GIÁO ÁN LỚP 12 (18/7)

UNIT 1: LIFE STORIES WE ADMIRE

PART: VOCABULARY + PRONUNCIATION + EXERCISES
I/ VOCABULARY
Vietnamese Clue
Vocabulary Type IPA
meaning
Every night before going
to bed, she writes her
thoughts and feelings in a
small notebook. She never
1. Diary (noun) /ˈdaɪəri/ Nhật ký
lets anyone read it.What
does she write?
→ Học sinh đoán: diary =
nhật ký
When he turned 18, he
joined the group of
soldiers that protect the
country. He wore a green
2. Army (noun) /ˈɑːrmi/ Quân đội
uniform. What does he
join in?
→ Học sinh đoán: army =
quân đội
In the past, people in
Vietnam fought bravely
against the invaders to
3. protect their country. This
/rɪˈzɪstəns
Resistance (noun) Cuộc kháng chiến fight was called the
wɔːr/
war _________.
→ Gợi ý bối cảnh lịch sử →
resistance war = chiến
tranh kháng chiến
The teacher read a short
story that told what really
happened during the war,
written by a nurse. It was
4. Account (noun) /əˈkaʊnt/ Bản ghi chép
her personal ________ of
that time.
→ Gợi ý: account = bản
ghi chép, tường thuật
Even though he was tired,
he still completed his job
5. Duty (noun) /ˈdjuːti/ Nghĩa vụ well because it was his
________ to do so.
→ Gợi ý: duty = nhiệm vụ
6. Publish (verb) /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ Xuất bản The author finished
writing the book last year.
Now, it is printed and sold
 in bookstores everywhere.
→ Gợi ý: publish = xuất
bản
The book was first written
in Vietnamese, but now
7. you can read it in English
(phras /trænsˈleɪt
Translate Dịch sang too. It was _________
e) ˈɪntuː/
into English.
→ Gợi ý: translate into =
dịch sang
He did many great things
for his country and is
8. National /ˈnæʃənl remembered by everyone.
(noun) Anh hùng dân tộc
hero ˈhɪrəʊ/ He is a __________.
→ Gợi ý: national hero =
anh hùng dân tộc
She spent her whole life
helping poor people. She
9. Devote (phras _________ her time and
/dɪˈvəʊt tuː/ Cống hiến
to e) energy to others.
→ Gợi ý: devote to = cống
hiến cho
When he was in his
_________, he loved playing
10. Youth (noun) /juːθ/ Tuổi trẻ sports and learning new
things.
→ Gợi ý: youth = tuổi trẻ
At the age of six, children
in Vietnam begin to
________ primary school.
11. Attend
(phras /əˈtend Later, they can ________
school/coll Đi học
e) skuːl/ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ university.
ege
→ Gợi ý: attend
school/college = đi học,
theo học
His family was very poor.
He had to work to help his
parents and couldn’t go to
12. Have a /hæv ə
(phras Có một tuổi thơ school. He really
difficult ˈdɪfɪkəlt
e) khó khăn __________.
childhood ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
→ Gợi ý: have a difficult
childhood = có tuổi thơ
khó khăn
Many people __________
her for her bravery during
13. Admire (phras
/ədˈmaɪə fəːr/ Ngưỡng mộ về the war.
for e)
→ Gợi ý: admire for =
ngưỡng mộ vì điều gì
14. Have a (phras /hæv ə lɒŋ Có một cuộc hôn They got married when
long e) ˈmærɪdʒ/ nhân lâu dài they were 20 and stayed
marriage together for 50 years.
 They __________.
→ Gợi ý: have a long
marriage = có cuộc hôn
nhân lâu dài
Winning the gold medal at
15. the Olympics was his most
Impressive (phras /ɪmˈpresɪv ə Thành tựu ấn __________.
achieveme e) ˈtʃiːvmənt/ tượng → Gợi ý: impressive
nt achievement = thành tựu
đáng nể
16. field (np) / bệnh viện dã During the war, doctors
hospital fiːld/ /ˈhɒspɪtᵊl/ chiến treated wounded soldiers
in a small hospital set up
in the forest. It was called
a __________.
→ Gợi ý: field hospital =
bệnh viện dã chiến
II/ CONVERSATION
1. What is the title of the book that Nam is reading?
(Tên cuốn sách mà Nam đang đọc là gì?)
Last Night I Dreamed of Peace: The Diary of Dang Thuy Tram.
2. Who is Dang Thuy Tram?
(Đặng Thùy Trâm là ai?)
She was a Vietnamese doctor who volunteered to join the army during the resistance
war against the US.
3. Where was Dang Thuy Tram born and what did she study?
(Đặng Thùy Trâm sinh ra ở đâu và bà học ngành gì?)
She was born in Hue in 1942 and studied medicine in Hanoi.
4. At what age did she join the army, and what was her job there?
(Bà gia nhập quân đội khi bao nhiêu tuổi và làm công việc gì?)
She joined the army at the age of 24 and worked as a surgeon.
5. Where did she write her diary?
(Bà viết nhật ký ở đâu?)
While working in a field hospital in Quang Ngai Province.
6. What does her diary mainly talk about?
(Nhật ký của bà chủ yếu nói về điều gì?)
It contains personal accounts of her experiences during the war and shows her love for
her family and country.
7. What happened to Dang Thuy Tram when she was 27?
(Điều gì đã xảy ra với Đặng Thùy Trâm khi bà 27 tuổi?)
She was killed by the enemy while doing her duty in the jungle in Quang Ngai.
8. Who found her diary and what did he do with it?
(Ai đã tìm thấy nhật ký của bà và người đó đã làm gì với nó?)
An American soldier found it and saved it from being burnt.
9. When was the diary published in Vietnam?
(Nhật ký được xuất bản ở Việt Nam vào năm nào?)
In 2005.
10. Why is Dang Thuy Tram considered a national hero?
(Vì sao Đặng Thùy Trâm được xem là anh hùng dân tộc?)
Because she devoted her youth and whole life to saving other people’s lives during the
war.

