Electrical Circuit Theory

One-Mark Objective Questions

Unit I: Basic Circuits Analysis

1. What is the unit of electrical resistance?

A) Ohm
B) Volt
C) Ampere
D) Farad
Answer: A) Ohm

2. Which law states that the current entering a node is equal to the current
leaving the node?
A) Ohm's Law
B) Faraday's Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
D) Lenz's Law
Answer: C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law

3. What is the formula given by Ohm’s Law?

A) V = IR
B) I = VR
C) R = VI
D) V = I/R
Answer: A) V = IR

4. In a series circuit, the total resistance is:

A) Sum of individual resistances
B) Product of resistances
C) Same as the smallest resistor
D) Same as the largest resistor
Answer: A) Sum of individual resistances

5. What is the equivalent resistance of two 4Ω resistors in parallel?

A) 8Ω
B) 2Ω
C) 4Ω
D) 1Ω
Answer: B) 2Ω

6. Which transformation converts a triangle configuration into a star

configuration?
A) Star-to-Delta
B) Delta-to-Star
C) Series-to-Parallel
D) None of the above
Answer: B) Delta-to-Star

7. Which of the following is true in a parallel circuit?

A) Voltage is same across all branches
B) Current is same in all branches
C) Resistance adds up
D) Power is not conserved
Answer: A) Voltage is same across all branches

8. In mesh analysis, which of the following is used?

A) KCL
B) KVL
C) Ohm’s Law
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C

9. Node analysis is based on which of the following laws?

A) KVL
B) Ohm’s Law
C) KCL
D) Lenz’s Law
Answer: C) KCL

10. What is the voltage across a 5Ω resistor carrying 2A current?

A) 2.5V
B) 10V
C) 5V
D) 7V
Answer: B) 10V

11. In a closed loop, the sum of the voltage drops is equal to the sum of EMFs
due to:
A) Faraday’s Law
B) Lenz’s Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
D) Thevenin’s Theorem
Answer: C) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

12. Which component stores energy in an electric field?

A) Inductor
B) Capacitor
C) Resistor
D) Transformer
Answer: B) Capacitor

13. The equivalent resistance of two 10Ω resistors in parallel is:

A) 20Ω
B) 5Ω
C) 10Ω
D) 0Ω
Answer: B) 5Ω

14. A 10V battery supplies a current of 2A. What is the resistance of the load?
A) 5Ω
B) 10Ω
C) 20Ω
D) 2Ω
Answer: A) 5Ω

15. The unit of conductance is:

A) Ohm
B) Siemens
C) Farad
D) Henry
Answer: B) Siemens

16. In a purely resistive circuit, the power factor is:

A) Zero
B) Unity
C) 0.5
D) Negative
Answer: B) Unity
17. The SI unit of capacitance is:
A) Farad
B) Coulomb
C) Volt
D) Ampere
Answer: A) Farad

18. Node voltage analysis is based on:

A) KVL
B) Superposition
C) KCL
D) Ohm’s Law
Answer: C) KCL

19. A circuit with 3 resistors in series has individual resistances of 2Ω, 4Ω, and
6Ω. Total resistance is:
A) 6Ω
B) 4Ω
C) 12Ω
D) 2Ω
Answer: C) 12Ω

20. Power is defined as:

A) P = VI
B) P = I²R
C) P = V²/R
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

21. Which of the following is a passive component?

A) Transistor
B) Op-Amp
C) Diode
D) Resistor
Answer: D) Resistor

22. What is the total current in a parallel circuit?

A) Same as in one branch
B) Equal to the largest branch current
C) Sum of branch currents
D) Zero
Answer: C) Sum of branch currents

23. The voltage across a short circuit is:

A) Equal to source voltage
B) Zero
C) Infinite
D) Depends on the load
Answer: B) Zero

24. Which law is used in mesh analysis?

A) KCL
B) KVL
C) Ohm’s Law
D) Norton’s Theorem
Answer: B) KVL

25. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the galvanometer shows:

A) Maximum current
B) Minimum current
C) Zero current
D) Infinite current
Answer: C) Zero current

26. The current through a resistor is directly proportional to:

A) Voltage
B) Resistance
C) Power
D) Capacitance
Answer: A) Voltage

27. The sum of currents at a junction is zero. This is due to:

A) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
B) Ohm’s Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
D) Superposition Theorem
Answer: C) Kirchhoff’s Current Law

28. A circuit is said to be linear when it satisfies:

A) KVL
B) Superposition principle
C) KCL
D) Thevenin’s Theorem
Answer: B) Superposition principle

