SAT阅读高频必背黄金单词

@洗洗SAT备考 更多资料课程 ＋v：sat6000

pound vt.& vi.连续重击
英文释义 strike or hit heavily and repeatedly
例句 =
Pounding on the door, she shouted at the top of her voice.

q =
p
unseemly adj.（行为，举止）不得体的
英文释义 (of behaviour or actions) not proper or appropriate
例句 He spent unseemly amounts of money on himself.
q
prepostero adj.荒谬的 p
= =
英文释义 contrary to reason or common sense; utterly absurd or ridiculous
=
例句
=
It was a preposterous idea, and no one took it seriously.

= =
imposition
= = n.强求；负担

= =
英文释义 an unfair or resented demand or burden

==
例句 Your kids can stay with me the night you're away—it's really not an imposition.

=
=
frantic adj.（因恐惧、焦虑等而）发狂似的

q
英文释义 wild or distraught with fear, anxiety, or other emotion
q
例句
p
She was frantic with worry.
p
===
dread vt.畏惧

例句
=
英文释义 anticipate with great apprehension or fear
Jane was dreading the party.

objective
== =
adj.客观存在的； n.目标

== =
英文释义 1. not dependent on the mind for existence; actual
例句 1. Our reveries are significantly and repeatedly shaped by our transactions with

equate vt.视…等同于 =
q
英文释义 consider (one thing) to be the same as or equivalent to another

= q
例句
p
Some parents equate education with exam success.
p
calibrate
=
vt.精确地测量

===
英文释义 to measure precisely

=
例句 She carefully calibrated the dosage of a medicine.

mount vt.登上

例句
=
英文释义 climb up (stairs, a hill, or other rising surface)
He mounted the stairs.

ascend vt.& vi.登上，攀登

英文释义 go up or climb
例句 She ascended the stairs.
convene vt.& vi.（召集）开会
英文释义 to bring together a group of people for a meeting, or to meet for a meeting
例句 The prime minister convened (a meeting of) his cabinet to discuss the matter.

prospect vi.勘探；n.可能性；前景，展望
英文释义 1. search for mineral deposits in a place, especially by means of experimental
例句 1. The company is also prospecting for gold.

spring up 突然出现，迅速成长
英文释义 to grow or appear suddenly
例句 =
New towns are springing up to house the increasing population.
q
extract
p
vt.提取，提炼

q
英文释义 obtain (a substance or resource) from something by a special method

=
例句 Lead was extracted from the copper.
p
=
asteroid n.小行星

= =
英文释义 a small rocky body orbiting the sun
例句
==
Asteroids,also known as “minor planets”,are numerous in the outer space.

=
=
celestial adj.天空的，外太空的

=
例句=
英文释义 positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy
The moon is a celestial body.

= =
=
mortify vt.（常作 be mortified）使受辱，使羞愧，使窘迫
q
q
英文释义 cause (someone) to feel embarrassed, ashamed, or humiliated
p
例句
p
She was mortified to see her wrinkles in the mirror.

prowl vt.（人或动物为觅食而）潜行，搜寻
== =
== =
英文释义 (of a person or animal) move about (a place) in search of or as if in search of
例句
=
Black bears prowl the canyons.

slumber
== =
vi.沉睡；不活动

例句
=
英文释义 sleep, to lie dormant or latent
Sleeping Beauty slumbered in her forest castle.

grudge vt.嫉恨，妒忌（某人）做成（某事）
=
= q
英文释义 to dislike or feel angry toward (someone) for something q
例句 p
I don't grudge her the opportunities she has been given. p
malice =
n.恶意；怨恨

= =
英文释义 the intention or desire to do evil; ill will
= =
例句
=
I bear no malice towards anybody.

dreary
==
adj.沉闷枯燥的；阴郁无生气的；令人沮丧的
英文释义 dull, bleak, and lifeless; depressing
例句
=
I hate the dreary round of working, eating, and trying to sleep.

=
embrace vt.欣然接受（或支持）（某种信仰，理论，改变）
英文释义 accept or support (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically
例句 Much of the population quickly embraced Islam.
 adept adj.熟练的，擅长的
英文释义 very skilled or proficient at something
例句 He was adept at (using) computers.

undulate vi.波动；起伏
英文释义 move with a smooth wave-like motion
例句 Her body undulated to the thumping rhythm of the music.

ornate adj.装饰复杂华丽的
=
英文释义 made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns
例句 q
She doesn't like ornate jewelry.
=
p
q
===
stern adj.（人或其态度）严厉的，认真的，保持权威的

例句 A smile transformed his stern face. p

英文释义 (of a person or their manner) serious and unrelenting, especially in the

=
exalt vt.颂扬，高度赞美

=
= =
英文释义 to praise (someone or something) highly
例句
==
The essay exalts the simple beauty of the country.

==
check vt.制止；控制

=
英文释义 stop or slow down the progress of (something undesirable)
例句 Efforts were made to check the disease.
=
q q
p
shed vt.流（眼泪、血）；蜕（皮、毛）；掉叶子

= p
英文释义 to produce tears, light, blood, etc.
例句 1. She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding.
=
replicate vt.复制

= = ==
英文释义 make an exact copy of; reproduce
=
==
例句 It might be impractical to replicate Eastern culture in the west.

circulate vt.& vi.（使）循环流通

英文释义 move or cause to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
例句
= =
The fan circulates hot air around the oven.
=
q
= pq
ample adj.丰富的
英文释义 enough or more than enough; plentiful
例句 There is ample time for discussion.
p

==
exponent n.倡导者，拥护者
= ==
英文释义 a person who believes in and tries to explain and persuade people of the truth
例句
==
a person who believes in and tries to explain and persuade people of the truth

exponentia adj.越来越快的，呈几何数（增长）的

例句 =
英文释义 very fast : increasingly rapid
There has been an exponential increase in the world population this century.

besiege vt.围攻（某地）；包围
英文释义 surround (a place) with armed forces in order to capture it or force its surrender
 例句 The town had been besieged for two months but still resisted the aggressors.

imposing adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，仪表堂堂的
英文释义 grand and impressive in appearance
例句 He's an imposing man with a powerful voice.

animate vt.使有活力，生动
英文释义 to make (someone or something) lively or excited
例句 A smile animated [=brightened] his face.

perch vi.飞落，栖息；n.栖息处；高座，高处
=
q
英文释义 1. (of a bird) alight or rest on something
=
例句 p
1. A herring gull perched on the rails for most of the crossing.

q
===
insecticide n.杀虫剂
英文释义 a substance used for killing insects p
例句
=
Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.

intermitte
== ==
adj.间歇的，断断续续的

= ===
英文释义 occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady
例句
== Although she made intermittent movie appearances, she was essentially a stage

=
inherent adj.内在的，固有的，本性的

=
英文释义 existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute
=
=
例句 Any form of mountaineering has its inherent dangers.
q q
=
compromi
p vt.危及；妥协 p
===
英文释义 1. to bring sb/sth/yourself into danger or under suspicion, especially by acting
例句 = 1. Defeat at this stage would compromise their chances (= reduce their chances)

=
dubious
= ==
adj.不可靠的，可疑的
=
= =
英文释义 not to be relied upon
=
例句
=
These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.

yearn vi.怀念，渴望

= =
英文释义 have an intense feeling of loss or lack and longing for something
=
q
例句 They yearned to go home.
q
litter p
vt.（一般作be littered with）（文章）充斥着（不良事物）；n.一窝（小动物） p
=
英文释义 1. fill (a text, history, etc.) with examples of something unpleasant
例句 1. The book is littered with errors

brood = =
n.一窝雏鸟

= =
==
英文释义 a group of young birds all born at the same time
例句 The blackbird flew back and forth to its brood.

disdain
=vt.鄙视，蔑视；因鄙视而拒绝某物或拒绝做某事
英文释义 1. consider to be unworthy of one's consideration

=
例句 1. The older musicians disdain the new, rock-influenced music.

demograp adj.人口结构的；人口统计的
英文释义 relating to the structure of populations
例句 The demographic trend is towards an older population.

recession n.经济衰退（期）
英文释义 a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial
例句 Many people lost their jobs during the recent recession.