III/ EXERCISE
Exercise 2,3,4 – getting started
Exercise 1,2 – vocabulary
IV/ EXTRA-EXERCISE
EXERCISE
UNIT 1: LIFE STORIES WE ADMIRE
I/ PRONUNCIATION
1. Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. attended B. admired C. adopted D. decided
2. A. passed B. missed C. dropped D. lived
3. A. able B. adopt C. attack D. account
4. A. gave B. age C. became D. company
5. A. poem B. love C. only D. told
6. A. soldier B. product C. whole D. diagnose
2. Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word which differs from the
other three in the position of the main stress in each of the following
questions.
1. A. hero B. account C. cancer D. genius
2. A. attend B. finish C. design D. invent

II/ VOCABULARY
1. Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
1. Her diary contains detailed _____ of her travels around Europe.
A. novels B. biographies C. accounts D. poems
2. My mother and father _____ the same school.
A. attended B. went C. studied D. worked
3. Marie Curie was admired_____ her achievements in physics and chemistry.
A. of B. for C. by D. with
4. The Trung Sisters, who were military leaders(nhà lãnh đạo quân sự) more than 2,000
years ago, are considered national _____ of Viet Nam.
A. heroes B. geniuses C. youths D. scientists
5. My grandfather had a difficult _____ since he had to start work at the age of nine.
A. childhood B. youth C. birth D. marriage
6. Queen Elizabeth II passed _____ on 8 September, 2022.
A. out Β. away C. off D.in
7. My grandmother died of _____ after fighting the disease for 20 years.
A. operation B. cancer C. hospital D. attack
8. A lot of people drop _____ college, but still become very successful.
A. out : bỏ học B. out of: bỏ học + tân ngữ C. away from: giảm dần
D. over: ghé thăm ai
9. It's my grandparents' 60th wedding anniversary today. The keys to their long and
happy_____ are honesty and trust.
A. childhood B. marriage C. adoption D. achievement
10. My dad was given the 'Employee of the Year' award for his impressive _____ at work.
A. genius B. accounts C. determination D. achievements
2. Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. My grandfather passed away at the age of 98. He lived a long and happy life.
A. was born B. got married C. died D. retired
2. Mark Zuckerberg attended Harvard University, but never completed his degree.
A. resigned: từ chức B. graduated from C. worked at
D. studied at
3. My aunt and uncle are not my cousin's biological parents(cha mẹ ruột). They took
him as their own child when he was two.
A. adopted B. adapted C. applied D. born
4. My uncle stopped going to school to join the army when he was 18.
A. dropped by: ghé qua B. dropped from: rơi từ C. dropped out of: từ bỏ
D. dropped over: ghé thăm
5. Dr Wilson chose to devote his professional life to treating homeless people.
A. waste B. dedicate C. gain D. save
6. During his time as a kid, my father lived on a small farm.
A. childhood B. youth C. adulthood D.
marriage
7. Everyone in my village respected my father for his bravery in the war.
A. believed B. showed C. loved D. admired
8. Winning an Olympic gold medal is an impressive achievement.
A. small B. interesting C. great D. unexpected
3. Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning
to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. He has won many awards for his impressive achievements in science and technology.
A. great B. important C. latest D. Ordinary: bình
thường
2. Repeatedly calling someone a stupid person is an example of verbal bullying.
A. hero B. fool C. genius D. scientist
3. In her old age, my grandmother is still very active in the local community.
A. youth B. adulthood C. retirement D. life
4. Many people admire her artworks and follow her on social media.
A. love B. respect C. dislike D. misunderstand
5. The reason behind Apple's huge success lies in its focus on user experience.
A. fame B. benefit C. achievement D. failure
6. During the wars, our country fought bravely against the enemies(kẻ thù) to defend
our freedom
A. friends B. attackers C. opponents D.
competitors
 HOMEWORK
I. PRONUNCIATION
Task 1. Find the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. soldier B. hero C. adopt D. diagnose: chuẩn
đoán
A. soldier /ˈsəʊl.dʒə/ B. hero /ˈhɪə.rəʊ/ C. adopt /əˈdɒpt/ D. diagnose /ˈdaɪ.əɡ.nəʊz/

