LTE Terminal Applications

Phase 3

RCS on Phone (2013~2014 Commercial)

Phase 2

GSM/UMTS/LTE multi-network phone.

SIP supported
Packet data, voice, video, IMS based RCS

Packet Data & Voice on Phone (2011~2012 Commercial)

GSM/UMTS/LTE multi-network phone.
Voice and Data services on phone.

Phase 1

Packet Data Only (2009~2010 Commercial)

LTE broadband data services base on Data Card.
Non intersection with voice services.

LTE Phone Voice Service Key Points

GSM/GPRS

UMTS

MSCS

GGSN

LTE

MSCS

GGSN

SAE-GW
MME

MGW

SGSN

MGW

GERAN

Register
Voice
Packet Data

SGSN

UTRAN

2G/3G phone register in CS&PS

simultaneously
2G/3G
2G/3Gvoice
voicebase
baseon
onCS
CS

LTE

LTE phone register in PS

only
LTE
LTEPhone
Phonehow
howto
tomake
make
Voice
Service?
Voice Service?

None CS in LTE Network

High-level NGMN
System Architecture

Service Layer

Service
Service Control
eg
egIMS,
IMS, SIP
Control
SIP
Enable
rs

Eg WLAN

PSTN, PLMN, Internet

NGMN
PS
Core

Other Access
NGMN Access

Other Networks eg

CS
Core

UTRAN

GERAN

To be phased out over time

NGMN: the next generation network is based on pure IP Network

No UTRAN, GERAN and CS in the future network
Voice and Short Message services will be realized in Packet network

reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPP_Long_Term_Evolution#An_.22All_IP_Network.22_.28AIPN.29

LTE/SAE Network, Pure IP Network

UTRAN
SGSN
HSS

GERAN
S3
S1-MME

S6a

MME

PCRF
S12
S11
S10

"LTE-Uu"

S4
Serving

UE

eNodeB

Gateway
S1-U

Rx+

S7

S5

PDN
Gateway

SGi

Operator's IP Services
(e.g. IMS, PSS etc.)

LTE phone Can Not register to CS through 2G/3G

Dual

GSM/UMTS/LTE
MSCS

SAE-GW
MME

MGW

GERAN

UTRAN

LTE

Single Radio among 2G/3G/LTE

Register
Voice
Packet Data

Radio Concept
The candidate technology can work in
parallel with the legacy radio technology
in the terminal, at least when handover
happens.
Less complex network procedures.
Single Radio Concept
Only one radio technology can be
activated at a time.
Less complex terminals
Less radio interference
Less impact on battery life
Less transmission power
If frequency bands are close to each other, single
radio handover is needed. If frequency bands are
not close to each other, dual radio handover is
possible.

LTE Phone Voice Service Solution

Register

IMS & SRVCC (Single Radio

Voice Call Continuity)
MGCF/IM-MGW

SCC AS

VoLGA (Voice over LTE via

Generic Access)

Voice
Packet
Data

CSCF

VANC

CSFB (Circuit Switched Fall

Back)
MSCS

SAE-GW
Enhanced
MSC

MSCS

SRVCC
handover

GERAN/
UTRAN

LTE

Active in LTE PS and register

in IMS
Voice call through IMS
SRVCC switch to 2G/3G CS
while none LTE coverage

SAE-GW

MME

MME

MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

SAE-GW
SGs

MME

MGW

MSCS

SGi

A/Iu_CS

MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

LTE

Active in LTE PS and combined

RA/LA update to register in CS
Packet data only through LTE
PS
Voice call actice in 2G/3G CS