bust n.经济萧条（不景气）时期
英文释义 a period of economic difficulty or depression
例句 The boom was followed by the present bust.

proxy n.代理人
英文释义 a person who is given the power or authority to do something (such as to vote)
例句 Since I wouldn't be available to vote, I nominated him to act as my proxy.

genome n.（生）基因组，染色体组
英文释义 the complete set of genetic material of a human, animal, plant, or other living
例句 However, genome duplication alone is insufficient to develop complex

envision vt.想像；展望
英文释义 imagine as a future possibility; visualize
例句 She envisioned the admiring glances of guests seeing her home.

deliver vt.解救，释放，使自由
英文释义 save, rescue, or set someone or something free from
例句 He delivered us from the nightmare of junk paper.

versatile adj.多功能的，多才多艺的
英文释义 able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities
例句 He was versatile enough to play on either wing.

solicit vt.请求，乞求
英文释义 to ask someone for money, information, or help
例句 It is illegal for public officials to solicit gifts or money in exchange for favours.

be littered 布满，到处都是
英文释义 A place, document, or other object that is littered with something has or
例句 The newspaper has a reputation for being littered with spelling mistakes.

jam n.窘境，困境
英文释义 an awkward situation or predicament
例句 I'm in a jam - could you lend me some money till next week?

thwart vt.反对；阻挠；挫败
英文释义 to stop something from happening or someone from doing something
例句 Our holiday plans were thwarted by the airline pilots' strike.

bequeath vt.将个人财产遗赠给
英文释义 leave (a personal estate or one's body) to a person or other beneficiary by a will
例句 Picasso bequeathed most of his paintings and sculptures to Spain and France.
conceited adj.自负的，自高自大的，骄傲自满的
英文释义 excessively proud of oneself; vain
例句 Without wishing to sound conceited, I am the best salesperson in the company.

penal adj.（与）刑罚（有关）的
英文释义 of or relating to punishment given by law
例句 He had been in and out of penal institutions (= prison) from the age of 16.

sham vi.& vt.假装

英文释义 to pretend
例句 He isn't really upset—he's just shamming.

augment vt.提高，增大，加强
英文释义 to increase the value, amount, effectiveness etc of something
例句 He would have to find work to augment his income.

endorseme n.背书，赞同，认可
英文释义 the act of saying that you approve of or support something or someone
例句 The campaign hasn't received any political endorsements.

preside vi.主持（会议或仪式）
英文释义 to be in charge of a formal meeting, ceremony, or trial
例句 Who would be the best person to preside at/over the public enquiry?

pervade vt.（特性或气味）渗透，弥漫，充满
英文释义 When qualities, characteristics, or smells pervade a place or thing, they spread
例句 The film movie is a reflection of the violence that pervades our culture.

entreat vt.恳求，乞求，请求
英文释义 to try very hard to persuade someone to do something
例句 We would spend every meal time entreating the child to eat her vegetables.

coerce vt.强迫，胁迫
英文释义 to persuade someone forcefully to do something that they are unwilling to do
例句 The court heard that the six defendants had been coerced into making a

aggregate n. 总数，合计
英文释义 something formed by adding together several amounts or things
例句 Arsenal lost the second game, but got through to the final on aggregate (=

smudge vt.（通过抹、擦）弄脏，涂污
英文释义 cause (something) to become messily smeared by rubbing it
例句 She dabbed her eyes, careful not to smudge her make-up.

superior adj.更好的，比…更优的
英文释义 better than average or better than other people or things of the same type
例句 For babies, breastfeeding is superior to bottle-feeding.

take issue 对…持强烈异议，很不赞同

英文释义 to disagree strongly
例句 I took issue with him over his interpretation of the instructions.
 revenue n.（尤指公司或组织数额庞大的）收入，收益
英文释义 income, especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial
例句 Taxes provide most of the government's revenue.

suffice vi.足够
英文释义 be enough or adequate
例句 Two examples should suffice to prove the contention.

gauge vt.判断，猜测
英文释义 form a judgement or estimate of (a situation, mood, etc.)
例句 She is unable to gauge his mood.

disseminat vt.散布，传播（某物，尤指信息）
英文释义 spread or disperse (something, especially information) widely
例句 The purpose of a university press is to disseminate knowledge by publishing

supremac n.至高无上，最高地位
英文释义 the state or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or
例句 By the end of the war, the prince had established total supremacy over all his

deter vt.恐吓；阻止
英文释义 1. discourage (someone) from doing something, typically by instilling doubt or
例句 1. Some potential buyers will be deterred by the price.

deteriorate vi.不断恶化
英文释义 become progressively worse
例句 She was taken into hospital last week when her condition suddenly

laden adj.装满的，有负载的
英文释义 heavily loaded or weighed down
例句 He always comes back from France laden with presents for everyone.

benchmar vt.（根据某种标准）评估，衡量，检测
英文释义 evaluate or check (something) by comparison with a standard
例句 We are benchmarking our performance against external criteria.

posterity n.后代
英文释义 all future generations of people
例句 The victims' names are recorded for posterity.

pledge vi.承诺（做某事）
英文释义 solemnly undertake to do something
例句 They pledged to continue the campaign for funding.

trample vi.不顾，忽略，藐视（权益）
英文释义 to act without any respect for someone or something
例句 She accused the government of trampling on the needs and rights of the

concede vt.（不情愿地）承认（或同意）…为事实（或正确）
英文释义 admit or agree that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it
 例句 That principle now seems to have been conceded.

articulate adj.能表达清楚的，善于表达的
英文释义 express (an idea or feeling) fluently and coherently
例句 They were unable to articulate their emotions.

warrant vt.证明（某个行动过程）正当（或必要）
英文释义 justify or necessitate (a certain course of action)
例句 There is not enough new evidence to warrant a reference to the Court of Appeal.

drastic adj.猛烈的，激烈的；激进的，极端的
英文释义 likely to have a strong or far-reaching effect; radical and extreme
例句 Many employees have had to take drastic cuts in pay.

mundane adj.世俗的，平凡的
英文释义 very ordinary and therefore not interesting
例句 Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest

enumerate vt.列举，枚举
英文释义 mention (a number of things) one by one
例句 There is not space to enumerate all his works.

prodigious adj.（范围，规模，程度）巨大的，庞大的
英文释义 remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree
例句 He had a prodigious appetite for both women and drink.

irritate vt.使不悦，使不耐烦，激怒
英文释义 make (someone) annoyed, impatient, or angry
例句 It's his arrogance that really irritates me.

hybrid n.（两种不同的东西的）混合
英文释义 something that is a mixture of two very different things
例句 His work is an interesting hybrid of popular and classical music.

savant n.博学的人，杰出的科学家
英文释义 learned person, especially a distinguished scientist
例句

gratify vt.使高兴，满足欲望
英文释义 to please someone, or to satisfy a wish or need
例句 He was gratified to see how well his students had done.

myriad n. 无数，极大数量
英文释义 a countless or extremely great number
例句 Myriads of insects danced around the light above my head.

simulate vt.模仿
英文释义 imitate the appearance or character of
例句 Red ochre was used to simulate blood.

tap vt.开发，利用
 英文释义 to get or make use of something
例句 For more than a century, Eastern cities have expanded their water supplies by

robust adj.（人或动物）强壮的；（东西或系统）坚固耐用的，结实的
英文释义 (of a person or animal) strong and healthy, or (of an object or system) strong
例句 The formerly robust economy has begun to weaken.

hierarchy n.分等级的组织
英文释义 a system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance
例句 He rose quickly through the political hierarchy to become party leader.

obedient adj.顺从的，服从的
英文释义 complying or willing to comply with orders or requests; submissive to another's
例句 She was totally obedient to him.

deficiency n.缺乏，不足
英文释义 a lack or shortage
例句 During the war children suffered from a deficiency of food.

tranquil adj.平静的，镇静的
英文释义 free from disturbance; calm
例句 She stared at the tranquil surface of the water.

glow vi.（喜悦，满足）溢于言表，得意
英文释义 feel deep pleasure or satisfaction and convey it through one's expression and
例句 Katy always glowed when he praised her.

