number. Angella, colder and more unbending than ever in her
attitude to the doctor, rejoined that "they would take their chances
this year."
The herd law was in force, and it was against the law for cattle to be
at large on the road or road allowances in that particular part of the
country. The doctor grouchily warned them that that concerned stray
cattle, but there was absolutely nothing to prevent a herd driven by
riders from going through. Nothing, returned Angella indignantly,
except the fact that reputable riders had a professional sense of
honor, so far as other people's grain fields were concerned, and she
knew none that would be likely to turn driven cattle into a grain
field. Such things were not done in a country like Alberta. Besides,
cattle were unlikely to be moved in the summer time, and by the
fall, the harvest would be in, and the grain safe.
"Have it your way," returned the doctor. "But if you want to do a
mon's work, you ought to do it in a mon's way." This gratuitous
remark was received in the disdainful silence it deserved.
They had a truly gigantic task before them, the putting in of over
one hundred and fifty acres of grain—flax, barley, oats, wheat, green
feed and rye.
As soon as the land was in condition to be worked, they began. For
days they had been sorting over and mending harnesses and bridles,
sharpening the implements and getting everything into shape. Eight
work horses had been brought up from the pasture, and for a few
days had been fed oats and given especial care. Nettie had regained
her strength and was invaluable to the less experienced, though self-
reliant Angella because of her long familiarity with farm work and
horses too.
The baby went into the field with them, carried in a large box, where
among its pillows, Nettie's child slept in blissful unconsciousness of
the tragedy of his existence. In the latter weeks he had been gaining
strength, and his roving blue eyes had smiled more than once at the
adoring Angella.
Nettie went on the plow, the hardest of the implements to ride.
There had been some argument between the girls as to which
implement each should ride, Angella contending that Nettie was not
yet in a fit condition to stand the rough shaking on the plow; and
Nettie stubbornly insisting that she felt "strong as an ox," and that
she had ridden the plow since she was a little girl. "Dad put me into
the field when I was just ten," she told Angella. "You know he
couldn't afford to stay home to work our quarter, because our land
was so poor; he had to go out on other farms to make some wages,
because we was such a hungry family, and it took sights of food to
fill us all."
So Nettie rode the plow, and then the disc, while Angella took the
harrow and the seeder. Angella only yielded the plow to Nettie when
the girl pointed out that the seeder required "brains," of which she
sadly admitted she had little. She had never seeded, not even at
home; Dad had always come back in time to do that. So Angella,
feeling the importance of her two seasons' experience in seeding,
argued no more, and, seeded six inches deep, a precautionary
measure, she told Nettie, against a dry year. The weather favored
them; intermittent rains and flurries of snow kept the ground damp
enough for fertilization, but not too wet for sowing. Nevertheless,
said Angella, you never could tell about Alberta's climate. Drought
might start with June, and then where would the careless farmers
be?
This period of hard work diverted Nettie's mind from its obsession of
sorrow; for mind and body are alike exhausted at the end of a day
from sunrise to sunset. Intent upon being a first-rate helper, her
mind ceased to dwell upon her troubles.
Having finished the preparation of the ground and the seeding, they
spent the next few weeks bringing their few head of stock to the
corrals and all alone they branded, dehorned and vaccinated them
against blackleg. Nettie then went over to Cyril's quarter with the
plow and broke new land, by no means an easy job, since the
ground was rough virgin soil, where rocks and bushes and tree
stumps abounded. Meanwhile Angella summer fallowed on her own
quarter.
July came in on a wave of intense heat. There was haying to be
done on Cyril's quarter; Angella's fields had been overpastured, and
she proposed to let them lie fallow for that year. The two girls put up
seventy-five tons of hay. Angella was on the rake, an easy
implement to ride, Nettie on the mower. Then Angella ascended the
buck, and Nettie did the stacking, and as the big golden pile grew
from day to day under their hands, their pride and satisfaction in
their work was great. Angella felt that she had something to show
for her work at last and pinned her faith upon a sure crop—the first
since her arrival in Alberta.
Before and after their field work, they had plenty of chores and
housework to do. Nettie milked, looked after the sitting hens and
spring chicks, and the great sow with her litter; she watered and fed
the horses and cleaned the barns and stables. Meanwhile, Angella
prepared the meals, made the butter, cleaned the house, and took
full charge of the baby.
In Nettie's avoidance of her child there was fear rather than
aversion. This child that had been forced upon her by the man she
hated aroused strange tumults within her. At the thought of its
father, she would shudder and tell herself she hated it because it
was his; but there were moments when melting, passionate
impulses consumed her, and then it took all her strength not to
snatch her baby up and clasp it tightly to her breast.