29. Which of these cannot store energy?

A) Inductor
B) Capacitor
C) Resistor
D) Battery
Answer: C) Resistor

30. Which device stores energy in the form of a magnetic field?

A) Capacitor
B) Diode
C) Resistor
D) Inductor
Answer: D) Inductor

31. The SI unit of inductance is:

A) Henry
B) Farad
C) Ohm
D) Coulomb
Answer: A) Henry

32. Thevenin’s theorem replaces a complex network with:

A) A current source
B) An AC source
C) A single voltage source and series resistance
D) Parallel resistance
Answer: C) A single voltage source and series resistance

33. Norton’s theorem uses:

A) A voltage source and series resistance
B) A current source and parallel resistance
C) Only resistors
D) AC sources
Answer: B) A current source and parallel resistance
34. The total resistance of 10Ω, 20Ω, and 30Ω in parallel is:
A) 5Ω
B) 6Ω
C) 10Ω
D) 60Ω
Answer: B) 6Ω

35. Ohm’s Law fails in:

A) Resistors
B) Capacitors
C) Semiconductors
D) Superconductors
Answer: D) Superconductors

36. The reciprocal of resistance is:

A) Voltage
B) Conductance
C) Capacitance
D) Reactance
Answer: B) Conductance

37. The power consumed in a resistive circuit is maximum when:

A) Voltage is zero
B) Current is minimum
C) Power factor is unity
D) Reactance is present
Answer: C) Power factor is unity

38. Superposition theorem is valid for:

A) Linear circuits
B) Non-linear circuits
C) Unilateral circuits
D) All types of circuits
Answer: A) Linear circuits

39. Which of the following is not a network theorem?

A) Superposition theorem
B) Thevenin’s theorem
C) Kirchoff’s Law
D) Ohm’s Law
Answer: D) Ohm’s Law

40. In a purely inductive circuit, the current:

A) Leads voltage by 90°
B) Lags voltage by 90°
C) Is in phase with voltage
D) Is zero
Answer: B) Lags voltage by 90°

41. The power factor of a capacitive circuit is:

A) 0
B) 1
C) Leading
D) Lagging
Answer: C) Leading

42. The unit of energy consumed is:

A) Watt
B) Kilowatt
C) Kilowatt-hour
D) Volt-ampere
Answer: C) Kilowatt-hour

43. A closed path followed by current is called:

A) Network
B) Mesh
C) Circuit
D) Loop
Answer: C) Circuit

44. In DC circuits, the frequency is:

A) 0 Hz
B) 50 Hz
C) 60 Hz
D) Infinity
Answer: A) 0 Hz

45. A current source is represented by:

A) A circle with an arrow
B) A circle with a plus sign
C) A box with lines
D) A square
Answer: A) A circle with an arrow

46. In Thevenin’s theorem, the internal resistance is calculated by:

A) Removing all loads
B) Deactivating all independent sources
C) Connecting a voltmeter
D) Using KVL
Answer: B) Deactivating all independent sources

47. In nodal analysis, we apply KCL to determine:

A) Branch currents
B) Node voltages
C) Mesh currents
D) Power
Answer: B) Node voltages

48. The superposition theorem is not applicable for calculating:

A) Current
B) Voltage
C) Power
D) Resistance
Answer: C) Power

49. The voltage across an open circuit is:

A) 0V
B) Depends on resistance
C) Equal to applied voltage
D) Infinite
Answer: C) Equal to applied voltage

50. The reciprocal of capacitance is called:

A) Inductance
B) Reactance
C) Elastance
D) Resistance
Answer: C) Elastance
51. A passive element is one which:
A) Supplies energy
B) Consumes energy
C) Stores energy
D) Controls energy
Answer: B) Consumes energy

52. The unit of electric charge is:

A) Volt
B) Ampere
C) Coulomb
D) Ohm
Answer: C) Coulomb

53. If voltage increases and resistance is constant, current will:

A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Stay same
D) Become zero
Answer: A) Increase

54. Which law forms the basis of voltage division rule?

A) KCL
B) KVL
C) Ohm’s Law
D) Lenz’s Law
Answer: B) KVL

55. A resistor offers:

A) Opposition to voltage
B) Storage of charge
C) Opposition to current
D) Generation of energy
Answer: C) Opposition to current

56. In a parallel circuit, each branch gets:

A) Same current
B) Same voltage
C) Different resistance
D) No current
Answer: B) Same voltage

57. The direction of current flow in a conventional circuit is:

A) Electron to proton
B) Proton to electron
C) Negative to positive
D) Positive to negative
Answer: D) Positive to negative

58. Which of the following statements is true about capacitors in series?

A) Total capacitance increases
B) Voltage across each capacitor is same
C) Total capacitance decreases
D) Total voltage decreases
Answer: C) Total capacitance decreases