heave vt.用力举起（或拉、拖）
英文释义 lift or haul (a heavy thing) with great effort
例句 She heaved the sofa back into place.

flourish vi.迅速发展；兴旺，成功
英文释义 develop rapidly and successfully
例句 The organization has continued to flourish

exhort vt.敦促，激励，勉励，规劝
英文释义 strongly encourage or urge (someone) to do something
例句 The media have been exhorting people to turn out for the demonstration.

antagonist adj.有对立情绪的，对抗的
英文释义 showing or feeling active opposition or hostility towards someone or something
例句 He was antagonistic to the government's reforms.

diffuse vt.& vi.（使）散播；传播

英文释义 spread or cause to spread over a wide area or between a large number of people
例句 The problem is how to diffuse power without creating anarchy.

nuance n.（意义、表情或声音的）细微差别；微妙的变化
英文释义 a subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound
例句 Nuances of flavor and fragrance cannot be described accurately.
 with 关于
英文释义 with reference to : in relation to: concerning
例句 With respect to your other proposals, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.

flock vi.聚集成群，蜂拥
英文释义 congregate or mass in a flock or large group
例句 Young men flocked about her.

manifestat n.表明（尤指理论或抽象概念）
英文释义 an event, action, or object that clearly shows or embodies something, especially
例句 These are the first obvious manifestations of global warming.

proliferate vt.& vi.（使）激增

英文释义 （make）to increase rapidly in numbers; multiply
例句 Science-fiction magazines proliferated in the 1920s.

fluctuate vi.（数量）不规则波动，起伏
英文释义 rise and fall irregularly in number or amount
例句 Trade with other countries tends to fluctuate from year to year.

vibrant adj.充满活力的，活跃的
英文释义 full of energy and enthusiasm
例句 The hope is that this area will develop into a vibrant commercial centre.

baffle vt.使困惑
英文释义 totally bewilder or perplex
例句 The unexplained occurrence baffled everyone.

laborious adj.（尤指任务、过程或旅行）费时费力的
英文释义 (especially of a task, process, or journey) requiring considerable effort and time
例句 The work is very slow and laborious.

flee vt.逃离（某地点）
英文释义 run away from (someone or something)
例句 All remaining doubt that he was a guerilla began to flee my mind.

entertain vt.抱有（想法）
英文释义 give attention or consideration to (an idea, suggestion, or feeling)
例句 Washington entertained little hope of an early improvement in relations.

dissolve vt.取消；终止；解除（合作或婚姻关系等）
英文释义 annul or put an end to (a partnership or marriage)
例句 Their marriage was dissolved in 1968.

sanction vt.同意，准许
英文释义 give official permission or approval for (an action)
例句 The council will consider whether to sanction the operation.

contend vt.声称，主张
英文释义 assert something as a position in an argument
例句 He contends that the judge was wrong.
 wipe out 杀死大量，消灭
英文释义 eliminate something completely
例句 The plague had wiped out whole villages.

spawn vt.大量生产
英文释义 produce or generate, especially in large numbers
例句 The decade spawned a bewildering variety of books on the forces.

demandin adj.（任务）难度大的，要求高的
英文释义 (of a task) requiring much skill or effort
例句 She has a busy and demanding job.

aloof adj.漠然的；冷淡的，疏远的
英文释义 conspicuously uninvolved and uninterested, typically through distaste; cool and
例句 1. He stayed aloof from the bickering.

oblivious adj.不注意的，未察觉到的，不关心的
英文释义 not aware of or not concerned about what is happening around one
例句 She became absorbed, oblivious to the passage of time.

engross vt.使全神贯注，使专心
英文释义 absorb all the attention or interest of
例句 What is it about Harry Potter that so engrosses children?

timid adj.胆怯的，羞怯的；易受惊的
英文释义 showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened
例句 My dog is a little timid—especially around other dogs.

indigenous adj.本土的，土生土长的；生来的，固有的
英文释义 originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native
例句 This plant is indigenous to southern Europe.

affluent adj.（尤指团体或地区）有钱的，富裕的
英文释义 (especially of a group or area) having a great deal of money; wealthy
例句 We live in an affluent neighborhood.

vulgar adj.粗俗的，庸俗的
英文释义 lacking sophistication or good taste; unrefined
例句

vanish vi.消失
英文释义 disappear suddenly and completely
例句 He vanished without trace.

reconcile vt.（常作be reconciled）使……和解

英文释义 restore friendly relations between
例句 She wanted to be reconciled with her father.

allure vt.吸引，诱惑
英文释义 powerfully attract or charm; tempt
 例句 I had been fool enough to allow myself to be so quickly allured by her charms.

pamphlet n.小册子
英文释义 a small booklet or leaflet containing information or arguments about a single
例句

cement vt.加强，加固
英文释义 to make (something) stronger
例句 The many hours they spent working together helped to cement their

extrapolat vt.将（基于统计的方法或结论）类推（或外推）
英文释义 extend the application of (a method or conclusion, especially one based on
例句 The results cannot be extrapolated to other patient groups.

notch n.（物体边缘或表面上的）槽口，凹痕，切口
英文释义 an indentation or incision on an edge or surface
例句 The Indians cut notches on a stick to keep count of numbers.

end up 最后处于，最后成为，以…告终
英文释义 to finally be in a particular place or situation
例句 She'll end up penniless if she continues to spend like that.

bizarre adj.怪诞的，罕见的，异乎寻常的
英文释义 very strange or unusual, especially so as to cause interest or amusement
例句 Many costumes are bizarre works of art ranging from toothbrushes to

proclaim vt.清楚地显示，表明
英文释义 demonstrate or indicate clearly
例句 He had a rolling gait that proclaimed him a man of the sea.

dismiss vt.不屑理会，考虑
英文释义 treat as unworthy of serious consideration
例句 I think he'd dismissed me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me.

wield v.拥有权力，具有影响力；挥，操，使用（武器、工具等）
英文释义 to have a lot of influence or power over other people;
例句 1. He still wields enormous influence in politics.

contain vt.控制，遏制，制止（有害物蔓延）
英文释义 to keep something harmful within limits and not allow it to spread
例句 Farms in the area have been closed off in an attempt to contain the disease.

reckon vt.认为；把…看作
英文释义 to consider or have the opinion that something is as stated
例句 I don't reckon much of their chances of winning (= I do not think they will win).

impenetra adj.费解的，无法理解的
英文释义 impossible to understand
例句 Some of the lyrics on their latest album are completely impenetrable.

divine vt.猜，猜测，估计；adj.天赐的，上帝的，神的
 英文释义 1. to guess something
例句 1. I divined from his grim expression that the news was not good.

shuffle vt.把…搬来搬去；把…移来移去
英文释义 to move similar things from one position or place to another, often to give an
例句 Many prisoners have to be shuffled around police stations because of prison

awe n.敬畏；惊奇，惊叹
英文释义 a feeling of great respect sometimes mixed with fear or surprise
例句 You can't help but stand in awe of (= respect greatly and fear slightly) powerful

ritual n.例行公事，老规矩；（尤指）仪式
英文释义 a set of fixed actions and sometimes words performed regularly, especially as
例句 Coffee and the newspaper are part of my morning ritual.

paucity n.缺乏
英文释义 the fact that there is too little of something
例句 There is a paucity of information on the ingredients of many cosmetics.

telltale adj.泄露秘密的，暴露内情的，能说明问题的
英文释义 revealing, indicating, or betraying something
例句 She found lipstick on his shirts - the telltale sign that he was having an affair.

melanchol adj.忧愁的，忧郁的；沮丧的
英文释义 sad, gloomy, or depressed
例句 The dog has a melancholy expression.

occur to 被某人想到
英文释义 If a thought or idea occurs to you, it comes into your mind
例句 Does it ever occur to you that I might want to be on my own sometimes?

retreat vi.（尤指因受到批评）退缩；让步
英文释义 change one's decisions, plans, or attitude, especially as a result of criticism
例句 His proposals were clearly unreasonable and he was soon forced to retreat

strike vt.给…以特别的印象
英文释义 cause (someone) to have a particular impression
例句 The idea struck her as odd.

gloomy adj.感到沮丧或悲观的
英文释义 feeling distressed or pessimistic
例句 I am by no means gloomy about the prospects for British industry.