2. A. bond B. drop C. copy D. devote

A. bond /bɒnd/ B. drop /drɒp/ C. copy /ˈkɒ.pi/ D. devote /dɪˈvəʊt/

3. A. biography : tiểu sử B. animator C. dedicated D.

sales
A. biography /baɪˈɒɡ.rə.fi/ B. animator /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ.tər/ C. dedicated /ˈded.ɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ D.
sales /seɪlz/

4. A. phonograph: máy hát B. record C. post D. hold

A. phonograph /ˈfəʊ.nə.ɡrɑːf/ B. record /ˈrek.ɔːd/ C. post /pəʊst/ D. hold /həʊld/

5. A. resign: từ chức B. admire C. biological D. inspiring

A. resign /rɪˈzaɪn/ B. admire /ədˈmaɪə/ C. biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ D.
inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪə.rɪŋ/
6. A. statement: tuyên bố B. attend C. film-maker D.
determination
A. statement /ˈsteɪt.mənt/ B. attend /əˈtend/
C. film-maker /ˈfɪlm ˌmeɪ.kər/ D. determination /dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
7. A. attack: tấn công B. marriage C. navy : hải quân D.
battle
A. attack /əˈtæk/ B. marriage /ˈmær.ɪdʒ/ C. navy /ˈneɪ.vi/ D. battle /ˈbæt.əl/
8. A. resistance B. blockbuster C. diagnose D. disease
A. resistance /rɪˈzɪs.təns/ : sự kháng cự B. blockbuster /ˈblɒkˌbʌs.tər/: phim bom tấn
C. diagnose /ˈdaɪ.əɡ.nəʊz/ D. disease /dɪˈziːz/
9. A. medicine B. cancer C. communist D. historical
A. medicine /ˈmed.ɪ.sən/ B. cancer /ˈkæn.sər/
C. communist /ˈkɒm.jə.nɪst/: người cộng sản D. historical /hɪˈstɒr.ɪ.kəl/
10. A. hospital B. military C. animator D. ambitious
A. hospital /ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl/ B. military /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tər.i/: quân đội
C. animator /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ.tər/ D. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/: tham vọng
Task 2. Find the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress
in each of the following questions.
1. A. army B. account C. surgeon D. navy
A. army /ˈɑː.mi/ B. account /əˈkaʊnt/ C. surgeon /ˈsɜː.dʒən/ D.
navy /ˈneɪ.vi/