59. What is the resistance of a conductor if voltage = 12V and current = 3A?
A) 4Ω
B) 36Ω
C) 9Ω
D) 15Ω
Answer: A) 4Ω

60. In DC circuits, inductors behave as:

A) Short circuit
B) Open circuit
C) Source
D) Resistor
Answer: A) Short circuit

61. What is the current through a 10Ω resistor connected across 20V?
A) 2A
B) 0.5A
C) 10A
D) 5A
Answer: A) 2A

62. Which one is a bilateral element?

A) Diode
B) Transistor
C) Resistor
D) Thyristor
Answer: C) Resistor

63. Which quantity is the same in series connection of resistors?

A) Voltage
B) Power
C) Current
D) Resistance
Answer: C) Current

64. A network which contains no energy source is called:

A) Passive
B) Active
C) Linear
D) Non-linear
Answer: A) Passive

65. KCL is based on the law of conservation of:

A) Energy
B) Voltage
C) Power
D) Charge
Answer: D) Charge

66. The unit of electric potential is:

A) Ampere
B) Coulomb
C) Volt
D) Ohm
Answer: C) Volt

67. In an open circuit, current is:

A) Maximum
B) Zero
C) Infinite
D) Same as voltage
Answer: B) Zero
68. An ideal voltage source has:
A) Infinite resistance
B) Zero resistance
C) 1 Ohm resistance
D) Depends on load
Answer: B) Zero resistance

69. In mesh analysis, number of meshes in a circuit with 3 loops is:

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 0
Answer: C) 3

70. What is the equivalent resistance of 5Ω and 10Ω in series?

A) 5Ω
B) 15Ω
C) 10Ω
D) 2Ω
Answer: B) 15Ω

71. Which circuit element does not obey Ohm’s Law?

A) Linear resistor
B) Incandescent bulb
C) Wire
D) Fixed resistor
Answer: B) Incandescent bulb

72. The conductance of a 5Ω resistor is:

A) 5 S
B) 1 S
C) 0.2 S
D) 10 S
Answer: C) 0.2 S

73. If voltage is 100V and current is 10A, power is:

A) 1000W
B) 10W
C) 110W
D) 90W
Answer: A) 1000W

74. What happens to total resistance when more resistors are added in
parallel?
A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Remains same
D) Becomes infinite
Answer: B) Decreases

75. Which law states that induced EMF opposes the cause producing it?
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Faraday’s Law
C) Lenz’s Law
D) Kirchhoff’s Law
Answer: C) Lenz’s Law

76. Voltage divider rule applies to:

A) Series circuits
B) Parallel circuits
C) AC circuits only
D) Power circuits only
Answer: A) Series circuits

77. The sum of voltage drops in a mesh is:

A) Zero
B) Equal to applied voltage
C) Infinite
D) Maximum
Answer: B) Equal to applied voltage

78. Norton’s and Thevenin’s theorems are valid only for:

A) Linear circuits
B) Non-linear circuits
C) Magnetic circuits
D) Capacitive circuits
Answer: A) Linear circuits

79. In a resistive network, power loss occurs in the form of:

A) Magnetic energy
B) Light energy
C) Heat energy
D) Electrical energy
Answer: C) Heat energy

80. Which of the following is an active component?

A) Resistor
B) Diode
C) Capacitor
D) Battery
Answer: D) Battery

81. If 3A current flows through a 2Ω resistor, the voltage drop across it is:
A) 5V
B) 1.5V
C) 6V
D) 0.66V
Answer: C) 6V

82. The element which opposes the change in current is:

A) Resistor
B) Inductor
C) Capacitor
D) Transistor
Answer: B) Inductor

83. A node is defined as:

A) Point of no current
B) Junction of two or more elements
C) Point where only voltage exists
D) A resistor in series
Answer: B) Junction of two or more elements

84. Which theorem allows linear bilateral circuits to be simplified to a single

voltage source and series resistance?
A) Norton’s Theorem
B) Superposition Theorem
C) Thevenin’s Theorem
D) Maximum Power Transfer
Answer: C) Thevenin’s Theorem
85. Superposition theorem is applicable to:
A) Linear circuits only
B) Non-linear circuits only
C) Both linear and non-linear circuits
D) AC circuits only
Answer: A) Linear circuits only

86. The passive element among the following is:

A) Voltage Source
B) Current Source
C) Diode
D) Resistor
Answer: D) Resistor

87. In DC analysis, the capacitor acts as:

A) Open circuit
B) Short circuit
C) Battery
D) Oscillator
Answer: A) Open circuit

88. Kirchhoff’s Current Law is based on the law of conservation of:

A) Voltage
B) Power
C) Energy
D) Charge
Answer: D) Charge

89. Power absorbed by a 4Ω resistor carrying 3A current is:

A) 12W
B) 36W
C) 48W
D) 4W
Answer: B) 36W

90. In a purely capacitive circuit, the current:

A) Leads the voltage
B) Lags the voltage
C) Is in phase with voltage
D) Is zero
Answer: A) Leads the voltage

Q91: What does a negative sign indicate in mesh current direction?