readily adv.毫不犹豫地，毫不勉强地；乐意地，欣然地
英文释义 without hesitation or reluctance; willingly
例句 He readily admits that the new car surpasses its predecessors.

customary adj.依照习惯的，照常的
英文释义 according to a person's habitual practice
例句 I put the kettle on for our customary cup of coffee.
outcompet vt.（在竞争中）胜出
英文释义 surpass (someone) in competition
例句 They were outcompeted by their foreign rivals.

in line 与……相近、一致
英文释义 similar to
例句 We try to keep our prices in line with our competitors.

configurati n.构造，配置，布局
英文释义 an arrangement of parts or elements in a particular form, figure, or combination
例句 The broad configuration of the economy remains capitalist.

charismati adj.有迷人魅力的
英文释义 exercising a compelling charm which inspires devotion in others
例句 He's so charismatic ; he's got such a great sense of humor.

accelerate vt.& vi.（使）加快，促进，（促使）早日发生

英文释义 to happen or make something happen sooner or faster
例句 Inflation is likely to accelerate this year, adding further upward pressure on

mischief n.损害，伤害，麻烦
英文释义 harm or trouble caused by someone or something
例句 She was bent on making mischief.

diligence n.勤奋
英文释义 the quality of working carefully and with a lot of effort
例句 She hoped that her diligence would be noticed at work.

rally vi.召集，集合
英文释义 to come together or bring people together in order to help or support sb/sth
例句 The cabinet rallied behind the Prime Minister.

precedent n.先前出现的事例，前例，先例
英文释义 a similar action or event that happened earlier
例句 There is no precedent for a disaster of this scale.

cause n.（支持或为之奋斗的）事业，目标，思想
英文释义 an organization or idea that people support or fight for
例句 Animal welfare campaigners raised ￡70 000 for their cause last year.

complacen adj.自满的，自鸣得意的
英文释义 too satisfied with yourself or with a situation, so that you do not feel that any
例句 We must not become complacent about progress.

daring adj.大胆的，敢于冒险的
英文释义 brave; willing to do dangerous or unusual things; involving danger or taking
例句 The gallery was known for putting on daring exhibitions.

legitimate adj.正当合理的，合情合理的
英文释义 for which there is a fair and acceptable reason
例句 Politicians are legitimate targets for satire.
bountiful adj. 大量的，巨大的
英文释义 in large quantities; large
例句 State aid is less bountiful than it was before.

benevolent adj.（尤指当权者）慈善的，仁慈的
英文释义 (especially of people in authority) kind, helpful and generous
例句 The company has proved to be a most benevolent employer.

confine vt.限制，限定
英文释义 to keep sb/sth inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc.
例句 The work will not be confined to the Glasgow area.

ascribe vt.把…归因于，认为…是由于
英文释义 to consider that sth is caused by a particular thing or person
例句 He ascribed his failure to bad luck.

inverse 负相关，反相关
英文释义 a correlation in which large values of one variable are associated with small
例句

null adj. 零值的，等于零的

英文释义 having the value zero
例句 A spokeswoman said the agreement had been declared null and void.

rebuttal n.反驳
英文释义 a statement that says that something is not true
例句 She issued a point-by-point rebuttal of the company's accusations.

roam vt. & vi.漫游

英文释义 to move about or travel, especially without a clear idea of what you are going to
例句 After the bars close, gangs of youths roam the city streets.

eject vt.（用武力）驱逐，逐出，赶出
英文释义 to force someone to leave a particular place
例句 A number of fans had been ejected from the bar for causing trouble.

dim adj.光线暗的，暗淡的，昏暗的
英文释义 not giving or having much light
例句 We could see a dim (= not easily seen) shape in the fog.

propositio n.主张，观点，见解
英文释义 an idea or opinion
例句 They were debating the proposition that "All people are created equal".

cripple vt.严重损坏，使瘫痪
英文释义 cause a severe and almost insuperable problem for
例句 Developing countries are crippled by their debts.

trial and 反复试验、试错法

英文释义 a way of achieving an aim or solving a problem by trying a number of different
 例句 There's no instant way of finding a cure - it's just a process of trial and error.

generalizat n.通过归纳得出的普遍、笼统的观点
英文释义 a written or spoken statement in which you say or write that something is true
例句 The report is full of errors and sweeping/broad generalizations.

dawn n. 开端，曙光，萌芽
英文释义 the beginning or first signs of sth
例句 Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history.

fauna n.（某地区或某时期的）动物群
英文释义 all the animals living in an area or in a particular period of history
例句

flora n.（某地区、环境或时期的）植物群
英文释义 the plants of a particular area, type of environment or period of time
例句 We have to protect the local flora and fauna.

appreciate vt.理解，意识到，领会
英文释义 to understand that sth is true
例句 What I failed to appreciate was the distance between the two cities.

at one's 任某人处理，供某人任意使用，由某人自行支配
英文释义 available for use as you prefer/sb prefers
例句 He will have a car at his disposal for the whole month.

mythic adj.著名的，神话般的
英文释义 (also mythical) that has become very famous, like sb/sth in a myth
例句 Scott of the Antarctic was a national hero of mythic proportions.

hound vt.追踪，追逐，纠缠
英文释义 to keep following sb and not leave them alone, especially in order to get sth from
例句 They were hounded day and night by the press.

mock vt.不尊重，蔑视
英文释义 (formal) to show no respect for sth
例句 The new exam mocked the needs of the majority of children.

deity n.神
英文释义 a god or goddess
例句 Ares and Aphrodite were the ancient Greek deities of war and love.

offspring n.产物，结果，后代
英文释义 the product or result of something
例句 German nationalism was the offspring of military ambition.

whopping adj.极大的
英文释义 extremely large
例句 She had a whopping great bruise on her arm.

steer vt.引导，带领
 英文释义 to take someone or something or make someone or something go in the
例句 I'd like to steer our discussion back to our original topic.

vicinity n.邻近地区，附近
英文释义 the area around a place or where the speaker is
例句 There are several hotels in the immediate vicinity of the station.

succumb vi.屈从，屈服
英文释义 to lose the determination to oppose something; to accept defeat
例句 I felt sure it would only be a matter of time before he succumbed to my charms.

militia n.（有别于职业军队的）民兵部队
英文释义 a military force whose members are trained soldiers but who often have other
例句 A UN force was sent in to stop fighting between three rival militias.

decent adj.过得去的，合意的，舒适的，满意的
英文释义 of an acceptable standard; satisfactory
例句 Everyone should be entitled to a decent wage/standard of living.

folklore n.民间传说，民俗
英文释义 the traditional stories and culture of a group of people
例句 Her books are often based on folklore and fairy-tales.

downplay vt.对…轻描淡写，淡化，低估
英文释义 make (something) appear less important than it really is
例句 This report downplays the seriousness of global warming.

mutual adj.相互的，彼此的
英文释义 used to describe feelings that two or more people have for each other equally, or
例句

distraction n.分散注意力的事，使人分心的事
英文释义 a thing that takes your attention away from what you are doing or thinking
例句 I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions.

egg sb on 怂恿，鼓动，煽动
英文释义 to strongly encourage someone to do something that might not be a very good
例句 Don't egg him on! He gets himself into enough trouble without your

sporadic adj.偶尔发生的，间或出现的，阵发性的，断断续续的
英文释义 happening only occasionally or at intervals that are not regular
例句 More than 100 people have been killed this year in sporadic outbursts of ethnic

repudiate vt.拒绝，不接受
英文释义 to refuse to accept something or someone as true, good, or reasonable
例句 He repudiated the allegation/charge/claim that he had tried to deceive them.

strenuous adj.费劲的，费力的
英文释义 requiring or using great exertion
例句 The government made strenuous efforts to upgrade the quality of the teaching
prescribe vt.规定，命令，指示
英文释义 about a person or an organization with authority 当局 ) to say what should be
例句 The prescribed form must be completed and returned to this office.

garment n.衣服 (尤用于衣服生产和销售的领域)

英文释义 A garment is a piece of clothing; used especially in contexts where you are
例句 Many of the garments have the customers' name tags sewn into the linings.