Throughout the long day she sat on the hard seat of the implement,
rocked and shaken from side to side, as the four-horse plow broke
up the rough land, and she tried hard to keep her mind upon her
work. As her expert hand guided her horses, making a clean,
workmanlike job of which not even a man could have been
ashamed, she found a certain comfort in the thought that she was
working for Cyril Stanley. Yet, as the implement swept on its circular
path over the field, each time it passed near the box beside the
straw stack where the baby slept, a sob of anguish would tear her
heart anew.
The harvest was close at hand, and for the first time since she had
come to Alberta, Angella Loring was to have a crop.
Billowing waves of golden wheat, going forty bushels or more to the
acre, lay spread out before her, barley, glistening, and silvery, oats
as tall as a man and thick and heavy, the grain, like living creatures,
stirring and murmuring drowsily in the sunshine as the warm wind
passed over it.
"Come, we are waiting to be reaped," it seemed to chant. "Gather us
in, before the cold breath of the northland shall come shivering over
the land, and freeze our strength with the touch of its icy finger."
Their labors over the two women who had put in the crop would
walk slowly in the cool of the day through the grain, and the soft
swishing of their skirts brushing a pathway through the thick grain
sounded like a whisper of peace in the quiet evening. The marvelous
harvest moon hung like a great orange ball above the fields; the
prairie land seemed to stretch illimitably into the distance; the far
horizons disappeared into a chain of white hills, rising like a mist
against the sky still resplendent with the incomparable prairie
sunset.
They talked little for the one was shy and reticent by nature, and in
the other reticence and brevity of speech had become a habit. Yet
each felt and understood the thought of the other, as they looked
across at the moving grain, which was the visible sign of their long
and arduous labor.
 CHAPTER XXI
There was hail in the south and further west; it zigzagged across the
country, beating down the tall grain; the stones lay as big as eggs
upon the ground, breaking windows and lashing in its vindictive fury
whatever stood in its path. The grain shuddered beneath the
onslaught and bent to the ground. An angry black cloud overspread
the sky like a gigantic hand from whose outstretched fingers the hail
was falling. Not a stalk was left standing in the fields over which the
storm passed, but its course was curiously eccentric. It ignored
whole municipalities, and no one could tell where next it would
choose to vent its wicked rage. Anxiously the girls had watched the
path of the mad cloud, taking count of the destructive force that was
wreaking such havoc upon the grain lands. Nettie prayed—prayed to
the God of whom she knew so pitifully little, but to whom Mrs.
Langdon had been so near, and begged that their fields, Angela's
and Cyril's, might be spared.
The rural telephone wires were busy all that day and evening, with
the calls of the excited farmers.
"Were you struck?"
"Yes, wiped out."
"Insured?"
"Not a red cent."
"Gosh, I'm sorry. There's not a spear left in my fields neither, but I
got ten dollars on the acre."
"Think they'll allow you one hundred per cent. loss?"
"Sure they will."
"Hm! Betcha you'll thresh just the same."
Then the bang of a hanging up receiver; but the ceaseless buzzing
went on, with all the other parties on the main wire listening in,
gloating or commiserating over each others' misfortunes.
"How about Smither's?"
"Say, his fields aren't touched."
"You don't say. Isn't it the devil how them hail storms skip and miss."
"Munsun's got wiped off the map. So did Homan."
"Pederson's ain't touched even."
"Trust them Swedes to have the luck every time."
"Did you hear about Bar Q?"
"No, what?"
"Heard they got it hardest of all. My land! There isn't a field the hail
didn't get. The whole three thousand acres on the grain ranch. I see
where his nibs won't do much threshing this year."
"He should worry. You can bet your bottom dollar he's got double
insurance on his crop, and, say, anyway, he'll have a sight of green
feed for his cattle. They say he's short of hay in the hill country this
year. I'll bet he cuts the hailed stuff for feed."
"I wouldn't wonder!"
And so on.
As it happened, Nettie and Angella's crops were among the few that
had escaped untouched. When the storm had passed and the sun
blazed out again over the battered fields there, strong and sturdy,
shining in the clear light, the grain they had sown seemed to smile
at them and call aloud to be reaped without further delay.
It was now mid-August, and the grain was ripe. Angella rode the
binder, a picturesque implement with canvas wings, which when in
operation resembles a sort of flying machine. Nettie followed on
foot, stooking. This was a man's job, for the sheaves of grain were
heavy, and it was no easy matter to bend and grasp the thick
bundles and stook them in stacks; but Nettie was strong and willing.
She even tried to keep pace with the binder, by running to the
stacks, until Angella brought up her horses sharply and refused to go
on with the work, unless Nettie took her time about the stooking.
The harvest occupied three long weeks, but the day came at last
when the work was all completed. There was no longer any danger
of frost, hail or drought. Nothing remained to be done but the
threshing. Under the mellow evening light that suffuses the Alberta
country at the harvest season, the girls, having gleaned bravely and
well, rode in from their last day of harvesting.