A) Current flows with assumed direction
B) Voltage is increasing
C) Current flows opposite to the assumed direction
D) Mesh has no current
Answer: C) Current flows opposite to the assumed direction

92. Which of the following can store magnetic energy?

A) Capacitor
B) Battery
C) Inductor
D) Resistor
Answer: C) Inductor

93. If a 10V source supplies 2A current, power supplied is:

A) 5W
B) 20W
C) 12W
D) 0.2W
Answer: B) 20W

94. In a series circuit, current through each resistor is:

A) Zero
B) Different
C) Same
D) Half
Answer: C) Same

95. The reciprocal of resistance is called:

A) Reactance
B) Conductance
C) Capacitance
D) Impedance
Answer: B) Conductance

96. Which one of the following is not an active element?

A) Diode
B) Battery
C) Voltage source
D) Capacitor
Answer: D) Capacitor

97. The maximum power transfer occurs when load resistance is equal to:
A) Zero
B) Source voltage
C) Source resistance
D) Double of source resistance
Answer: C) Source resistance

98. A short circuit has a resistance of:

A) Infinite
B) Zero
C) 1 ohm
D) 10 ohm
Answer: B) Zero

99. The SI unit of inductance is:

A) Ohm
B) Farad
C) Henry
D) Volt
Answer: C) Henry

100. The number of independent KCL equations equals:

A) Number of branches
B) Number of nodes
C) (Number of nodes – 1)
D) Number of loops
Answer: C) (Number of nodes – 1)
 Two-Mark Objective Questions – Unit I: Basic Circuit Analysis

1. In a circuit, three resistors of 6 Ω, 3 Ω, and 2 Ω are connected in parallel.

What is the total equivalent resistance?
A) 11 Ω
B) 1 Ω
C) 5 Ω
D) 6 Ω
Answer: B) 1 Ω

2. Two resistors of 10 Ω and 20 Ω are connected in parallel. What is the current

through the 10 Ω resistor if total current from the source is 6 A?
A) 2 A
B) 3 A
C) 4 A
D) 1 A
Answer: C) 4 A

3. A voltage source of 24 V is applied across two resistors of 8 Ω and 4 Ω

connected in series. What is the voltage across the 4 Ω resistor?
A) 12 V
B) 8 V
C) 6 V
D) 16 V
Answer: C) 6 V

4. In a resistive network, Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) is based on which

principle?
A) Conservation of charge
B) Conservation of energy
C) Maximum power transfer
D) Conservation of voltage
Answer: A) Conservation of charge

5. For the circuit with three meshes and two voltage sources, the correct
number of independent KVL equations will be:
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Answer: C) 3

6. In star-delta transformation, the equivalent delta resistance between two

nodes is given by:
A) Product of two star resistances divided by sum of all star resistances
B) Sum of star resistances
C) Square of one star resistance
D) Difference of two star resistances
Answer: A) Product of two star resistances divided by sum of all star
resistances

7. A 12 V source is supplying current to a load. Using source transformation, it

is converted into:
A) 12 A current source with 1 Ω resistance
B) Voltage source in series with resistance
C) 12 V voltage source with no internal resistance
D) 2 A current source with 6 Ω in parallel
Answer: D) 2 A current source with 6 Ω in parallel
8. What is the node voltage at a node connected to a 10 V source and a 2 Ω
resistor to ground?
A) 5 V
B) 0 V
C) 10 V
D) 2 V
Answer: C) 10 V

9. For a delta network with resistors of 6 Ω, 9 Ω, and 3 Ω, the equivalent star

resistance between the node connecting 6 Ω and 9 Ω will be:
A) 1.5 Ω
B) 3 Ω
C) 2 Ω
D) 4 Ω
Answer: A) 1.5 Ω

10. What is the mesh current in a loop with a 12 V battery and two resistors 2 Ω
and 4 Ω?
A) 3 A
B) 2 A
C) 1.5 A
D) 2.4 A
Answer: B) 2 A

11. A current source of 5 A is in parallel with a 10 Ω resistor. What is the

Thevenin equivalent voltage across the terminals?
A) 50 V
B) 5 V
C) 10 V
D) 15 V
Answer: A) 50 V

12. In nodal analysis, how many node equations are needed for a circuit with 4
nodes (excluding reference)?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 2
D) 1
Answer: B) 3

13. A 100 Ω resistor is connected in parallel with a 200 Ω resistor. What is the
equivalent resistance?
A) 150 Ω
B) 66.67 Ω
C) 75 Ω
D) 50 Ω
Answer: B) 66.67 Ω