2. A. devote B. admire C. attend D. hero

A. devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ B. admire /ədˈmaɪə/ C. attend /əˈtend/ D.
hero /ˈhɪə.rəʊ/

3. A. impressive B. resistance C. medicine D.

adoption
A. impressive /ɪmˈpres.ɪv/ B. resistance /rɪˈzɪs.təns/
C. medicine /ˈmed.ɪ.sən/ D. adoption /əˈdɒp.ʃən/
4. A. diagnose B. general C. phonograph D. achievement
A. diagnose /ˈdaɪ.əɡ.nəʊz/ B. general /ˈdʒen.rəl/
C. phonograph /ˈfəʊ.nə.ɡrɑːf/ D. achievement /əˈtʃiːv.mənt/
5. A. cancer B. attack C. disease D. defeat: sự đánh
bại
A. cancer /ˈkæn.sər/ B. attack /əˈtæk/ C. disease /dɪˈziːz/ D. defeat /dɪˈfiːt/
6. A. accessible B. historical C. animator D. biography
A. accessible /əkˈses.ə.bəl/: có thể tiếp cận B. historical /hɪˈstɒr.ɪ.kəl/
C. animator /ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ.tər/ D. biography /baɪˈɒɡ.rə.fi/
7. A. enemy B. computer C. poetry D. blockbuster
A. enemy /ˈen.ə.mi/ B. computer /kəmˈpjuː.tər/
C. poetry /ˈpəʊ.ɪ.tri/ D. blockbuster /ˈblɒkˌbʌs.tər/
8. A. military B. animation C. contribution D. pancreatic
A. military /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tər.i/ B. animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/
C. contribution /ˌkɒn.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/ D. pancreatic /ˌpæŋ.kriˈæt.ɪk/: tuyến tuỵ
9. A invent B. resign C. childhood D. adopt
A. invent /ɪnˈvent/ B. resign /rɪˈzaɪn/
C. childhood /ˈtʃaɪld.hʊd/ D. adopt /əˈdɒpt/
10. A. biological B. innovation C. electronics D. determination
A. biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ B. innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/: sự đổi mới
C. electronics /ɪˌlekˈtrɒn.ɪks/ D. determination /dɪˌtɜː.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
II. VOCABULARY
Task 1. Match the words/ phrases on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. diary D a. a country, or the armed forces of a country, that is at war with
another country
2. death I b. a very smart person
3. youth H c. something that a person, company, etc. has done or finished
successfully
4. genius B d. a book in which you write about your thoughts or feelings or
what has happened each day
5. battle L e. a report or description of an event or experience
6. biography G f. the armed forces of a country
7. achievement g. the life story of a person written by someone else
C
8. rule J h. the period of your life when you are young, or the state of
being young
9. enemy A i. the end of life
10. account E j. controlling a country
11. military F k. a person who is admired for bravery or good qualities
12. hero K l. a fight between armed forces or two groups, often in a war

Task 2. Fill in each blank with a suitable phrase from Task 1. Make any
changes if necessary.
1. Albert Einstein was a genius who contributed to revolutionising physics.
Einstein là một thiên tài đã góp phần cách mạng hóa vật lý.
2. Reading the biography of a great leader can inspire and motivate us.
Đọc tiểu sử của một lãnh đạo vĩ đại có thể truyền cảm hứng và động lực cho chúng ta.

3. The military plays a crucial role in safeguarding our country.

Quân đội đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc bảo vệ đất nước.
4. General Vo Nguyen Giap is a national hero for his strategic military leadership in the
Viet Nam War.
Đại tướng Võ Nguyên Giáp là anh hùng dân tộc vì tài chỉ huy chiến lược trong chiến
tranh Việt Nam.
5. Anne Frank’s diary provides personal accounts of her life during the wartime.
Nhật ký của Anne Frank cung cấp những ghi chép cá nhân về cuộc sống của cô trong
thời chiến.

6. Despite facing death, the soldiers sacrificed for the freedom of their people.
Dù đối mặt với cái chết, những người lính vẫn hy sinh vì tự do của nhân dân.
7. The greatest achievement of Uncle Ho was leading Viet Nam to independence.
Thành tựu lớn nhất của Bác Hồ là đưa Việt Nam đến nền độc lập.
8. During the war, we fought against a common enemy to protect our country.
Trong chiến tranh, chúng ta chiến đấu chống lại kẻ thù chung để bảo vệ đất nước.
9. Under the rule of Catherine II, Russia had great developments in architecture and
trade.
Dưới sự cai trị của Catherine II, nước Nga có nhiều phát triển về kiến trúc và thương
mại.
10. In spite of facing many challenges, the brave soldiers won the battle and managed
to protect their homeland.
Dù đối mặt với nhiều thử thách, những người lính dũng cảm đã giành chiến thắng trong
trận chiến và bảo vệ quê hương.
11. In his youth, he dreamed of making a positive impact on the world.
Khi còn trẻ, anh ấy mơ ước tạo ra ảnh hưởng tích cực đến thế giới.
Task 3. Complete each sentence below with a suitable verb from the box
(change the form of the verb if necessary).
defeat hold (x2) adopt admire diagnose
resign attend fight do