account 解释
英文释义 to explain the reason for something or the cause of something
例句 Rural Americans are often older than those in other parts of America and that

hamper vt.阻碍，妨碍
英文释义 to prevent someone doing something easily
例句 Fierce storms have been hampering rescue efforts and there is now little chance

attest vt.& vi.表明，证明，证实

英文释义 to show something or to say or prove that something is true
例句 The number of old German cars still on the road attests (to) the excellence of

preserve vt.保护，维护
英文释义 to keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or
例句 I need to get out of the house from time to time just to preserve (= prevent me

revere vt.尊敬，崇敬
英文释义 to very much respect and admire someone or something
例句 Nelson Mandela is revered for his brave fight against apartheid.

quest n.探索，寻求，追求
英文释义 a long search for something that is difficult to find, or an attempt to achieve
例句 She does aerobics four times a week in her quest to achieve the perfect body.

laden adj.装满的，载满的
英文释义 carrying or holding a lot of something
例句 He always comes back from France laden with presents for everyone.

delegate vt.& vi.委派，委托，授权

英文释义 to give a particular job, duty, right, etc. to someone else so that they do it for
例句 As a boss you have to delegate (responsibilities to your staff).

hyperbolic adj.夸张的
英文释义 relating to a way of speaking or writing that makes someone or something
例句 It was not a hyperbolic expression to call it the worst storm in twenty years.

considerat adj.体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的
英文释义 careful not to cause inconvenience or hurt to others
例句 Motorists should be aware of cyclists and considerate towards them .

considerab adj. 相当大的，相当多的，相当重要的

英文释义 notably large in size, amount, or extent
例句 The fire caused considerable damage to the church.
 porous adj.（岩石或其他材料）有孔的，多孔的
英文释义 (of a rock or other material) having minute interstices through which liquid or
例句 He added sand to the soil to make it more porous.

capacity n.身份，角色，职位
英文释义 a specified role or position
例句 She was speaking in her capacity as a novelist, rather than as a television

overt adj.公开的，明显的
英文释义 done or shown openly; plainly or readily apparent, not secret or hidden
例句 He shows no overt signs of his unhappiness.

at odds 与...相抵触、不一致
英文释义 in disagreement
例句 His behavior is clearly at odds with what the college expects from its students.

depart 脱离，背离，偏离
英文释义 to be different from the usual or expected way of doing or thinking about
例句 At this point in the speech, the minister departed from his prepared text.

in 和……一起
英文释义 in combination with : together with
例句 The medicine is typically used in conjunction with other treatments.

glide vi.滑行，滑动，掠过
英文释义 to move smoothly and quietly, especially as though it takes no effort
例句 Swans went gliding past.

hibernate vi.冬眠，蛰伏
英文释义 to spend the winter in a state like deep sleep
例句 Dormice hibernate from October to May.

fungus n.真菌（复数形式为fungi）
英文释义 any plant without leaves, flowers or green colouring, usually growing on other
例句 A fungus is a plant that has no flowers, leaves, or green colouring, such as a

peninsula n.半岛
英文释义 a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of
例句 The Arab live on the Arabian Peninsula.

undertake vt.承担，从事
英文释义 to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it
例句 The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the

boost vt.改善，提高
英文释义 to improve or increase something
例句 I tried to boost his ego (= make him feel more confident) by praising his cooking.

painstakin adj.刻苦的，下苦功的
英文释义 done with or employing great care and thoroughness
 例句 It took months of painstaking research to write the book.

hinder vt.阻碍
英文释义 Their journey was hindered [=impeded, slowed] by snow and high winds.
例句 Their journey was hindered [=impeded, slowed] by snow and high winds.

suppleme vt.增补，补充
英文释义 add an extra element or amount to
例句 She took the job to supplement her husband's income.

feasible adj.可行的
英文释义 possible to do
例句 This plan for a new town library is not economically feasible. [=it costs too much

celebrated adj.著名的
英文释义 known and praised by many people
例句 He is one of today's most celebrated young writers.

avid adj.热心的，热衷的
英文释义 having or showing a keen interest in or enthusiasm for something
例句 She took an avid interest in the project.

vertical adj.竖直的
英文释义 at right angles to a horizontal plane
例句 She looked over the cliff and found she was standing at the edge of a vertical

horizontal adj.水平的
英文释义 parallel to the plane of the horizon
例句 Keep the patient horizontal with the feet slightly raised.

equivalent adj.（价值、数量、功能、意义等）等同的
英文释义 equal in value, amount, function, meaning, etc.
例句 Those less-known companies manufacture equivalent products at cheaper

resonate vi.充满，弥漫（某种特质）；vi.使产生联想，引起共鸣
英文释义 1. to be filled with a particular quality
例句 1. The building resonates with historic significance.

draw on 利用
英文释义 to use information or your knowledge of something to help you do something
例句 His novels draw heavily on his childhood.

inhospitab adj.难以居住的，条件恶劣的
英文释义 not suitable for humans to live in
例句 They had to trek for miles through inhospitable countryside.

burgeonin adj.迅速发展的
英文释义 developing quickly
例句 The company hoped to profit from the burgeoning communications industry.

fuse vt.& vi.（使）熔合，结合

英文释义 to join or become combined
例句 Genes determine how we develop from the moment the sperm fuses with the

infuse vt.注入，使充满
英文释义 to fill someone or something with an emotion or quality
例句 The pulling down of the Berlin Wall infused the world with optimism.

resilient adj.有弹性的，有复原力的，适应性强的
英文释义 able to quickly return to a previous good condition
例句 She's a resilient girl - she won't be unhappy for long.

hostile adj.艰苦的，恶劣的，不利的
英文释义 difficult or not suitable for living or growing
例句 Sales increased last year despite the hostile economic environment.

replenish vt.补充，重新装满
英文释义 to fill something up again
例句 Food stocks were replenished by/with imports from abroad.

insulation n.隔热，隔音，绝缘
英文释义 the act of covering something to stop heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or
例句 The animal's thick fur provides very good insulation against the arctic cold.

spur vt.激励，鞭策，促进，加速
英文释义 to encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster
例句 Rising consumer sales have the effect of spurring the economy to faster growth.

rear vt.养育，抚养，饲养；adj.后面的，后部的
英文释义 1. to care for young animals or children until they are able to care for
例句 1. He describes how these birds rear their young.

influx n.大量人或物的涌入
英文释义 an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things
例句 Turkey is expecting an influx of several thousand refugees over the next few

pressing adj.紧迫的，急迫的，迫切的
英文释义 (of a problem, need, or situation) urgent, requiring quick or immediate action or
例句 Inflation was the most pressing problem.

convert vt.使（形态、性质、功能）转变，改变
英文释义 cause to change in form, character, or function
例句 Could we convert the small bedroom into a second bathroom?

subject n.（尤指君主制国家的）国民，臣民；adj.可能受…影响的，易遭受…的；vt.使臣
英文释义
例句 1. His subjects regarded him as a great and wise monarch.

foretell vt.预言
英文释义 to say what is going to happen in the future
例句 He was a 16th-century prophet who foretold how the world would end.
the lion's 最大份额，大部分
英文释义 the largest part or most of something
例句 Reputable charities spend the lion's share of donations on aid and a tiny

impede vt.妨碍，阻止
英文释义 (formal) to delay or stop the progress of sth
例句 Work on the building was impeded by severe weather.

refined adj.（物质）精炼的，提纯的，精制的；（人）有礼貌的，优雅的，有教养的
英文释义 (of a substance) made pure by having other substances taken out of it; polite,
例句 1. Animal fats and refined sugar contribute to a weight problem and can be a

embankm n.堤岸
英文释义 an artificial slope made of earth and/or stones
例句 There is a river/road/railway embankment.

landfill n.垃圾填埋，垃圾填埋场
英文释义 the process of getting rid of large amounts of rubbish by burying it, or a place
例句 90 percent of American rubbish is dumped in landfill sites.

stitch vt.缝，缝补
英文释义 to use a needle and thread to repair, join, or decorate pieces of cloth
例句 Her wedding dress was stitched by hand.

debris n.碎片，残片
英文释义 broken or torn pieces of something larger
例句 Debris from the aircraft was scattered over a large area.