14. Which of the following conditions is necessary for source transformation?

A) Linearity of the circuit
B) Only AC circuits
C) Nonlinear sources only
D) Capacitive load
Answer: A) Linearity of the circuit

15. In a delta network with resistors of 3 Ω each, what is the equivalent star
resistance?
A) 1 Ω
B) 2 Ω
C) 3 Ω
D) 0.5 Ω
Answer: A) 1 Ω

16. If a voltage drop of 6 V occurs across a 2 Ω resistor, what is the power

dissipated?
A) 3 W
B) 6 W
C) 12 W
D) 18 W
Answer: C) 18 W
(P = V²/R = 36/2 = 18 W)

17. In a simple circuit, 2 A flows into a node and 3 A and 4 A flow out. What is
the value of unknown current flowing into the node?
A) 3 A
B) 5 A
C) 4 A
D) 2 A
Answer: B) 5 A
(Total in = Total out: x + 2 = 3 + 4 → x = 5 A)

18. What is the condition for maximum power transfer in resistive circuits?
A) Load resistance = 0
B) Load resistance = Source resistance
C) Load resistance > Source resistance
D) Load resistance < Source resistance
Answer: B) Load resistance = Source resistance

19. When 3 resistors of 5 Ω are connected in star, what is the equivalent delta
resistance between any two terminals?
A) 5 Ω
B) 10 Ω
C) 15 Ω
D) 7.5 Ω
Answer: D) 7.5 Ω
(Delta resistance = (Ra × Rb + Rb × Rc + Rc × Ra) / Rc = (5×5 + 5×5 +
5×5)/5 = 75/5 = 15 for each pair → Total = 7.5 Ω between two terminals)

20. In mesh analysis, if the loop contains only resistors and independent
voltage sources, what is the general form of the equation?
A) Sum of voltages = 0
B) Product of resistances = Sum of voltages
C) Sum of voltage drops = Voltage rises
D) Sum of currents = 0
Answer: C) Sum of voltage drops = Voltage rises

21. A resistor network has R₁ = 6 Ω and R₂ = 3 Ω in parallel. What is their equivalent

resistance?
A) 9 Ω
B) 2 Ω
C) 4 Ω
D) 1.5 Ω
Answer: B) 2 Ω

22. If a current of 5 A flows through a 10 Ω resistor for 4 seconds, the energy

dissipated is:
A) 500 J
B) 200 J
C) 1000 J
D) 800 J
Answer: D) 800 J

23. In a mesh analysis problem, the number of mesh equations required

equals:
A) Number of loops
B) Number of nodes
C) Number of branches
D) Number of meshes
Answer: D) Number of meshes

24. For a delta-to-star transformation, the star resistance between any two
terminals is:
A) Product of two delta resistors divided by sum of all three
B) Sum of delta resistors divided by 3
C) Total resistance divided by number of branches
D) Product of all delta resistors
Answer: A) Product of two delta resistors divided by sum of all three

25. The node voltage method is particularly efficient when:

A) Voltage sources are present
B) There are multiple current sources
C) The number of meshes is more than the number of nodes
D) Only one loop exists
Answer: C) The number of meshes is more than the number of nodes

26. Which transformation simplifies solving circuits with multiple voltage

sources and series resistors?
A) Delta to star
B) Norton to Thevenin
C) Source transformation
D) Star to delta
Answer: C) Source transformation

27. A 12 V battery supplies 3 A current to a load. What is the power delivered?

A) 4 W
B) 15 W
C) 36 W
D) 9 W
Answer: C) 36 W

28. Which of the following elements stores energy?

A) Resistor
B) Ideal voltage source
C) Capacitor
D) Switch
Answer: C) Capacitor

29. Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL) is based on:

A) Law of conservation of momentum
B) Law of conservation of energy
C) Law of conservation of charge
D) Ohm’s Law
Answer: C) Law of conservation of charge

30. A voltage source of 24 V is in series with a 6 Ω resistor. What is the current

through the resistor?
A) 2 A
B) 3 A
C) 4 A
D) 6 A
Answer: B) 4 A

31. If three resistors of 3 Ω each are connected in star, what is the equivalent
delta resistance between two terminals?
A) 3 Ω
B) 6 Ω
C) 9 Ω
D) 4.5 Ω
Answer: C) 9 Ω

32. In mesh analysis, which of the following cannot be directly used in a loop
equation?
A) Voltage source
B) Resistor
C) Current source
D) Dependent source
Answer: C) Current source

