CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY AND
ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Submitted by:
CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY
PRESENTATION CONTENTS
What is safety?
A Few facts
Construction Accidents
Safe Access On-Site
Excavation Work
Working at Height
Electricity
PPE
Case Study 1
Case Study 2
General Incidents at site
Basic Safety Mantras
What is SAFETY ?
Safety can be defined as ensuring that the construction site is not
imposing any immediate danger to the public or workers, as well as
making sure the final project has met all the required safety
standards.
In India about 31 million people are employed in construction
sector. Indian construction industry is labour intensive comprising
of semi- skilled and unskilled workers; therefore the safety of
labour at the site should be kept in mind and appropriate measures
should be taken for the same.
The best way to protect workers against hazards is to control
problems at the source. To prevent health hazards at work, all
possible hazards that may be encountered should be identified in
advance.
EFFECTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT HAS
THREE MAIN OBJECTIVES:
To make the environment safe
To make the job safe
To make workers safety conscious.
ELEMENTS OF A SAFE CONSTRUCTION
SITE
Duties assigned to responsible personnel
Planning before work
A clean and organised site layout
Good Housekeeping
Secure and access controlled site
Emphasis of safety and well being of workers and people in
and around the site
Attention to sector specific safety details
Health care and well being of workers by managing health
risks
SITE LAYOUT
SAFETY MANAGEMENT
INSURANCE PREMIUM
TOOL BOX MEETING
APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS
MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
SIGN BOARDS
A Few Facts:
The first week on each new site is the most
dangerous
Accidents are more frequent at the end of the day
Small building jobs are the most risky
Safety helmets, Hi-viz jackets, safety boots do
prevent injury and death
Light weight shoes-such as trainers or runners are
not suitable on site
CONSTRUCTION ACCIDENTS:
Breakdown of fatalities according to type of accident in
construction industry:
56% falls from height
21% trapped by something collapsing or overturning
10% struck by a moving vehicle
5% contact with electricity or electrical discharge
4% struck by a flying/falling object during machine lifting of
materials
3% contact with moving machinery or material being
machined
1% exposure to a hot or harmful substance
SAFE ACCESS ON SITE
Ensure phased construction maintains access routes
Edges from which people could fall are provided with double
guard rails or other suitable edge protection
Holes are protected with clearly marked and fixed covers to
prevent falls
Design construction sequences to facilitate access to work
positions
Good lighting in the site
Site should fenced off from public
Excavation Work:
For safety in excavation works:
All excavations deeper than 1.25 meters must be shored or
battered.
Excavations deeper than 2 meters must have a guard rail or
barrier.
Remove debris and excavated soil near
excavation site
Determine how workers will enter and exit excavation
Be aware of nearby vehicles and mobile
equipment causing soil to vibrate
Excavation Work:
Make sure the excavation is inspected
daily
Make sure you know where any
underground pipes and cables are before
you hit them
Always remember that there is no safe
ground that will not collapse.
Trench sides can collapse without
warning.
Working at Height
Height hazards on cconstruction sites:
Holes in floor, gaps on working platform, shafts and stairwells not
adequately covered or barricaded.
Using ladders or scaffolding without proper fixing is crazy.
Never use incomplete scaffolding.
Make sure there are hand rails and toe boards at all edges.
Things fall on sites, wear your helmet.
Before starting work at heights check for clearance from any
overhead power lines.
Electricity:
Treat electricity with respect
Check constantly that cables are not damaged
or worn
Keep trailing cables off the ground and away
from water
Never overload or use makeshift plugs and
fuses
PPE ON-SITE
Most construction sites require at least:
Hard hat
Safety Boots
Hi-viz jacket
Safety Glasses
Safety Gloves
Noise Cancellation Ear Plugs
CASE STUDY 1: SCAFFOLDING
COLLAPSE IN VIETNAM
ABOUT THE INCIDENT:
Location:
Hanoi, Vietnam
Incident:
Death Toll:
14
Injuries:
30
Employer:
Samsung C&T Corp
Date of incident:
Scaffolding Collapse
30 March, 2015
CAUSE OF THE ACCIDENT
The cause of the accident has been identified as overloading
of the scaffold. There were more than 40 workers on the 30
meter scaffold.
The scaffold was also burdened by construction equipment
and materials.
The rail of a hydraulic system used to lift building materials
suddenly fell from a height of 30 metres, hitting the
scaffolding and bringing down hundreds of tons of metal
scaffolding on the construction workers.
UNDERLYING FACTORS
Negligence of the managers and supervisors
No inspection before commencement of work
High velocity winds leading to instability
HOW THE ACCIDENT COULD HAVE
BEEN PREVENTED
By using properly constructed scaffolding of sound material
of adequate strength to provide with both means of safe access
and a safe place of work.
Scaffolds shouldve been inspected at least once a week and a
written report on each inspection kept.
Proper analysis of work environment before beginning to
work.
Ensuring that the scaffold is anchored properly to support
systems or adjacent structure.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
Where you cannot work safely from the ground or from part
of the building, it is better to use a suitable scaffold than a
ladder.
Use a scaffold only for the purpose for which it has been
provided and make sure it is securely anchored or tied to the
building.
Do not overload the scaffold. In particular, do not load it with
plant and materials unless it has been erected for this purpose.
Never keep materials on the scaffold unless they are needed
for work within a reasonable time.
Avoid using a tower in windy or severe weather conditions
Make sure that timber used in scaffolding is not painted or
treated so that defects cannot be seen.
Do not use bamboo that show signs of rotting or being
infested by insects; also examine the ropes for early signs of
decay, avoid using material about which there is doubt.
CASE STUDY 1
Keeping the Burj Khalifa
site safe for workers
Strict, almost militarylike rules were enforced
SAFETY MEASURES
ADOPTED
10,000 construction workers from over 59
companies that built the world's tallest tower.
Zero tolerance policy for smoking people were
fired immediately, no matter what the situation or
circumstance.
Mandatory for all workers to wear PPE equipment
at all times, in addition to wearing a safety
harness when working at a height.
SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED
(CONTD.)
All workers were required to take their compulsory
breaks between 12.30pm and 3pm during summer.
Power tools used were converted to work with 110
volts, instead of the usual 220 volts to minimize the
risk of accident
Fire hydrants and extinguishers were placed on
every floor.
Safety barriers were put up at all levels and safety
officers were present on-site at all times
SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED
(CONTD.)
They followed a zero incident policy so every single
worker would have to go through four hours of
training before they reported to work.
Hired translators
Emergency escape cages for up to 75 workers
hoisted down by a crane from the top, in case of a
fire or other similar emergency.
A rescue helicopter was also in place to lift the
crane operators to safety.
NUMBER OF DEATHS REPORTED TILL THE
COMPLETION OF THE WORLDS
TALLEST BUILDING
=1
BASIC SAFETY MANTRAS:
All accidents are preventable.
No job is worth getting hurt for, every job
will be done safely.
Incidents can be managed.
Safety is everyones responsibility.
Continuous improvement.
All individuals have the responsibility and accountability to identify,
eliminate or manage risks associated with their workplace.
Legal obligations will be the minimum requirements for our health &
safety standards.
Individual will be trained and equipped to have the skills and facilities to
ensure an accident free workplace.
Last and the most important safety measure
Dont use
at construction site
BETTER SAFE
THAN SORRY!
THANK YOU
ANY QUESTIONS?