1. After his parents died in an accident, a kind couple adopted him.

Một cặp vợ chồng tốt bụng đã nhận nuôi cậu bé sau khi bố mẹ cậu qua đời.
2. Skilled doctors can diagnose illnesses early, increasing the chances of successful
treatment.
Các bác sĩ giỏi có thể chẩn đoán bệnh sớm, tăng khả năng điều trị thành công.
3. During the Viet Nam War, the Vietnamese people united to fight foreign invaders.
Trong chiến tranh Việt Nam, người dân đã đoàn kết chiến đấu chống lại quân xâm lược.
4. People around the world admire Ho Chi Minh for his leadership in Viet Nam’s
struggle for independence.
Người dân khắp thế giới ngưỡng mộ Hồ Chí Minh vì vai trò lãnh đạo trong cuộc đấu
tranh giành độc lập.
5. He resigned from his position because of health issues in 2011.
Ông ấy đã từ chức vì lý do sức khỏe vào năm 2011.
6. After graduating from high school, she took a gap year before attending college.
Sau khi tốt nghiệp trung học, cô ấy nghỉ một năm trước khi vào đại học.
7. Although he was held in prison for years, he never gave up fighting for justice.
Dù bị giam giữ trong tù nhiều năm, ông ấy không bao giờ từ bỏ cuộc chiến vì công lý.
8. She was attacked by the enemy when she was doing her duty.
Cô ấy bị tấn công khi đang làm nhiệm vụ.

9. Steve Jobs tried to defeat cancer for several years before his death.
Steve Jobs đã cố gắng chống lại bệnh ung thư nhiều năm trước khi qua đời.
10. Walt Disney holds the record for both the most Academy awards and Oscars.
Walt Disney đang nắm giữ kỷ lục về số giải thưởng Oscar nhiều nhất.
Task 4. Complete each sentence with one suitable phrase (change the form of
the verb if necessary).

pass away carry out bond over devote to drop out of

1. I admire her because she devote her lifetime to helping those in need.
2. Despite facing challenges, she didn’t drop out of school and pursued her education.
3. He passed away after a few years of suffering from a serious disease.
4. Vo Thi Sau is a famous war heroine, who carried out (tiến hành) attacks against
French soldiers in 1984.
5. He and his best friend bonded over (gắn kết) their passion for technology.

Task 5. Match each word on the left with the word that has SIMILAR meaning
on the right.
 1. ambitious a. hurt
2. injured b. dedicated
3. inspiring c. determined
4. impressive d. modern
5. cutting-edge e. remarkable
6. devoted f. motivating
1-C ;2-A;3-F;4-E;5-D;6-B
Task 6. Match each word on the left with the word that has OPPOSITE meaning
on the right.
1. accessible a. short
2. alive b. weak
3. biological c. dead
4. well-educated d. unavailable
5. lengthy e. uneducated
6. powerful f. adopted (nhận nuôi)
1D;2C;3F ;4E;5A;6B
Task 7. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1. The film became a blockbuster / phonograph, attracting millions of viewers
worldwide.
2. Dang Thuy Tram was a/an surgeon / army who saved lots of people’s lives during
the jungle / resistance war against the US.
3. The establishment of war heroes / field hospital during the war provided crucial
medical support to injured soldiers.
4. General Vo Nguyen Giap is a famous historical post / figure of Viet Nam.
5. Steve Jobs died of pancreatic cancer / medicine at the age of 56.
6. Walt Disney had a powerful / biological daughter and an adopted one.
7. Marie Curie earned two Nobel Prizes, which was a/an visionary: có tầm nhìn /
impressive achievement.
8. She was a dedicated / accessible person who devoted her life to helping the poor
and sick.
9. Elon Musk’s companies are known for their cutting-edge / ambitious technologies
and innovations.
10. Her father died when she was a little child, so she had a very difficult marriage /
childhood.
Task 8. Complete each sentence using the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Walt Disney is one of the most well-known animators in the world. (ANIMATED)
2. Queen Elizabeth I was known as a very determined and intelligent person.
(DETERMINATION)
3. Steve Jobs made a great contribution to the development of technology.
(CONTRIBUTE)
4. Wes Anderson is a master of both live-action and animation film-making (quá trình
làm phim). (FILM-MAKER)
5. His parents were very poor so they had to give him up for adoption. (ADOPT)
6. “Sonnet 18” is a famous poem (bài thơ) written by William Shakespeare, the father
of modern English Literature. (POETRY), poet: nhà thơ, poetry: thơ ca (nói chung)
7. Toy Story is the first computer-animated film produced by Pixar Animation Studios.
(COMPUTER ANIMATION)
8. Catherine the Great, who ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, helped to expand Russian
Empire. (EXPANDING)
 GIÁO ÁN 18-7-2025
UNIT 1
PART 2: GRAMMAR