33. A voltage of 10 V is applied across two resistors in series: 2 Ω and 3 Ω.

Voltage drop across 3 Ω is:
A) 2 V
B) 5 V
C) 6 V
D) 3 V
Answer: B) 6 V

34. A current source of 5 A in parallel with a 10 Ω resistor is equivalent to:

A) A 50 V voltage source in series with 10 Ω
B) A 2 V voltage source in series with 10 Ω
C) A 5 V voltage source in parallel with 10 Ω
D) A 10 V voltage source in parallel with 10 Ω
Answer: A) A 50 V voltage source in series with 10 Ω

35. When two resistors of unequal value are in parallel, the current through the
larger resistance is:
A) Greater
B) Equal
C) Smaller
D) Zero
Answer: C) Smaller

36. Which analysis method is more suitable for circuits with multiple nodes and
fewer loops?
A) Mesh analysis
B) Loop analysis
C) Node analysis
D) Thevenin’s theorem
Answer: C) Node analysis

37. What is the total resistance of three resistors: 4 Ω, 6 Ω, and 12 Ω connected

in parallel?
A) 2 Ω
B) 3 Ω
C) 4 Ω
D) 5 Ω
Answer: B) 3 Ω

38. In a circuit, two resistors R₁ = 2 Ω and R₂ = 4 Ω are in parallel. What is the

voltage across each if total current is 6 A?
A) 4 V
B) 3 V
C) 6 V
D) Same voltage across both
Answer: D) Same voltage across both

39. What is the formula for mesh current in a simple loop with a single resistor
R and voltage source V?
A) V + IR = 0
B) V = IR
C) I = VR
D) V – I = R
Answer: B) V = IR

40. In star to delta conversion, each delta resistor is equal to:

A) Sum of two star resistors
B) Product of all star resistors
C) Sum of product of adjacent star resistors divided by opposite resistor
D) Product of all resistors
Answer: C) Sum of product of adjacent star resistors divided by opposite
resistor

41. In a closed loop, the algebraic sum of voltages equals zero. This principle is
based on:

A) Ohm’s Law
B) KVL
C) KCL
D) Norton's Theorem
Answer: B) KVL

42. Three resistors of 4 Ω, 6 Ω, and 12 Ω are connected in parallel. The

equivalent resistance is:

A) 2 Ω
B) 3 Ω
C) 4 Ω
D) 5 Ω
Answer: B) 3 Ω

43. A 10 V source supplies power to a 2 Ω and 3 Ω resistor connected in series.

The current flowing is:

A) 2 A
B) 1 A
C) 5 A
D) 10 A
Answer: B) 1 A

44. In a mesh with three resistors 10 Ω, 20 Ω, and 30 Ω in series and a 60 V

source, the mesh current is:

A) 1 A
B) 2 A
C) 3 A
D) 4 A
Answer: B) 2 A

45. In star to delta transformation, each delta resistor is given by:

A) Product of opposite star resistors divided by sum of star resistors
B) Sum of all resistors
C) Product of adjacent star resistors
D) None
Answer: A) Product of opposite star resistors divided by sum of star resistors

46. A voltage source in series with a resistance can be converted into:

A) A current source in series with a resistor

B) A current source in parallel with a resistor
C) A short circuit
D) An open circuit
Answer: B) A current source in parallel with a resistor

47. Two 10 Ω resistors are connected in parallel and the combination is

connected in series with a 5 Ω resistor. The total resistance is:

A) 10 Ω
B) 15 Ω
C) 5 Ω
D) 10.5 Ω
Answer: A) 10 Ω

48. In node analysis, the number of node equations needed is:

A) Equal to number of nodes

B) One less than number of nodes
C) Equal to number of meshes
D) Equal to number of loops
Answer: B) One less than number of nodes

49. In a circuit, two meshes share a 10 Ω resistor. The current in mesh 1 is I₁

and in mesh 2 is I₂. The voltage drop across the shared resistor is:

A) 10(I₁)
B) 10(I₂)
C) 10(I₁ - I₂)
D) 10(I₁ + I₂)
Answer: C) 10(I₁ - I₂)

50. If a star-connected resistor network has values 3 Ω, 6 Ω, and 9 Ω, then

equivalent delta resistances are:

A) All equal
B) Different
C) Zero
D) Infinite
Answer: B) Different

51. A node is a point where:

A) Two components are connected

B) Only one component is connected
C) Voltmeters are always connected
D) Current sources are placed
Answer: A) Two components are connected

52. A current source of 2 A is in parallel with a 4 Ω resistor. What is the

Thevenin equivalent voltage?
A) 8 V
B) 2 V
C) 4 V
D) 6 V
Answer: A) 8 V

53. A resistor R is connected between two nodes having voltages V1 = 12V and
V2 = 4V. What is the voltage across the resistor?