remnant n.剩余物
英文释义 a small remaining quantity of something
例句 Even today remnants of this practice remain.

scatter vt.撒，撒播
英文释义 to throw or drop things in different directions so that they cover an area of
例句 Scatter the lawn with grass seed.

intermedia adj.（两地、两物、两种状态等）之间的，中间的
英文释义 located between two places, things, states, etc.
例句 Liquid crystals are considered to be intermediate between liquid and solid.

momentu n.动力，势头
英文释义 the impetus and driving force gained by the development of a process or course
例句 The play loses momentum (= becomes less interesting, energetic, etc.) by its half

myriad n.无数，极大数量
英文释义 a countless or extremely great number
例句 Myriads of insects danced around the light above my head.

embark vi.着手，开始从事（尤指重要或费力的事）
英文释义 begin (a course of action, especially one which is important or demanding)
例句 He embarked on a new career.
 recipe n.食谱，烹饪法
英文释义 a set of instructions telling you how to prepare and cook food, including a list of
例句 Baking a cake isn't difficult — it's just a matter of following the recipe.

encompas vt.包含，包括（尤指很多不同事物）
英文释义 include different types of things
例句 The festival is to encompass everything from music, theatre, and ballet to

undergo vt.经历，经受（令人不快的事或变化）
英文释义 to experience something that is unpleasant or something that involves a change
例句 She underwent an operation on a tumour in her left lung last year.

assimilate vt.& vi.（使）加入，融入

英文释义 to become part of a group, country, society, etc., or to make someone or
例句 You shouldn't expect immigrants to assimilate into an alien culture

uncanny adj.奇怪的，神秘的，难以解释的
英文释义 strange or mysterious; difficult or impossible to explain
例句 He has an uncanny ability to guess what you're thinking.

posit vt.假设，设想；把某事建立在（某个前设）上
英文释义 1. to suggest something as a basic fact or principle from which a further idea is
例句 1. If we posit that wage rises cause inflation, it follows that we should try to

nuisance n.恼人的事物（或人）
英文释义 something or someone that annoys you or causes trouble for you
例句 I've forgotten my umbrella - what a nuisance!

worn out adj.精疲力尽的

英文释义 extremely tired
例句 I've been working all night and I'm worn out.

pitfall n.隐患，陷阱
英文释义 a likely mistake or problem in a situation
例句 The store fell into one of the major pitfalls of small business, borrowing from

deviate vi.出格，违背规则
英文释义 to do something that is different from the usual or common way of behaving
例句 The recent pattern of weather deviates from the norm for this time of year.

aesthetic adj.美感的，审美的，美学的
英文释义 relating to the enjoyment or study of beauty
例句 The new building has little aesthetic value/appeal.

advent n.来临，到来
英文释义 the fact of an event happening, an invention being made, or a person arriving
例句 Life was transformed by the advent of the steam engine.

bloom vi.繁荣，兴盛
英文释义 to grow or develop successfully
 例句 Rimbaud's poetic genius bloomed early.

versatile adj.多功能的，多才多艺的
英文释义 able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities
例句 He was versatile enough to play on either wing.

loathe vt.憎恨，厌恶
英文释义 to hate someone or something
例句 From an early age the brothers have loathed each other.

proponent n.提倡者，支持者
英文释义 a person who speaks publicly in support of a particular idea or plan of action
例句 He is one of the leading proponents of capital punishment.

align 与…保持一致，与…结盟
英文释义 If you align yourself with an organization or person, you agree with and support
例句 The major unions are aligned with the government on this issue.

jarring adj.（使）感到不快的，刺激（神经等）的
英文释义 a jarring sight, sound, or experience is so different or unexpected that it has a
例句 That was a jarring experience.

linger vi.停留，逗留，徘徊
英文释义 to take a long time to leave or disappear
例句 After the play had finished, we lingered for a while in the bar hoping to catch

stem from 源自，由…造成

英文释义 to start or develop as the result of something
例句 Their disagreement stemmed from a misunderstanding.

arduous adj.艰难的，费力的
英文释义 difficult, needing a lot of effort and energy
例句 In those days, long-distance travel was slow and arduous.

impart vt.赋予，给予
英文释义 to give something a particular feeling, quality, or taste
例句 Preservatives can impart colour and flavour to a product.

mural n.壁画
英文释义 a painting that is painted on a wall, either inside or outside a building
例句 We found a mural 72 feet long and 7 feet tall there.

confide in 向…倾诉，向…吐露情感（或秘密）
英文释义 to tell something secret or personal to someone who you trust not to tell anyone
例句 She's nice, but I don't feel I can confide in her.

on top of 除（尤指令人不快之事）之外（还）
英文释义 in addition to something, especially something unpleasant
例句 We missed our flight, and on top of that we had to wait seven hours for the next

offset vt.补偿，抵消，弥补
 英文释义 to balance one influence against an opposing influence, so that there is no great
例句 The extra cost of travelling to work is offset by the lower price of houses here.

projection n.不自觉地把自己的欲念等加诸他人；推断；凸出物
英文释义 1. the unconscious transfer of one's own desires or emotions to another person;
例句 1. We protect the self by a number of defence mechanisms, including repression

overwhelm adj.难以抵挡的，无法抗拒的
英文释义 difficult to fight against
例句 She felt an overwhelming urge/desire/need to tell someone about what had

ornate adj.装饰华丽的，装饰繁复的
英文释义 having a lot of complicated decoration
例句 The luxurious dress, ornate chair and intimate setting reflect the rococo spirit of

exquisite adj.精美的，精致的，优雅的
英文释义 very beautiful and delicate
例句 Look at this exquisite painting.

herbivorou adj.食草的
英文释义 (of an animal) eating plants
例句 Rabbits are relatively large, wild, herbivorous mammals.

invertebra n.无脊椎动物
英文释义 an animal with no spine
例句 Invertebrates, such as worms, are the main diet of these water birds.

disparate adj.完全不同的
英文释义 essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison
例句 They inhabit disparate worlds of thought.

prone adj.易于遭受（疾病）的，有（消极）倾向的
英文释义 likely to suffer from an illness or show a particular negative characteristic
例句 He was prone to depression even as a teenager.

wear off 感觉或效果逐渐消失

英文释义 If a feeling or the effect of something wears off, it gradually disappears.
例句 Most patients find that the numbness from the injection wears off after about

stereotypic adj.（老套的）类型化的
英文释义 having the qualities that you expect a particular type of person to have
例句 Customers are tired of the stereotypical, fast-talking salesperson.

virtually adv.几乎
英文释义 nearly; almost
例句 Their twins are virtually identical.

interior adj.里面的，内部的
英文释义 situated within or inside; relating to the inside; inner
例句 The interior lighting is not adequate.
utilitarian adj.实用的
英文释义 designed to be useful rather than decorative
例句 Like many factories, it's a very ugly utilitarian building.

deplete vt.消耗，耗费（资源、金钱、精力等）
英文释义 o reduce something in size or amount, especially supplies of energy, money, etc.
例句 If we continue to deplete the earth's natural resources, we will cause serious

fulfilled adj.（因充分发挥自己的才能而）心满意足的，得偿所愿的
英文释义 satisfied or happy because of fully developing one's abilities or character
例句 Now that I have my dream job, for the first time in my life I feel really fulfilled.

outweigh vt.比…更重要
英文释义 to be greater or more important than something else
例句 The benefits of this treatment far outweigh any risks.

harbor vt.包含，藏有（细菌等可传播疾病的物质）；心怀，怀有（想法或感情）
英文释义 1. to contain the bacteria, etc. that can cause a disease to spread
例句 1. Bathroom door handles can harbour germs.

localize vt.确定…的位置
英文释义 to find the position of something
例句 Electricians worked through the night to localize the faulty switches.

discrepanc n.不一致，区别
英文释义 a difference between two things that should be the same
例句 There is some discrepancy between the two accounts.

unpalatabl adj.（事实或想法）令人不快的，让人难以接受的
英文释义 an unpalatable fact or idea is very unpleasant and difficult to accept
例句 The unpalatable truth is that the team isn’t getting any better.