Sound carries far in the prairie country, and they could hear
distinctly the buzz of the threshing machine eight miles away,
droning like a comfortable bee, working steadily through the night.
In a few days, the threshers would "pull in" to Angella's ranch and
the harvested grain would be poured into the temporary granaries
that they had constructed from a portion of the barn.
As they stood together in the twilight, looking across at the harvest
field, they felt, though they might not have been able to express
their thoughts in words, that they had made of that land of theirs a
picture no human brush could ever copy. And as this thought came
simultaneously to their minds, their eyes met, and they smiled at
each other like sisters. As they turned reluctantly from the
contemplation of their masterpiece, Nettie's last glance toward the
hills saw the figure of a rider silhouetted against the skyline. On his
first appearance at the top of the grade, she did not recognize him,
but as he approached, an uncontrollable agitation shook her from
head to foot.
"Angel! Look—look—look—look—it's—the Bull! Oh—h——"
"You have nothing to fear, Nettie. Nettie!"
"Oh, Angel, he's come for me! I knowed he would! I've been lookin'
for him, dreadin' it and now he's here. Oh, what am I to do? Where
can I hide?"
As on the night when the Bull had trapped her in her room and she
had listened paralyzed with fear to the breaking down of her door,
her eyes darted wildly about for a means of escape. This time,
instead of the narrow room, the whole of the far-flung prairie lay
before her with the great grain stocks which she herself had piled
together. She broke from Angella's grasp, and fled across the field,
and darting from one stack to another, crouched down in despair
behind the farthest one.
Angella made no movement to stop the fleeing girl. Her eyes
narrowed slightly as she gazed keenly at the man to discover
whether it was indeed Bull Langdon; then she turned and quietly
went into her house. She put the child in its basket into the inner
room, and took down her rifle; the rifle her neighbors in the early
days had jeered at but learned to respect. Angella did not load it in
the house, but slowly and calmly as Bull Langdon rode up she fitted
the bullets in place.
 CHAPTER XXII
In a country like Alberta, especially in the ranching sections, it is not
difficult for a person to disappear, if he is so minded.
Nettie had lived several months with Angella Loring before her
presence there was discovered. On one side of Angella's quarter was
a municipality of open range, and on the other, Cyril Stanley's
quarter section. Beyond Cyril's ranch was bush stretching for several
miles to the Elbow River that intersected, south and north, the land
towards the foothills fifty miles out of which was the Bar Q hill ranch.
Beyond this dense timber land began, and in its very heart stood the
Bow Claire Lumber Camp on the banks of the Ghost and Bow Rivers.
Past the timber land the foothills still continued, growing higher and
higher till they merged into the chain of Rocky Mountains.
Gossip about Nettie Day had been confined to the foothill ranching
country. Her story had run from ranch to ranch, and the general
comment was expressed in the customary country phrases of: "I
never would have believed it" or "I told you so." But Nettie
disappeared from the foothills, and curiosity, in a ranching country
as has been said above, is short-lived. Besides, the death of Mrs.
Langdon provided the ranchers with fresh excitement, and questions
as to Nettie's whereabouts were rarely heard.
At this time new cares had begun to take possession of the country
people of Alberta. Even as early as the spring, strange symptoms of
unrest might have been observed, and here and there fear seemed
to look out of the ranchers' eyes. Strange stories were percolating
into the ranches of sickness in the cities, a certain sickness which
the authorities purposely misnamed in order that the danger of panic
might be averted. The ranch people stuck closely to their homes that
spring and summer and were not cordial to strangers or of the
usually welcome regular visitors from the city—the insurance and
real estate men, the drug seller and the sly affable stranger who sold
his Pain Killer to the hands with a wink. All these "paper-collar
dudes" as the farmers called them, and the motor hoboes and
camp-tramps, who stopped at the ranches to ask for anything from a
measure of milk to a night's lodging, experienced that summer a
cold reception, for the ranch people were shrewd enough to
appreciate the fact that the plague might be carried to them through
just such mediums as these. So they stuck close to home, and
although the papers were filled with scare-head accounts of the
fearful scourge in the east, Alberta believed or hoped it would prove
immune.
In Yankee Valley, no one knew that the girl from the D. D. D. had
returned, or that, with her child, she had found a refuge in the home
of the Englishwoman who preferred to live like a hermit rather than
accept the friendship of her neighbors. Angella's land lay well back
from the main road and trails and there Nettie had found a true
sanctuary. One day, Batt Leeson, who had taken Cyril's place at the
Bull camp, was riding by Cyril's quarter, en route to the foothills and
paused at the sight of a girl in a man's blue overalls, driving a six-
horse plow team over new breaking.