CS
handover
LTE

Active in LTE PS and LA and

Voice call in CS through VANC
switch to 2G/3G CS while
none LTE coverage

LTE Phone Short Message Solution

Short Message

SIP Message over IMS

SMSC

IP-SM-GW

SMS over SGs

CSCF

SMS via VANC

SMSC

SMSC

Enhanced
MSC
MSCS

SAE-GW

MSCS

MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

A/Iu_CS

SAE-GW

MSCS

SGs

MME
MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

LTE

Active in LTE PS and

register in IMS
Realization SIP SMS
through LTE PS over IMS

VANC

SAE-GW
MME

MGW

MME

GERAN/
UTRAN

LTE

Active in LTE PS and make

combined RA/LA update to
register to PS/CS
Realization SMS through
SGs by LTE PS

LTE

Active in LTE PS and

register in IMS
Realization SIP SMS
through LTE PS over IMS

IMS and SRVCC

One Voice Initiative

LTE
LTE
One
OneVoice
Voice
11

2009

11

AT&T,
Orange,
Telefonica,
TeliaSonera,
Verizon,
Vodafone,
2009 11 AT&T, Orange, Telefonica, TeliaSonera, Verizon, Vodafone,
Alcatel-Lucent,
Alcatel-Lucent,Ericsson,
Ericsson,Samsung
Samsungand
andSony
SonyEricsson
Ericsson
One
OneVoice
Voice
Profile

Profile 2 3

IMS
IMS
LTE
LTE

IMS

SMS

IMS SMS 2 4 5

GSMA VoLTE initiative

2010
2010
22
GSMA
GSMA
One
OneVoice
VoiceInitiative*
Initiative*

(LTE)

(LTE) ( 6
GSMA
GSMAVoLTE
VoLTEinitiative
initiative
33Group,
Group,AT&T,
AT&T,Bell
BellCanada,
Canada,China
ChinaMobile,
Mobile,Deutsche
Deutsche
Telekom/T-Mobile,
KDDI,
mobilkom
austria,
MTS,
NTT
DoCoMo,
Orange,
Telekom/T-Mobile, KDDI, mobilkom austria, MTS, NTT DoCoMo, Orange,SKT,
SKT,SoftBank,
SoftBank,
Telecom
Italia,
Telecom
New
Zealand,
Telefnica,
Telenor,
TeliaSonera,
Verizon
Telecom Italia, Telecom New Zealand, Telefnica, Telenor, TeliaSonera, VerizonWireless
Wireless
and
Vodafone

and Vodafone . 6

IMS
IMS

LTE

LTE 7

1.1.One
OneVoice
Voiceinitiative
initiativelooks
looksto
tomake
makeIMS
IMSmore
moreusable
usablefor
forLTE
LTE- -Rethink
RethinkWireless
Wireless
2.2.One
Voice
Initiative
Nokia
Siemens
Networks
One Voice Initiative - Nokia Siemens Networks
3.3.Telecom
Telecomproviders
providersannounce
announceLTE
LTEstandard
standard Wireless
Wireless- -CNET
CNETNews
News
4.4.One
Voice:
An
IMS
Initiative
One Voice: An IMS Initiative
5.5.WirelessMoves
WirelessMovesThe
TheIMS
IMSOne
OneVoice
VoiceProfile
Profile- -Some
SomeThoughts
Thoughts
6.6.
GSMA
GSMALeads
LeadsMobile
MobileIndustry
IndustryTowards
TowardsaaSingle,
Single,Global
GlobalSolution
Solutionfor
forVoice
Voiceover
overLTE
LTE
7.7.GSMA
GSMAVoLTE
VoLTEinitiative
initiative

One
OneVoice
VoiceProfile
Profile

Adobe
Acrobat Document

Circuit Switched Fall Back

CSFB

CSFB
CSFB
3GPP
3GPPR8
R8
3GPP
3GPP
IMS
IMS

1 2 3

1.1.CS
CSFallback
FallbackFunction
Functionfor
forCombined
CombinedLTE
LTEand
and3G
3GCircuit
CircuitSwitched
SwitchedServices.pdf
Services.pdf
2. EPSCS Fallback
2. EPSCS Fallback
3.3.WirelessMoves
WirelessMovesLTE
LTEand
andthe
theVoice
VoiceGap
GapCS
CSFallback
Fallback

Voice over LTE via Generic Access

VoLGA
2009
2009
33
Deutsche
DeutscheTelekom
Telekom
VoLGA
VoLGA
LTE
LTE
Voice
Voice
SMS
SMS
( (
11