A) 4 V
B) 12 V
C) 8 V
D) 16 V
Answer: C) 8 V

54. If current entering a junction is 5 A and two outgoing currents are 2 A and
1 A, what is the third outgoing current?

A) 2 A
B) 4 A
C) 1 A
D) 3 A
Answer: A) 2 A

55. Two voltage sources of 10 V and 5 V are connected in series opposing. The
net voltage is:

A) 15 V
B) 5 V
C) 10 V
D) 0 V
Answer: B) 5 V

56. If a delta-connected resistive network has all 3 resistors equal to 6 Ω, the

equivalent star resistance is:

A) 2 Ω
B) 4 Ω
C) 3 Ω
D) 6 Ω
Answer: A) 2 Ω

57. In a series circuit, current is:

A) Same through all elements

B) Different in each element
C) Zero in middle resistor
D) Always increases
Answer: A) Same through all elements

58. A node with 3 branches carrying 3 A inward, 2 A outward, and x A inward,

satisfies KCL when x is:

A) 1 A
B) -1 A
C) 2 A
D) 3 A
Answer: A) 1 A
59. Mesh analysis is best applied to circuits that are:

A) Planar and have voltage sources

B) Non-planar circuits
C) Circuits with dependent sources only
D) Circuits with only resistors
Answer: A) Planar and have voltage sources

60. In a simple circuit of 12 V battery and 3 resistors of 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 6 Ω in series,

voltage drop across 4 Ω is:

A) 2 V
B) 4 V
C) 6 V
D) 3 V
Answer: B) 4 V

61. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, if the value of one resistor is changed,

the bridge becomes:
A) Open circuit
B) Short circuit
C) Unbalanced
D) Balanced
Answer: C) Unbalanced

62. In nodal analysis, the number of equations required is equal to:

A) Number of elements
B) Number of loops
C) Number of essential nodes minus one
D) Number of meshes
Answer: C) Number of essential nodes minus one

63. In a mesh analysis, the direction of mesh current is assumed to be:

A) Clockwise only
B) Anticlockwise only
C) Arbitrary
D) Same as branch current
Answer: C) Arbitrary

64. A 10 V voltage source in series with a 5 Ω resistor is equivalent to a current

source of:
A) 2 A in parallel with 5 Ω
B) 0.5 A in parallel with 5 Ω
C) 2 A in series with 5 Ω
D) 0.5 A in series with 5 Ω
Answer: B) 0.5 A in parallel with 5 Ω

65. In delta-star transformation, all star resistors are connected to:

A) One node only
B) Two nodes
C) Each branch of delta
D) None of the above
Answer: A) One node only

66. A 12 V battery is connected across a series combination of 2 Ω, 3 Ω, and 5 Ω.

The current flowing is:
A) 1 A
B) 2 A
C) 3 A
D) 4 A
Answer: A) 1 A

67. Kirchhoff’s Current Law is based on the law of conservation of:

A) Energy
B) Charge
C) Power
D) Voltage
Answer: B) Charge

68. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law is based on the conservation of:

A) Energy
B) Charge
C) Power
D) Mass
Answer: A) Energy

69. In a star connection, if all resistors are 10 Ω, the equivalent delta resistance
will be:
A) 10 Ω
B) 20 Ω
C) 30 Ω
D) 15 Ω
Answer: C) 30 Ω

70. A circuit contains four resistors in parallel: 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 8 Ω, and 16 Ω. The total

resistance is:
A) 1 Ω
B) 1.33 Ω
C) 2 Ω
D) 0.8 Ω
Answer: A) 1 Ω

71. The unit of conductance is:

A) Ohm
B) Mho or Siemens
C) Henry
D) Farad
Answer: B) Mho or Siemens

72. A circuit has two batteries of 10 V and 5 V connected in opposition with

internal resistances of 1 Ω and 2 Ω. The net EMF and net resistance are:
A) 5 V, 3 Ω
B) 15 V, 3 Ω
C) 5 V, 2 Ω
D) 5 V, 1.5 Ω
Answer: A) 5 V, 3 Ω

73. If two 5 Ω resistors are in parallel and connected in series with a 10 Ω

resistor, the equivalent resistance is:
A) 5 Ω
B) 12.5 Ω
C) 7.5 Ω
D) 10 Ω
Answer: C) 7.5 Ω

74. If a node is connected to three branches carrying 3 A in, 2 A out, and

unknown current III, then III is:
A) 1 A leaving
B) 1 A entering
C) 5 A entering
D) 5 A leaving
Answer: A) 1 A leaving

75. If three resistors of 6 Ω are connected in delta, the equivalent star resistors
will be:
A) 6 Ω
B) 2 Ω
C) 12 Ω
D) 18 Ω
Answer: B) 2 Ω