Nettie, at a pause in the harvesting, while they were waiting for a
field of oats to ripen, was filling in the time by breaking new land on
Cyril's quarter.
Batt, gazing at her with his mouth open and his eyes blinking
incredulously, could not believe it possible. To make doubly sure, he
rode close to the fence line, and from behind the shelter of a tree,
he waited for the plow to make its next round of the field. On and
on it came, its dull rumble and clatter of iron the louder for the
stillness of the prairie. Over a piece of rising ground came Nettie Day
upon the implement. Her head was bare, and her hair shone red-
gold in the sunshine, seeming to radiate light like a halo. It had been
cropped close as a boy's, and the gentle wind lifted and blew it back
from her flushed face as she drove.
"Well, I'll be switched!" said the ranch hand.
He was, in fact, overjoyed at his discovery and would go back to the
foothills with a rich morsel of news. He imagined himself saying,
"What d'you think? That there girl that got into trouble at Bar Q is
workin' on the land of the fellow that—" Once Cyril Stanley had
punched his face for a much slighter offense than mentioning his
(Cyril's) name in connection with a girl, and Batt hit his tongue upon
the name of the man he suspected as the cause of Nettie Day's
downfall.
Chuckling with satisfaction, he followed the girl with his gloating
eyes, but she was looking straight ahead and never turned her head
to where the rider watched her from the trail.
Things had been going from bad to worse at Bar Q. More than the
usual number of calves had died from blackleg, and a number of
first-class heifers had perished in the woods where the larkspur
poison weed grew wild. A Government veterinary surgeon, after a
hurried survey of the animals on the home range, had put a blanket
quarantine on all the cattle, which prevented their removal for
months—in fact, until the "vet" gave them a clean bill of health.
The cowman's stock and ranch had been badly neglected in his
absence. His cattle had been allowed to go at large; the fences were
out of repair and the customary careful segregation of each different
grade was a thing of the past. He found the whole ranch at sixes
and sevens, and raged at the foremen for their neglect, swearing
that not "a stitch of work" had been done all the time he had been
away. He celebrated his return by "firing" all hands at the foothill
ranch, and the new outfit who took their places proved worse than
the old. Their term at the ranch was soon over, and the constant
changing of hands that now began had an exceedingly bad effect
upon the place. Good help was very scarce at that time, and wages
had been as high as one hundred dollars a month with board, so Bull
Langdon had his hands full at Bar Q.
He went about in a state of chronic evil humor in these days, and
found nothing about the place to suit him. Without his wife, the big
ranch house got upon his nerves, for with the genius of the born
home-maker she had created an atmosphere of comfort and peace
that had made it impressive even on her husband's insensitive mind.
She had catered to his appetite and his whims, and he had become
used to having a woman's tender care about him; indeed, he had
grown to depend upon the very services he had so roughly rewarded
in the past. He could neither accustom himself to the empty house
not endure the meals at the cook car.
In these days he slept on the ground floor of the house, in the
dining room. During his wife's lifetime the room had shone with
orderliness and cleanliness; now boots, rough coats and trousers,
shirts, and the cattlemen's riding accessories were strewn all over it,
while the unmade bed, the unwashed pots and pans, the traces of
muddy boots upon the floor, and the dust of weeks had turned it
into a place of indescribable dirt and confusion.
The Bull had refused to sleep upstairs since his wife's death; her
bedroom door remained closed. Nettie's, too, still hung on its broken
hinges, and sometimes on a windy night the knocking of that broken
door, screeching and swinging upon its single hinge, was more than
the overwrought cattleman could stand, and he would tramp out to
the bunkhouse, and sleep there instead. He felt the need of his
home more and more, however, and like a spoiled child whose
favorite toy had been taken from him, he fumed and stormed at the
ill-luck that had robbed him.
One day he returned to the house after a hard day's riding, and the
sight of its grime and disorder set a spark to his already smoldering
rage. His thoughts turned, as always at such moments, to the girl
whose place he honestly believed was there in his house where he
had intended to install her. She had been gone long enough. He had
put up with enough of her damned nonsense now, and it was time
to round her up. He regarded Nettie as a stray head of stock, that
had slipped from under the lariat noose, and was wandering in
strange pastures. True, she was a prized head, but that only
strengthened the Bull's determination to capture her. He considered
her his personal stuff; something he had branded, and he was not
the man to part with anything that belonged to him, as doggedly
and repeatedly he assured himself she did, having been bought with
the rest of her dad's old truck.
Batt Leeson riding in from Barstairs brought him the first news of the
girl that he had had since the night she had fled in terror from his
house.
"Say, boss, who d'you suppose I seen when I rode by Yankee
Valley?"
"How the h—— should I know?"
"Well, I seen that Day girl that used to work up here."