2
Alcatel-Lucent, Ditech Networks, Genband, HTC Corporation, Huawei, Kineto
Alcatel-Lucent, Ditech Networks, Genband, HTC Corporation, Huawei, Kineto
Wireless,
Wireless,LG
LGElectronics,
Electronics,Mavenir
MavenirSystem,
System,Motorola,
Motorola,Sonus
SonusNetworks,
Networks,Samsung,
Samsung,SPA,
SPA,
Starent
Networks,
Tecore
Networks,
Ulticom,
Vitend,
Wichorus,
ZTE

Starent Networks, Tecore Networks, Ulticom, Vitend, Wichorus, ZTE

Deutsche
DeutscheTelekom
Telekom
22

2009 12 Deutsche Telekom VoLGA VoLTE

2009 12 Deutsche Telekom VoLGA VoLTE

kenito
kenito
Alcatel-Lucent
Alcatel-Lucent
CSFB
CSFB
65%
65%

UMTS

40%

UMTS 40% 3 4
2009 12 VoLGA One Voice Initiative VoLGA IMS Voice
2009 12 VoLGA One Voice Initiative VoLGA IMS Voice

SMS
SMS
55

VoLGA 3GPP 6
VoLGA 3GPP 6
VoLGA DT 7
VoLGA DT 7
8
8

1.1.VoLGA
VoLGAForum
Forum- -Wikipedia,
Wikipedia,the
thefree
freeencyclopedia
encyclopedia
2.2.VoLGA
VoLGAForum
Forum- -Start
Start
3.3.Deutsche
DeutscheTelekom
TelekomAnnounced
AnnouncedFirst
FirstVoice
VoiceCalls
Callsover
overLTE
LTEwith
withVoLGA
VoLGA
4.4.Voice
Voiceand
andSMS
SMSover
overLTE
LTEDeutsche
DeutscheTelekom
Telekom
5.5.Forum_Positioning_on_OneVoice_Dec09.pdf
Forum_Positioning_on_OneVoice_Dec09.pdf
6. VoLGA Forum Specifications
6. VoLGA Forum Specifications
7.7.Voice
Voiceand
andSMS
SMSover
overLTE
LTE
8.8.WirelessMoves
VOLGA
WirelessMoves VOLGA- -Voice
Voiceover
overLTE
LTEvia
viaGAN
GAN- -AATechnical
Technical
Introduction
Introduction

VoLGA
VoLGAWhite
WhitePaper
Paper

Adobe
Acrobat Document

Comparison of 3 Solutions
IMS & SRVCC

CSFB

VoLGA

Evolution

Voice over IMS is the

end-solution

Transition-solution

Transition- solution

Cost

New IMS and AS

Upgrade existing MSCS

New VANC

Subscrib
er
Experien
ce

Handover from LTE to

2G/3G;
QoS of Voice over LTE
needs to be verified;
Packet data service
keeps continuous;.

Long call establish time;

Packet data service
break;
Guaranteed QoS of
voice service;
None handover from
LTE to 2G/3G.

Handover from LTE to

2G/3G;
QoS of Voice over LTE
needs to be verified;
Packet data service keeps
continuous.

Industry
Chains

3GPP members

3GPP members

Few 3GPP members (?)

standardi
zation

Fully comply with

3GPP,but need to be
simplified.

Fully comply with 3GPP

Upgrade based on 3GPP

GANC, but the upgrade
content is not included in
3GPP.

Relationship of the 3 solutions

VF

CSL

When only LTE network, VoLTE over IMS is the only solution
When only LTE network, VoLTE over IMS is the only solution
When both 2G/3G and LTE network, CSFB + IMS&SRVCC is the main
When both 2G/3G and LTE network, CSFB + IMS&SRVCC is the main
solution.
solution.
CSFB will be applied early, and then transit to IMS & SRVCC and
CSFB will be applied early, and then transit to IMS & SRVCC and
existing for a long period.
existing for a long period.
HPLMN and VPLMN can use IMS & SRVCC or CSFB dependently.
HPLMN and VPLMN can use IMS & SRVCC or CSFB dependently.

Reference
Reference

D:\Document\
\\EPC\\

2012,
2012,CSFB
CSFB
2013,
2013,IMS
IMS&&SRVCC,
SRVCC,transit
transitvoice
voice
from
CS
to
LTE
PS
over
IMS.
from CS to LTE PS over IMS.