annihilate v.消灭，歼灭，毁灭
英文释义 to destroy sb/sth completely
例句 The human race has enough weapons to annihilate itself.

utensil n.（家庭）用具，器皿
英文释义 a tool that is used in the house
例句 Utensils are tools or objects that you use in order to help you to cook, serve

hatch v.孵化，破壳
英文释义 to break open so that a young bird, fish, insect, etc. can come out
例句 The eggs are about to hatch.

larva n.幼虫，幼体（复数为larvae）
英文释义 an insect at the stage when it has just come out of an egg and looks like a short
例句 The eggs quickly hatch into larvae.

redundant adj.（尤指词、短语等）多余的
英文释义 (especially of a word, phrase, etc.) unnecessary because it is more than is
例句 In the sentence "She is a single unmarried woman", the word "unmarried" is
attachmen n.依恋，爱慕
英文释义 a strong feeling of affection for sb/sth
例句 As a teenager she formed a strong attachment to one of her teachers.

ominous adj.恶兆的，不祥的，不吉利的
英文释义 suggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen
例句 There was an ominous silence when I asked whether my contract was going to

nostalgic adj.怀旧的
英文释义 feeling happy and also slightly sad when you think about things that happened
例句 Talking about our old family holidays has made me feel all nostalgic.

deficient adj.缺乏的, 不足的

英文释义 not having enough of a specified quality or ingredient
例句 This diet is deficient in vitamin B.

toil vi.苦干，辛勤劳动
英文释义 work extremely hard or incessantly
例句 Richard toiled to build his editorial team.

scrutiny n.仔细观察，详细审查
英文释义 critical observation or examination
例句 Every aspect of local government was placed under scrutiny.

complime n. & vt.赞扬，称赞

英文释义 a remark that expresses praise or admiration of sb; to tell sb that you like or
例句 She complimented him on his excellent German.

compleme n. & vt. 补充

英文释义 a thing that adds new qualities to sth in a way that improves it or makes it
例句

precipitate vt.促成，加速…的发生；vt.& vi.（使）沉淀

英文释义 1. to make something happen suddenly or sooner than expected
例句 1. An invasion would certainly precipitate a political crisis.

amass vt.（尤指大量）积累，积聚
英文释义 to collect sth, especially in large quantities
例句 He amassed a fortune from silver mining.

biomass n.生物量（以生境面积或容积表示）
英文释义 the total quantity or weight of plants and animals in a particular area or volume
例句

binary adj.双的，由两部分组成的
英文释义 consisting of two parts
例句 Human sexuality is more complicated than the simple binary of "homosexuals"

maxim n.格言，箴言
英文释义 a short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct
 例句 Do not forget the maxim that actions speak louder than words.

demeanor n.外表，风度，行为，举止
英文释义 the way that sb looks or behaves
例句 He maintained a professional demeanour throughout.

indifferenc n.漠不关心，不感兴趣
英文释义 a lack of interest, feeling or reaction towards sb/sth
例句

slang n.俚语
英文释义 very informal words and expressions that are more common in spoken
例句 Archie liked to think he kept up with current slang.

resentmen n. 愤恨，怨恨
英文释义 a feeling of anger or unhappiness about sth that you think is unfair
例句 She could not conceal the deep resentment she felt at the way she had been

submissiv adj.顺从的，谦恭的
英文释义 ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive
例句 He was looking for a quiet, submissive wife who would obey his every word.

inherit vt.继承（金钱，财产，头衔）
英文释义 receive (money, property, or a title) as an heir at the death of the previous
例句 She inherited a fortune from her father.

swirl vi.旋转
英文释义 move in a twisting or spiralling pattern
例句 The smoke was swirling around him.

contamina vt.（常作be contaminated）使不纯，污染

英文释义 make (something) impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting
例句 The site was found to be contaminated by radioactivity.

discharge vt.尽职履行（责任），尽职完成（任务）
英文释义 do all that is required to fulfil (a responsibility) or perform (a duty)
例句 The city must discharge its legal duty to house the homeless.

apprentice n.学徒
英文释义 someone who has agreed to work for a skilled person for a particular period of
例句 Most of the work was done by apprentices.

column n.（报刊）专栏
英文释义 a section of a newspaper or magazine regularly devoted to a particular subject
例句

contempla vi.仔细考虑
英文释义 to spend time considering a possible future action, or to consider one particular
例句 They were contemplating a move to California.

terrestrial adj.陆地的，陆栖的，陆生的
 英文释义 living on the land or on the ground, rather than in water, in trees or in the air
例句

benign adj.（气候，环境）温和的，宜人的
英文释义 (of a climate or environment) mild and favourable
例句 They enjoyed an especially benign climate.

allocate vt.分配
英文释义 If one item or share of something is allocated to a particular person or for a
例句 Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.

upset vt.打翻
英文释义 knock (something) over
例句 He upset a tureen of soup.

synthetic adj.人造的，（人工）合成的
英文释义 artificial; made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced
例句 Boots made from synthetic materials can usually be washed in a machine.

secrete vt.隐藏；分泌
英文释义 1. to put something in a place where it is unlikely to be found
例句 1. He was arrested at the airport with a kilo of heroin secreted in his clothing.

germinate vi.（种子或想法）发芽，萌芽，开始形成
英文释义 (of a seed or spore) begin to grow and put out shoots after a period of dormancy
例句 The idea germinated and slowly grew into an obsession.

intrigue vt.引起…的好奇心（或兴趣），迷住；n.（尤指伤害他人的）阴谋诡计
英文释义 1. I was intrigued by your question.
例句 1. Throughout history, people have been intrigued by the question of whether

unanimity n.意见一致
英文释义 the quality or state of being unanimous
例句 These discussions have led to a remarkable unanimity.

conformity n.对规则和权威的服从一致
英文释义 action in accordance with some specified standard or authority
例句 It's depressing how much conformity there is in such young children.

dispose of 处理，花掉
英文释义 get rid of by throwing away or giving or selling to someone else
例句 How did they dispose of the body?

resourcefu adj.善于随机应变的，足智多谋的
英文释义 having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties
例句 Keen competition in the arts, crafts and trade made the Greeks an inventive

harness vt.（尤指为产生能量而）控制并利用（自然资源）
英文释义 control and make use of (natural resources), especially to produce energy
例句 You must learn to harness the computer's potential.
 scenario n.可能出现的场景
英文释义 a postulated sequence or development of events
例句 A possible scenario is that he was attacked after opening the front door.

speculativ adj.推测的，猜测的，推断的
英文释义 based on guessing or on opinions that have been formed without knowing all
例句

shed light 有助于解释某事

英文释义 to help to explain (something)
例句 She is developing new theories that might shed some light on these unusual

requisite n.必需品，必要条件
英文释义 a thing that is necessary for the achievement of a specified end
例句 She believed privacy to be a requisite for a peaceful life.

rage vi.（自然事物，冲突）流行，肆虐，猖獗
英文释义 (of a natural agency or a conflict) continue violently or with great force
例句 The conflict raged for months.

hazard vt.拿……去冒险
英文释义 put (something) at risk of being lost
例句 The cargo business is too risky to hazard money on.

detrimenta adj.有害的，不利的
英文释义 harmful
例句 The policy will be detrimental to the peace process.

substitute vi.用……替换掉
英文释义 to use something or someone instead of another thing or person
例句 The coach substituted Jones for Smith in the last few minutes of the game.（用

forage vi.（人或动物）找（食物）吃
英文释义 (of a person or animal) search widely for food
例句 Gulls are equipped by nature to forage for food.

cognitive adj.与认知有关的
英文释义 of or relating to cognition
例句 As children grow older, their cognitive processes become sharper.

metropolis n.大都会，大城市
英文释义 a large important city (often the capital city of a country or region)
例句

conspicuo adj.明显的，显著的
英文释义 standing out so as to be clearly visible
例句 He was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam's apple.

yield vt.产生（效果、收益等）
英文释义 produce or deliver (a result, or gain)
例句 This method yields the same results.
 tally vi.符合，吻合；vt.合计
英文释义 1. to match or agree with something else
例句 1. The numbers on your spreadsheet don't tally with ours.