Bull Langdon, busy making of a bull-whip, twisting long strips of
cowhide about a lump of lead, stopped short in his work, and looked
up sharply at the slowly chewing, slowly talking ranch hand.
"What's that you say?"
"I was sayin' that I seen her—Nettie Day—over to Yankee Valley, and
where d'you suppose she's living? Say, she must be tied up now to
that Stanley fellow, because I seen her on his land and——"
"That's a damned lie!" shouted the cattleman, and dashed the
loaded cowhide to the floor with a foul oath. Batt, his knees shaking
with terror, retreated before the advance of the enraged cowman.
"It's true as God what I'm telling you. I seen her with my own eyes.
She was breakin' land on Stanley's quarter."
Bull Langdon's eyes were bloodshot and his face twitched hideously.
"That young scrub's at Bow Claire. His homestead's burned to the
ground. You can't come to me with no such tale as that."
"B—b-b-b—but I tell you she's workin' his land. I seen her. I stopped
right close and looked her over to make sure. I ain't makin' no
mistake. Thought at first I might be, cause I figure that a girl in her
condition wouldn't be——"
"What-cha mean by her condition?"
"Sa-ay boss." Batt scratched his head, uncertain whether to proceed;
itching to tell the tale of the girl's fall, but fearing the menacing
spark in the cattleman's eyes. "I thought you knew."
"Knew what?"
"'Bout her condition."
Batt essayed a sly, ingratiating wink, but it had no placating effect
upon the man before him.
"I don't know what the devil you're talking about."
"Gosh, boss, everyone knows 'bout Nettie Day. She's agoin' to have
a baby—mebbe she's got it now. I expect she has."
"What-t!"
The Bull's eyes bulged; a tidal wave of unholy joy threatened to
overwhelm him.
A baby! His! His! His own! His and that gell's!
He threw back his head and burst into a storm of laughter. His wild
mirth shook the beams and rafters of the old room, and seemed to
reverberate all through the great house.
"Well, by G——!" said the cowman and reached for his riding boots.
He pulled them savagely on, still chuckling and chortling, and
pausing ever and anon to smack his hip.
"Goin' riding, boss?"
"You betcher life I am."
"Where you goin'?"
"I'm going to a round up," said Bull Langdon, clicking his lips.
"After some loose stock?"
"A purebred heifer with a calf at heel," said Bull Langdon. "They've
got my brand upon them."
 CHAPTER XXIII
The Englishwoman stood in the doorway of her shack, rifle in hand,
and gazed calmly at the blustering cowman, who had dismounted,
and, fists on hips, was standing before her. For the first time in his
life Bull Langdon found himself face to face with a woman who was
not afraid of him. Her cold, unwavering glance traveled over him,
from his flat head down to his great, coarse feet, and back with cool
disparagement straight into his flinching eyes.
"You seen anything of that gell, Nettie Day?"
Angella disdained to answer. She was looking over his head, and
presently she said:
"Will you kindly remove yourself from my place? I don't want you
here."
"You don't, heh? Well, I'm here to get something of my own, do you
get me?"
"Oh, yes, I get you all right; but you'll take nothing off my place, you
may be sure of that."
He stood his ground with bravado, and blurted out his errand; he
had come for Nettie, and intended to have her and his kid. She
belonged to him; was his "gell," and he had bought her along with
her "dad's old truck." He'd have been over sooner, but his cattle had
tied him down since his return from the States, and he "wan't the
kind o' man to neglect his cattle for a woman."
As he spoke, Angella's level gaze rested coolly upon him, and met
his blustering outburst with a half-smile of detached and amused
contempt. But when he made a movement as if to enter the house,
Angella Loring slowly brought her rifle to her shoulder, and aimed
straight at him. With the practiced eye of a dead shot, she squinted
down the length of the barrel, and the Bull sprang back, when he
saw her finger crooked upon the trigger.
"What the h—— you tryin' to do?"
She answered without lowering the gun or moving her finger.
"You clear off my place! If you attempt to enter my house I'll shoot
you down with less compunction than I would a dog."
He slouched a few paces farther back, and an evil laugh broke from
his lips. Once he had reached his horse's side, his bravado returned.
"Guess there ain't goin' to be no trouble gettin' what's my own. The
law's on my side. I've got as much right to that kid, that's my own
stuff, as the gell has."
"Oh, have you?" said Angella coolly. "Unfortunately for you, the child
is no longer even Nettie's. It's mine. She gave me her child for
adoption."
"She hadn't no right to do that," said the Bull in a sudden access of
rage. "It ain't hers to give away."
"Oh, isn't it, though?"
"No, it ain't, and I'll show you a thing o' two. There won't be no
funny business with guns neither when a couple of mounties come
up here after what's mine."
