CRANIAL NERVES Aug 2013

CRANIAL NERVES

Pure Motor Pure Sensory Mixed Parasympathetic Contain Taste Fibers

3, 4, 6, 11, 12 1, 2, 8 5, 7, 9, 10 3, 7, 9, 10 7, 9, 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Motor     
Sensory   
Mixed    
Parasympathetic    
Taste fiber   

FUNCTIONS
Cranial Nerve Opening in skull Functions
I Olfactory Cribriform plate y Sensory to olfaction (smell)
II Optic Optic canal y Sensory to vision
y Motor to the superior, inferior, medial rectus muscles, the inferior oblique
III Oculomotor Superior orbital fissure muscle, the levator palpebrae superioris muscle
y Parasympathetic innervation to constrict pupil and accomodate eye
IV Trochlear Superior orbital fissure y Motor to the superior oblique muscle that turns the eye downward and laterally
y Sensory to cornea, skin of the forehead, scalp, eyelids, and nose; mucous
V1
membrane of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity
y Sensory to skin of face over the maxilla and upper lip; teeth of upper jaw;
V2
mucous membrane of the nose; maxillary air sinus
V1: Superior orbital fissure
V Trigeminal V2: Foramen rotundum y Sensory to skin of the cheek, skin over the mandible, and side of head;
V3: Foramen ovale teeth of lower jaw and TMJ; mucous membrane of the mouth and anterior
twoͲthirds of the tongue
V3
y Motor to muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral
pterygoids), anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, and
tensor veli palatini
VI Abducens Superior orbital fissure y Motor to the lateral rectus muscle – turns eye laterally
y Motor to muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of the
Internal auditory meatus, digastric
VII Facial facial canal, y Taste from the anterior twoͲthirds of the tongue, and palate
stylomastoid foramen y Parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands,
lacrimal gland, and glands of the nose and palate
y Vestibular nerve: Position and movement of the head
VIII Vestibulocochlear Internal auditory meatus
y Cochlear nerve: Hearing
y Motor to the stylopharyngeus muscle
y Taste from the posterior third of the tongue
IX Glossopharyngeal Jugular foramen
y Sensory to general sensation from pharynx, sensory fibers from the carotid sinus
y Parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
y Motor: innervates constrictor muscles of the pharynx and intrinsic muscles of the
larynx
Jugular foramen y Parasympathetic innervation to structures in the neck, thorax and most of
X Vagus
abdomen to splenic flexure of colon
y Taste from valleculae and epiglottis
y Afferent fibers (sensation) from above structures
XI Accessory Jugular foramen y Motor to the SCM and trapezius muscles
y Motor to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except the
XII Hypoglossal Hypoglossal canal
palatoglossus muscle)

Mnemonic to Remember Names of the Cranial Nerves

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Mnemonics Mnemonic to Remember Whether Nerve is Sensory, Motor, or Both
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(c) HB Kim, LAc www.AcupunctureMedia.com