muse vi.沉思，默想，冥想
英文释义 to think about something carefully and for a long time
例句 I began to muse about/on the possibility of starting my own business.

knit vt.& vi.（使）结合

英文释义 to join together
例句 The two communities are closely knit by a common faith.

idle adj.闲置的
英文释义 not working or being used
例句 It's crazy to have $7,000 sitting idle in the bank.

feign vt.假装（某种感情）
英文释义 to pretend to have a particular feeling, problem, etc.
例句 You know how everyone feigns surprise when you tell them how old you are.

improvise vt.& vi.即兴演奏（创作）

英文释义 to invent or make something, such as a speech or a device, at the time when it
例句 I hadn't prepared a speech so I suddenly had to improvise.

choreogra vt.给（舞蹈、芭蕾舞剧等）编舞蹈动作
英文释义 to plan the combination of movements to be performed in a dance
例句 She continues to choreograph new dances for her company, although she rarely

nuanced adj.（在外表、意义、声音等上）有細微差別的
英文释义 made slightly different in appearance, meaning, sound, etc.
例句 His London accent is very slightly nuanced by an occasional Russian

pretentiou adj.（尤指在文学艺术方面）炫耀的，矫饰的，自以为是的
英文释义 trying to appear or sound more important or clever than you are, especially in
例句 The novel deals with grand themes, but is never heavy or pretentious.

deliberate adj.故意的，深思熟虑的
英文释义 characterized by or resulting from careful and thorough consideration
例句 We made a deliberate decision to live apart for a while.

console vt.安抚，慰藉
英文释义 to make someone who is sad or disappointed feel better by giving them comfort
例句 He tried to console her, but she kept saying it was all her own fault.

criteria n.（作出评判、决定或处理的）标准，准则
英文释义 a standard by which you judge, decide about, or deal with something
例句 The Health Service should not be judged by financial criteria alone.

lament vt.惋惜，表示失望；悼念
英文释义 1. express regret or disappointment over something considered unsatisfactory,
 例句 1. She lamented the fact that manufacturers did not produce small packs for

counteract vt.抵消，中和
英文释义 to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite
例句 Drinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydrating effects of hot weather.

neutralize vt.抵消，使失效
英文释义 to stop something from having an effect
例句 The aerial bombardments have neutralized the threat of artillery attacks on

banter vi.（善意地）取笑，逗弄
英文释义 to talk to someone in a friendly and humorous way
例句 He stood around bantering with his colleagues.

rival vt.与…相匹敌，比得上
英文释义 to be as good, impressive, etc. as sb/sth else
例句 You will find scenery to rival anything you can see in the Alps.

drought n.久旱，旱灾
英文释义 a long period when there is little or no rain
例句 The drought caused serious damage to crops.

colossal adj.巨大的，庞大的
英文释义 extremely large
例句 They were asking a colossal amount of money for the house.

oscillate vi.动摇，犹豫
英文释义 waver between extremes of opinion, action, or quality
例句 My emotions oscillate between desperation and hope.

irretrievab adj.无法纠正的，不能恢复的，无法挽救的
英文释义 impossible to correct or return to a previously existing situation or condition
例句 The couple separated on the grounds of irretrievable breakdown (of their

collaborate vi.合作，协作
英文释义 to work together with sb in order to produce or achieve sth
例句 Researchers around the world are collaborating to develop a new vaccine.

legacy n.历史遗产，遗留物
英文释义 something that is a part of your history or that remains from an earlier time
例句 The war has left a legacy of hatred.

persistenc n.坚持，锲而不舍
英文释义 the fact of continuing to try to do sth despite difficulties, especially when other
例句

dedication n.献身，奉献
英文释义 (approving) the hard work and effort that sb puts into an activity or purpose
例句 He has always shown great dedication to the cause.

sentiment n.（基于情感的）观点，看法；情绪
英文释义 ( formal ) a feeling or an opinion, especially one based on emotions
例句 Public sentiment is against any change to the law.

monarchy n.君主制，君主政体
英文释义 (the monarchy) [ sing. ] a system of government by a king or a queen
例句 This may seem surprising in view of the widespread acceptance of monarchy.

mighty adj.强而有力的
英文释义 (especially literary) very strong and powerful
例句
=
He struck him with a mighty blow across his shoulder.

ambient
q
adj.周围的；（尤指）周围环境条件的
=
p
英文释义 (especially of environmental conditions) existing in the surrounding area

q
例句 The liquid is stored at below ambient temperature.

compute vt.（一般作 be computed）估算，计算（数字，数量） p

===
英文释义 reckon or calculate (a figure or amount)
例句 The hire charge is computed on a daily basis.

= = = =
=
enclose vt.围住，包住

= =
= =
英文释义 to surround something
例句 The park that encloses the monument has recently been enlarged.

foster vt.鼓励，促进，培养
= =
=
英文释义 to encourage the development or growth of ideas or feelings
q q
p
例句 I'm trying to foster an interest in classical music in my children.
p
== =
discord n.看法不一致，缺乏共识

= =
英文释义 the state of not agreeing or sharing opinions
例句
==
A note of discord has crept into relations between the two countries.

downright
= = =
adj.（贬）十足的，完全的，彻头彻尾的（表强调）

== =
英文释义 (of something bad or unpleasant) utter; complete (used for emphasis)
例句
= The working conditions are unhealthy, if not downright (= and probably

mitigate
= vt.使缓和，减轻 =
q
英文释义 to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad
例句
= q p
It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island.
p
=
implicit adj.无疑问的；无保留的

===
英文释义 complete and without any doubts
例句 All her life she had implicit faith in her way of life.

explicit
= = =
adj.表达详细而清楚的

例句
=
英文释义 stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
The arrangement had not been made explicit.

blunt adj.（人，话语）直率的，生硬的，耿直的

=
英文释义 (of a person or remark) uncompromisingly forthright
例句 I'll be blunt - that last piece of work you did was terrible.
 cast 抛弃，摆脱，把…丢在一旁
英文释义 to get rid of someone or something
例句 You must cast aside all thoughts of revenge.

scrutinize vt.细看，仔细审查
英文释义 to examine something very carefully in order to discover information
例句 He scrutinized the men's faces carefully/closely, trying to work out who was

exclamatio n.（因吃惊、害怕、喜悦等而发出的）呼喊，惊叫

例句 =
英文释义 something you say or shout suddenly because of surprise, fear, pleasure, etc.
Meg gave an involuntary exclamation.
q
discern
p
vt.觉察出，识别，了解

q
英文释义 to know, recognize or understand sth, especially sth that is not obvious

=
例句
p
It is possible to discern a number of different techniques in her work.

invoke vt.恳求，乞求；引起，造成，产生，唤起；援引，借助（法律）
=
===
英文释义 1.call earnestly for
例句 1. She invoked his help against this attack.

= =
=
sever vt.中断，断绝（联系）

=
例句=
英文释义 to end a connection with someone or something
The company has severed its connection/links/relationship/ties with its
=
=
unveil vt.（首次）展示；将…公诸于众
q
pq p
英文释义 show or announce publicly for the first time
例句 The company recently unveiled a test version of its new search engine.

gadget =
n.小器具，小装置
=
= =
英文释义 a small tool or device that does sth useful
例句
==
They sold a variety of kitchen gadgets.

disparate
== =
adj.截然不同的，迥然相异的

例句
=
英文释义 different in every way
The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from
= =
q
pose vt.造成，引起（尤指问题或困难）

= q
英文释义 to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty
例句 p
Nuclear weapons pose a threat to everyone. p
at stake 处于危险境地 =
===
英文释义 in danger of being lost
例句 =
Thousands of lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city

domain n.领域
英文释义 an area of interest or an area over which a person has control
例句
=
These documents are in the public domain (= available to everybody).

metabolic adj.新陈代谢的
英文释义 relating to the chemical processes within the body required for life
例句 The athletes had taken pills to stimulate their metabolic rate (= the speed at
stubborn adj.固执的
英文释义 refusing to change your ideas or to stop doing something
例句 He's (as) stubborn as a mule. [=he's very/extremely stubborn]

=
q =
p
q
p

= =
q q
p p

= =
q q
p p
=

@洗洗SAT备考 更多资料课程
＋v：sat6000