"I wouldn't talk about the law if I were you. You see, when you
committed that crime against Nettie, she happened to be a minor. I
don't know just how many years in the penitentiary that may mean
for you. Her lawyers will know."
At the word "penitentiary," his face had turned gray. Nettie's youth
had never occurred to him before, nor what it might mean for him.
"Besides," went on the Englishwoman, "apart from the legal aspects
of the case, I wonder that you take a chance in a country like this.
Consider what is likely to happen to you, if the truth about Nettie
becomes known in this ranching country. We have an unwritten law
of our own in such cases, you know, and everybody has been
blaming an innocent boy. What will they say—what will they do,
when they know that the most detested and hated man in the
country attacked a young, defenseless girl when she was alone in his
house? I wouldn't care to be in your shoes when that fact leaks out,
as you may be sure it will. I'll take care of that! You can trust me to
denounce you without reserve!"
The Bull shouted, purple with rage:
"There ain't no man livin' I'm afraid of, and there ain't no man in the
country strong enough to lay a finger on me, see. I could beat every
son of a gun in Alberta to a pulp."
"I don't doubt that. You look as if you might have the strength of a
gorilla; but then where a hand will not serve a rope will, and you
know it will be short work for your own men to hang you to a tree
when young Cyril Stanley ropes you. Now I've talked to you enough.
You get off my place, or I'll put a shot in that ugly fist of yours that'll
lame you for the rest of your days."
He had remounted and she laughed at his haste; yet as he rode off,
the venomous expression on his face turned her heart cold with a
new fear, and her ears rang ominously with his parting words.
"So long, old hen, you'll sing another tune when we meet again."
 CHAPTER XXIV
"Jake, I want you to ride like 'hell on fire' to Springbank, where you'll
find Dr. McDermott. Ask at the post office for him, and you may
meet him on the trail. Don't spare Daisy, even if you have to kill her
riding. Leave her at Springbank to rest up, and come back with the
Doc. And Jake, if you get back by tomorrow night, I'll—I'll give you a
whole pound of brown sugar and a can of molasses. Now skedaddle,
and for God's sake, don't fail us."
"Me go! Me fly on the air!" cried the breed excitedly. Without saddle
or bridle—nothing but a halter rope, Jake was on the Indian
broncho, and was off like a flash over the trail.
Angella concealed her fears from the white and trembling Nettie.
"Nothing to worry about," she said carelessly. "He's afraid of my gun,
Nettie, the big coward!"
"Oh, Angel, I'm not afraid for myself, but for the baby. He's a terrible
man when he's in a passion, and he never gives up nothing that's
his."
"But you're not his," said Angel sharply, "and neither is the baby.
He's mine. You said I could have him, and I won't give him up."
"Oh, Angel, I don't want you to. He's better with you than anyone
else, and although I do love him—" Nettie's voice was breaking
piteously—"yet there are times when I can't forget that he's the
Bull's——"
"He's not. He's all yours, Nettie. There's not a trace of that wild
brute in our baby. I don't see how you can even think it. Just look at
the darling," and she held up the laughing, fair-haired baby at arm's
length. The days spent out of doors in the field had done much to
give him the health and strength that had not been his at birth. He
had Nettie's eyes and hair, but not her seriousness, for he crowed
and laughed all day long, the happiest and most contented baby in
the world.
Nettie looked at him now with swimming eyes.
"He is sweet!" she said in a choking voice, and kneeling beside
Angella, on whose lap the baby lay, she buried her head in his little
soft body.
Jake did not return the following night, nor the night after. Though
each sought to hide her anxiety from the other, the two women kept
a constant look-out along the trail, straining their ears for the
comforting sound of the motor, which on a still day could sometimes
be heard at two or even three miles' distance.
They would have gone away somewhere, but for the fact that the
threshers were due in a few days' time, and it would have meant
ruin to leave the crop unthreshed. Once the threshing was done, and
the grain safely stored in the granary, or sold direct to the
commission men who had already called upon Angella, they would
be free to make a trip to Calgary, and there seek counsel and
protection.
Meanwhile, every night they bolted and barricaded their door, and
with the baby between them, with loaded guns side by side on the
bed, hardly slept through the night. Wide-eyed and silent in the
darkness they kept their vigil, each hoping that the other slept.
On the third night, toward morning, Nettie started up with a cry. She
had heard something moving outside the shack. They gripped their
rifles and sat up listening intently. Then Angella declared that it was
only the wind, and Nettie said:
"It sounds like thunder, doesn't it? Maybe we're goin' to have
another storm."
"Let it storm," said Angella, glad of the other's voice in the darkness.
"Our crop's harvested, and no hail can hurt us now. Is the light still
going in the kitchen?"