Past simple and Past continuous (Quá khứ đơn và Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
1. PAST SIMPLE (QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)
a. Cách dùng:
ST Cách dùng Ví dụ
T
1. Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và I read a story about Steve Jobs
kết thúc trong quá khứ yesterday.
Hôm qua tôi đã đọc một câu chuyện về
Steve Jobs.
2. Diễn tả các hành động liên tiếp xảy I went to the park, met my friend and
ra trong quá khứ, các sự kiện chính then we went to watch a movie about
trong câu chuyện Steve Jobs together.
Tôi đến công viên, gặp bạn tôi và sau
đó chúng tôi cùng nhau đi xem phim về
Steve Jobs.
3. Diễn tả một hành động xen vào một Yesterday when I came home, my
hành động đang diễn ra trong quá mother was reading a book about
khứ Dang Thuy Tram.
Hôm qua khi tôi về nhà, mẹ tôi đang
đọc cuốn sách về Đặng Thùy Trâm.
b. Công thức
- Câu khẳng định
Động từ to be Động từ thường
S + was/ were + N/ Adj S + V-ed/V2
- I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít / Danh từ
không đếm được + was
- We / You / They / Danh từ số nhiều +
were
- Câu phủ định
Động từ to be Động từ thường
S + was/ were not + N/ Adj S + did not + V (nguyên thể)
was not = wasn’t did not = didn’t
 were not = weren’t

- Câu nghi vấn

Động từ to be Động từ thường
Q: Was/ Were + S + N/ Adj? Q: Did + S + V (nguyên thể)?
A: Yes, S + was/ were. A: Yes, S + did.
No, S + wasn’t/ weren’t. No, S + didn’t.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

Trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong quá khứ:
- Yesterday, yesterday morning
- Last night/ week/ month/ year...
- A period + ago: two weeks ago, two days ago
- In January, in 1999, in the 1990s...
- On February 14th, May 5th 2000
- When + S + V: When I was a child
- For + a period: for a week, for two months
d. Regular verbs (Động từ có quy tắc)
Động từ có quy tắc là động từ tuân theo nguyên tắc thêm -ed vào đuôi động từ để
tạo thành động từ thì quá khứ.
Một số nguyên tắc thêm -ed
- Động từ tận cùng là “e” chỉ cần thêm “d”.
E.g.: hope => hoped; agree => agreed
- Nếu một động từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm (trừ w, x, y), trước đó là 1 nguyên
âm thì nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm -ed.
E.g: stop => stopped, plan => planned
- Nếu động từ 2 âm tiết kết thúc bằng phụ âm, trước đó là 1 nguyên âm, trọng âm của
từ vào âm tiết thứ 2 thì nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm -ed.
E.g.: regret => regretted; prefer => preferred
- Nếu động từ kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm + “y” thì đổi “y” thành “i” rồi thêm -ed.
E.g.: study => studied; apply => applied
e. Irregular verbs (Động từ bất quy tắc)
- Động từ bất quy tắc là động từ KHÔNG tuân theo nguyên tắc thêm -ed vào đuôi động
từ để tạo thành động từ ở thì quá khứ.
- Có hơn 300 động từ bất quy tắc
Một số động từ bất quy tắc thường gặp:
Động từ nguyên thể Động từ ở quá khứ
beat beat
become became
break broke
bring brought
build built
buy bought
catch caught
come came
do did
eat ate
feel felt
find found
forget forgot
get got
grow grew
have had
hold held
know knew
leave left
make made
2. QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
a. Cách dùng
STT Cách dùng Ví dụ
1. Diễn tả hành động đang I was watching a movie about Steve Jobs at 3
xảy ra tại một thời điểm o’clock yesterday.
trong quá khứ
Hôm qua tôi đang xem một bộ phim về Steve
Jobs lúc 3 giờ.
2. Diễn tả hành động đang Yesterday when I came home, my mother was
xảy ra thì có hành động reading a book about Dang Thuy Tram. Hôm
khác xen vào qua khi tôi về nhà, mẹ tôi đang đọc cuốn sách
về Đặng Thùy Trâm.
3. Diễn tả hành động lặp đi She was always making a noise when
lặp lại trong quá khứ và watching movies.
làm phiền đến người khác -
Cô ấy luôn gây ồn ào khi xem phim.
đi với “always”
4. Diễn tả bối cảnh của một It was raining heavily outside. Jobs went out
câu chuyện. to meet his friends.
Bên ngoài trời đã đang mưa rất to. Jobs đi ra
ngoài để gặp bạn bè.
5. Diễn tả ít nhất 2 hành động My dad was watching a documentary about
cùng xảy ra 1 lúc trong quá war heroes when I was studying last night.
khứ
Bố tôi đã đang xem một bộ phim tài liệu về các
anh hùng chiến tranh khi tôi đã đang học bài
tối qua.
b. Công thức
S + was/ were + V-ing
- I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít / Danh từ không đếm được + was +
Khẳng định
V-ing
- You / We / They / Danh từ số nhiều + were + V-ing
S + was/ were + not + V-ing
Phủ định was not = wasn’t
were not = weren’t
Nghi vấn Q: Was/ Were + S + V-ing?
Câu hỏi Yes/ No A: Yes, S + was/ were.
No, S + was/ were + not
Câu hỏi sử dụng từ Wh- + was/ were (not) + S + V-ing?
 hỏi Wh-