76. The open circuit voltage across a terminal is measured to be 10 V, and the
short circuit current is 2 A. The Thevenin resistance is:
A) 2 Ω
B) 5 Ω
C) 10 Ω
D) 20 Ω
Answer: B) 5 Ω

77. Mesh analysis is applicable to circuits that are:

A) Non-planar
B) Planar
C) Open loop
D) Ladder circuits only
Answer: B) Planar

78. Node voltage analysis is preferred when the circuit has more:
A) Nodes than loops
B) Loops than nodes
C) Voltage sources
D) Short circuits
Answer: A) Nodes than loops

79. Two resistors are in series. One is 4 Ω, the other is unknown. If the total is
10 Ω, the unknown is:
A) 4 Ω
B) 5 Ω
C) 6 Ω
D) 10 Ω
Answer: C) 6 Ω

80. If a 10 Ω and a 5 Ω resistor are connected in parallel, the current in 10 Ω

resistor is 2 A. The current in 5 Ω resistor is:
A) 4 A
B) 1 A
C) 2 A
D) 3 A
Answer: A) 4 A

81. In mesh analysis, how many equations are required for a network with 4 meshes?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Answer: D) 4
82. Which transformation simplifies a network with resistors connected between three
nodes?
A) Series-parallel combination
B) Delta to star
C) Open circuit analysis
D) Thevenin equivalent
Answer: B) Delta to star

83. What is the resistance seen between two terminals of a cube made of 12 resistors
(each 1Ω)?
A) 1.5Ω
B) 2Ω
C) 5Ω
D) 7Ω
Answer: A) 1.5Ω

84. If a circuit has both independent and dependent sources, which analysis method is
best?
A) Nodal
B) Mesh
C) Source transformation
D) KVL only
Answer: A) Nodal

85. A current of 2 A flows through a resistor when 10 V is applied. What is the power
dissipated?
A) 5 W
B) 10 W
C) 20 W
D) 40 W
Answer: C) 20 W

86. Which of the following is invalid for applying source transformation?

A) Resistor in series with voltage source
B) Resistor in parallel with current source
C) Ideal voltage source without resistance
D) Dependent source with resistance
Answer: C) Ideal voltage source without resistance

87. The sum of currents at a node in any network is zero. This is based on:
A) Ohm’s Law
B) KVL
C) KCL
D) Norton’s Theorem
Answer: C) KCL

88. A delta network has three 6 Ω resistors. The equivalent star resistors are:
A) 2 Ω each
B) 3 Ω each
C) 6 Ω each
D) 12 Ω each
Answer: A) 2 Ω each

89. Which parameter remains unchanged in source transformation?

A) Resistance
B) Power
C) Voltage
D) Load current
Answer: D) Load current
90. In a balanced star network, the line current and phase current are:
A) Equal
B) Line current is √3 times phase current
C) Line current is double the phase current
D) Opposite in phase
Answer: A) Equal

91. The equivalent resistance of a Wheatstone bridge with equal arms is:
A) R
B) 2R
C) R/2
D) R/4
Answer: C) R/2

92. A supernode is formed in nodal analysis when:

A) A voltage source is connected to ground
B) Two nodes are connected by a voltage source
C) A resistor is between two nodes
D) A current source exists between nodes
Answer: B) Two nodes are connected by a voltage source

93. A resistor is dissipating 36 W at 12 V. What is the current?

A) 2 A
B) 3 A
C) 6 A
D) 12 A
Answer: B) 3 A

94. The potential difference across a resistor is 0. The current through it must be:
A) Maximum
B) Zero
C) Infinite
D) Depends on load
Answer: B) Zero

95. When performing mesh analysis, the sum of voltage drops equals the source voltage
due to:
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Kirchhoff’s Current Law
C) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
D) Power Law
Answer: C) Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

96. In a circuit, if 10 A enters a node and two 4 A currents leave it, the remaining
current is:
A) 2 A leaving
B) 2 A entering
C) 18 A leaving
D) Zero
Answer: A) 2 A leaving

97. For maximum power transfer, the load resistance must equal:
A) Half the source resistance
B) Zero
C) Thevenin resistance
D) Double the source resistance
Answer: C) Thevenin resistance
98. What is the equivalent resistance of three 3 Ω resistors in delta?
A) 1 Ω
B) 2 Ω
C) 3 Ω
D) 4.5 Ω
Answer: D) 4.5 Ω

99. In nodal analysis, voltage sources between two non-reference nodes are handled by:
A) Ignoring them
B) Adding a supernode
C) Using KVL
D) Applying source transformation
Answer: B) Adding a supernode

100. In a circuit with only resistors and DC sources, the total power supplied equals:
A) Total resistance
B) Sum of all voltages
C) Total power consumed
D) Zero
Answer: C) Total power consumed