"Yes." After a moment, Nettie said:
"I ain't afraid of nothing now for myself, but I don't want nothing to
happen to you—and my baby."
"My baby you mean," corrected Angella, pretending to laugh. But
with all the tenderness of her maternal heart, she drew the baby
close to her side.
After another long tense pause, when they again imagined things
stirring about the place, Angella said suddenly:
"Let's talk. I can't sleep and neither can you, and we never do talk
much."
"I expect that's because we've always had to work most o' the time,"
said Nettie. "Isn't it queer that you and me should be such friends."
"Why queer?"
"I'm what they call 'scrub' stock—and you——"
"So'm I—scrub. That's the kind worth being. The common clay,
Nettie. The other kind is shoddy and false and——"
"Oh, Angel, I think you're so sweet and good."
"I'm not sweet and good," said Angella stoutly, "and there's nothing
heroic about me."
"I don't care what you are," said Nettie, "I'll always love you.
Sometimes when I get thinkin' of how hard everything's been for me
in this life, I think of you and Mrs. Langdon, and I say to myself:
You're a lucky girl, Nettie. Not everybody in the world has got a
friend! Have they, Angel?"
"No—very few of us have," said Angella sadly. "Nettie, did you hear
that!"
"What?"
"It sounded like—like a moan. Listen!"
In the dark silence of the night, the long-drawn moaning sound was
repeated.
"It's cattle," said Nettie.
"Are you sure?"
"Oh, yes, I know their calls, though I didn't know there was any near
us."
"Passing along the trail probably. It's getting toward the fall, you
know."
"Angel, do you believe in God?"
"No—that is, yes—in a way I do. Do you?"
"Yes. Mrs. Langdon used to say that God was in us—in our hearts.
He can't be in every heart, can he?"
"Why not?"
"Well, Bull Langdon's for instance. God couldn't abide in his heart,
could he?"
"No, I should think not."
"But Mrs. Langdon believed it. She used to say that God loved him
as well as any of us, but that Bull was 'in error,' and that some day
God would open his eyes, and then he would be powerful good."
"Hm! He'd have to open his eyes pretty wide, I'm thinking," said
Angel. "But try and sleep now, Nettie. I'm feeling a bit drowsy
myself. Maybe we can snatch a wink or two before morning. Good-
night, Nettie."
"Good-night, Angel. I think it's true. God is in our hearts. I believe
it."
"I believe he's in yours, anyway," said Angella softly. "Good-night,
old girl."
But God dwelt not in the heart of Bull Langdon. Under the silver light
of the moon, that lay like a spell upon the sleeping land, and across
the shining valley, came the cowman, driving a great herd of steers.
Penned in corrals for shipment to the Calgary stockyards, they had
been without food for two days, and now they came down the hill,
eager and impatient for the feed that had been too long denied
them.
The Bull, on his huge bay mare, drove them rapidly before him
whirling and cracking his long whip over their heads. The Banff
highway was deserted. He chose the gritty roads, and, heads down,
the hungry steers nosed the bare ground, till they came to the level
lands, and turned into the road allowances between the farms. The
grain fields, odorous of cut hay and grain, inflamed the hunger-
maddened steers, and they moaned and sniffed as they were driven
mercilessly along.
All day and most of the night they traveled without pause and in the
first gray of the dawn they arrived at the frail fences of the Lady
Angella Loring. Down went the two insecure lines of barbed wire
that the women had set up, never counting they would be needed to
withstand the impetuous stampede of wild cattle.
When Angella and Nettie stepped out of their shack later that
morning their shocked eyes were greeted with Bull Langdon's
vindictive work. The road was still gray with the raised dust of the
departing animals turning off the road allowance for the main trail,
the Bar Q brand showing clearly on their left ribs. Filled to the neck
with the reaped grain, they were rolling heavily along the way into
Calgary.
The two girls stood before their barren fields, overwhelmed by the
magnitude of the disaster that had befallen them. Not a word was
said, but Angella, as if grown suddenly old, turned blindly to the
house, while Nettie threw herself down desperately upon the ground
and burst into bitter tears.
Her little work-roughened hands fallen loosely by her side, Angella
sat at the crude wooden table of her own making, and tried to figure
a way out of the appalling problem now facing her. She had bought
her implements on the installment plan, and the money was now
due; she owed the municipality for her seed; a chattel mortgage was
on her stock. That year's crop would have wiped out all her
indebtedness, and left her free and clear.
When her crops had failed before, she had made up her losses by
working at the Bar Q, and the small proceeds of the sale of eggs and
butter; but now she had not only herself to consider. There were two
other living creatures entirely dependent upon her. To the desolate,
heart-starved woman, Nettie and her baby had become nearer and
dearer to her than her own kin.