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

- At + giờ trong quá khứ (at 8 p.m yesterday)
- At this time + thời gian quá khứ (at this time last week,...)
- In the past
- In + năm (in 2021,...)
- When, while
Task 1. Complete each sentence using the correct form of the verb in brackets,
using past simple tense or past continuous tense.
1. Thomas Edison (invent) invented the phonograph, an impressive achievement in
1877.
2. The enemy forces (attack) attacked the army base while the soldiers (sleep) was
sleeping.
3. Walt Disney (create) created Disneyland, a famous tourist attraction, in 1955.
4. While Isaac Newton (sit) was sitting under an apple tree, an apple (fall) felt on his
head, leading to a series of thoughts about gravity.
5. Steve Jobs (come up with) came up with the idea for the iPhone while he (go on)
was going a business trip.
6. Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt (adopt) adopted several children from different
countries in the world.
7. The soldiers (march) was marching (diễu hành) through the jungle when they
(encounter) encountered (bắt gặp) the enemy. Kẻ thù
8. My family members (watch) were watching a film about a Vietnamese national hero
at 10 a.m. yesterday.
Task 2. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1. While the war hero was telling / told his story, the audience were listening /
listen attentively.
2. While Marie Curie worked / was working in her laboratory, she made / was
making a ground-breaking discovery.
3. The filmmaker was working / worked tirelessly on his latest blockbuster film last
year.
4. While the soldiers fought / were fighting in the jungle, their families waited / were
waiting anxiously at home.
5. Alexander Graham Bell invented / was inventing the telephone when he lived /
was living in Boston.
6. When he was at high school, he developed / was developing a passion for computer
animation.
7. I read / was reading a book about Charles Dickens while my sister watched / was
watching a documentary about Karl Marx.
8. Cleopatra VII ruled / was ruling Egypt from 51 BC to 30 BC, making it a rich nation.
Task 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the mistake in each of the
following sentences and correct it.
1. Vo Thi Sau was caught while she carried out an attack against the enemy.
A. caught B. carried out C. attack D. enemy
2. While she was working as a surgeon in a field hospital, she was writing her diary.
A. While B. was working C. surgeon D. was writing
3. Catherine II was an ambitious person, who was expanding the Russian Empire while
she was ruling Russia.
A. ambitious B. was expanding C. Russian D. was ruling
4. One of the national heroes I admire is Vo Thi Sau, who was fighting against the
French bravely in the late 1940s.
A. heroes B. admire C. was fighting D. bravely
5. They didn’t have a long marriage but they got divorced after 3 years of getting
married.
A. didn’t have B. but C. got D. married