2011,
2011,CSFB
CSFB
2012,
IMS
2012, IMS&&SRVCC,
SRVCC,transit
transitvoice
voice
from
fromCS
CSto
toLTE
LTEPS
PSover
overIMS.
IMS.

T-Mobile
VoLGA
VoLGAfirst
firstand
andthe
theend-solution
end-solutionisis
IMS
IMS&&SRVCC
SRVCC(temporary
(temporaryschedule)
schedule)

LTE Voice Solution Scenarios

Mode

Register

Voice

SMS

Impacted NEs

Mode1

Home PLMN and IMS

IMS & SRVCC

SIP Message
over IMS

New IMS,
new enhanced
MSCS/MGW

Visited PLMN and IMS

IMS & SRVCC

SIP Message
over IMS

New IMS,
new enhanced
MSCS/MGW

Visited PLMN and non IMS

CSFB

SMS over SGs

Legacy MSCS SW
update

Home PLMN and IMS

IMS & SRVCC

SMS over SGs

New IMS,
new enhanced
MSCS/MGW

Visited PLMN and IMS

IMS & SRVCC

SMS over SGs

New IMS,
new enhanced
MSCS/MGW

Visited PLMN and non IMS

CSFB

SMS over SGs

Legacy MSCS SW
update

Home PLMN and non IMS

CSFB

SMS over SGs

Legacy MSCS SW
update

Visited PLMN and IMS

CSFB

SMS over SGs

Legacy MSCS SW
update

Visited PLMN and non IMS

CSFB

SMS over SGs

Legacy MSCS SW
update

Mode2

Mode3

CSFB key issueshigh upgrade cost and long call establish time
High upgrade cost

SAE-GW
MSCS
SGs

SGs

MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

MSCS

MSCS

The LTEs neighbor GERAN/UTRAN

belonged MSC Servers need
software upgrade.

MME

LTE

MGW

GERAN/
UTRAN

MGW

Long call establish

time

GERAN/
UTRAN

HLR
5

SAE-GW
MSCS1

MME TA is neighbor to
MSCS1 LAI1 MSCS2 LAI2 , TA is
related to LAI2.
While register to LTE, MME and MSCS2 make
combined RA/LA update (step 1,2,3)
While call fallback to LAI1 new LA update is
necessary in MSCS1(step 4,5 and then the
call setup, it causes 1~2 seconds delay.
As called part, route to MSCS2+LA update
in MSCS1+re-route to MSCS1, it causes
about 3~5 seconds delay.

MSCS2
2

MGW

MME
LAI1
4

TA
1

MGW
LAI2

CSFB Optimization
New CSFB Specified MSCS/MGW

SAE-GW

MSCS

MSCS

MGW

MME

MGW

LTE

GERAN/
UTRAN
SGs

A/Iu

GERAN/
UTRAN
SGs

MGW

MSCS

MSCS

New MSC Server/MGW specified for Fall

Back voice call.
When combined RA/LA update, MME only
interworks with CSFB MSCS.
CSFB MSCS assigns TMSI for UE.
When UE Fall Back to GERAN/UTRAN,
BSC/RNC connects to CSFB MSCS based on
TMSI.
2 MSCSs are used to realize CSFB MSCS
redundancy.

Requirements of existing network

Option
Option1:1:BSC/RNC
BSC/RNCsupports
supportsMSC
MSCPOOL.
POOL.
Option 2: If MSC POOL is not supported, MSC POOL
Option 2: If MSC POOL is not supported, MSC POOL
solution
solutionofofusing
usingMGW
MGWintegrated
integratedwith
withNNSF
NNSFswap
swap
existing
MSCS/MGW
is
suggest.
The
BSC/RNC
existing MSCS/MGW is suggest. The BSC/RNCdoes
does
not
notneed
neednot
notupgrade
upgradeincluding
includingA/Iu
A/IuIPIPdeploying.
deploying.

Benefits

The
Theexisting
existingMSCSs
MSCSsdoes
doesnot
notneed
needto
to

upgrade.
upgrade.

Fall
FallBack
Backcall
calldoes
doesnot
notneed
needre-LA
re-LA
update
updateand
andre-route.
re-route.