Nettie, still lying on the bitten down stubble, was roused from her
stupor of grief by a pulling at her sleeve, and looking up, she saw
the half-breed Jake. He was kneeling beside her, holding out a little
bunch of buttercups, and in the poor fellow's face she read his grief
and anxiety. Nettie tried to smile through her tears, and she took the
flowers gratefully.
"Thank you, Jake. Where'd you come from?" she asked, wiping her
eyes, though her breath still came in gasping sobs, and she could
not hide her tears.
"Jake come out like 'Hell on fire' in Doctor's nortermobile. Beeg,
beeg ride—run like wind—run like hell on road. Doc"—he jerked his
thumb back—"go into house. He eat foods. Jake got a hongry inside
too. She tell Jake she give'm molasses and sugar." He smacked his
lips at thought of his favorite food, but the next moment he was
studying Nettie's wet face in troubled bewilderment.
"What's matter, Nettie? Him hurt Nettie yes again?"
"Oh, yes, Jake, again." Her lip quivered.
The half-breed's face flamed savagely.
"The Bull! He no good! Jake kill 'im some day sure."
He waved his arms wildly, and Nettie shook her head, smiling at him
sadly.
"Keep away from him, Jake. He's powerful strong, and there
wouldn't be nothing much left of you if he once got his hands on
you."
"Jake not afraid of the Bull," said the half-breed, shaking his head.
"Listen, Nettie. Me—Jake Langdon—me take a peech fork, beeg long
likea this, and me jab him in the eye of the Bull, yes? That's kill
him."
"Oh, no, Jake. He'd get it from you. He'd rastle it out of your hands."
"Then me—Jake steal on house when he's sleep. Get a long big nail
—like this big—hammer him into ear. That same way many Indian
do."
"Keep away from him, Jake. You'll only get the worst of it."
"Jake don't mind worst. That's nothing. Jake no like see cry on
Nettie."
"Well, then, I'll not cry any more. You pick me some more
buttercups, Jake, and—and don't you worry about me. I'm all right."
Inside the shack, Dr. McDermott had broken his habitual Scotch
reticence and blazed into fluent fury. He had met the Bar Q herd
along the road, and had suspected something wrong. As he drove by
Angella's fields he realized what had happened, and her first words
confirmed his suspicions.
"Bull Langdon turned his steers into my crop. He has ruined us."
"The hound! The dirty, cowardly hound! I'll have him jailed for this."
"You can't, doctor," said Angella wearily, "we didn't have the legal
fence—just two wires. You warned us. I wish I had taken your
advice."
"Then I'll beat him to a pulp, with my own hands!" said the enraged
doctor.
Angella looked up at him with a pitying smile.
"No, man you shan't do that. I wouldn't have you soil your hands
touching him."
Her head dropped, and for a long time no word was spoken in the
little shack. Dr. McDermott, tongue-tied, stared down at the bowed
head of Angella. Presently she said, without looking up, but in a sort
of hopeless, dead way:
"Dr. McDermott, I'm through. I can't go on fighting. I'm beat."
"Through!" roared her friend, who had once preached so violently
against her laboring as a man, "lass, you've only begun! You're of a
fighting race—a grand race, and you'll go down fighting. You're not
of the breed to admit you're beat."
"Little you know of my breed," she said sadly.
Dr. McDermott took the chair opposite her, thrust out his chin and
forced her to look at him.
"Do you remember the stable lad ye whipped because he'd not let
you ride the young Spitfire?" he said. "Don't you remember the lad
that twenty-five years ago your father sent away to college in
Glasgow?"
Her eyes grew wide and bright as she stared at him as though she
saw him for the first time. Color touched her cheeks, she looked like
a girl again. For a moment she could not speak, but only stare at
him. Out of the mists of memory she was seeing again the
barefooted boy she had stolen away many a time to play with; it was
incredible that he and this rugged Scotch doctor, who had forced his
friendship upon her out in the wilds of Canada, should be one and
the same.
"Are you really that boy?"
And then, with a catch in her voice:
"Why, I must have been blind." A little sob of delight at this
miraculous encounter rose in her throat.
"Then you are—Angus. That was your name, wasn't it. Oh, I have
been blind!"
"Twenty-five years is a long time, my lady."
"Don't call me, my lady. I hate it."
"I'm glad of that, ma'am," said the doctor solemnly, which made her
laugh.
"And now," he pleaded, roughly, though in desperate earnest, "you'll
be taking back the money that your father spent to make a doctor of
a stable lad, will you not? You'll let me stake you, lass?"
"Oh, you've more than paid that debt. This ranch alone——"
"It's a homestead—a free gift of the Canadian Government. It'll not
begin to pay for the cost of a mon's education. A debt's a debt, and
I trust you'll allow a mon to wipe out a heavy obligation."
At that Angella smiled, but her eyes were wet.
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