IPE 381
Linear & Angular Measuring Instrument
Outline
2
Linear Measurements
Calipers
V-Block
Engineer's taper, wire & thickness gauge
Pitch Screw Gauge
Vernier Instruments
Micrometer
Telescopic Internal Gauge
Hemispherical Gauge
Pin Gauge
Pivotal Stylus & Autocollimator
Slip Gauge
Accessories
Surface Plate
Angle Plate
Angular Measurements
Bevel Protractor
Sine Bar
Sprit Level
Autocollimator
Miscellaneous Measurements
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
3
Calipers
Consists of two legs
Accessory to scale
Reduce sighting errors and increase accuracy
Two types:
Firm Joint type
Outside
Inside
Spring type
Outside
Inside
Transfer
Hermophrodite
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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V-Block
Checking roundness of cylindrical workpiece
Marking centers accurately
90 angle
Types
Depending on accuracy
Grade A
Grade B
Depending on design
One vee
Two vee
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Engineer's taper, wire &
thickness gauge
Consists of leaves for
Taper measurement
Wire diameter measurement
Thickness of small gaps
Pitch Screw Gauge
Contains multiple leaves
Matches teeth on the leaves
with teeth on work
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Vernier Instruments
Two scales: Main & Vernier
Slight difference in divisions is used enhance the accuracy
Three elements: Beam, Fixed Jaw & Sliding Jaw
Errors in measurements
Digital Caliper
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Vernier Height Gauge
Sort of Vernier Caliper
Have attachment to make
suitable for height
measurement
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Micrometers
U shaped
Inside
Micrometer depth gauge
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Telescopic Internal Gauge
Hemispherical Gauge
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Pin Gauge
For larger bores
Has spherical ends
Length is slightly less than the diameter to be l
measured
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Pivotal Stylus & Autocollimator
IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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IPE 381
Linear Measurement
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Slip Gauge
Rectangular blocks of 30
by 10 mm
Surface hardened
Wrung together due to
fine finish (6-7 x 10-6mm)
Accessories
Surface Plate
Angle Plate
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
14
Bevel Protractor
Base plate contains a main scale with which there is an
attached vernier scale. Adjustable blade moves along the
circular periphery of the main scale.
Various components:
Body
Stock
Blade
Use of bevel protractor
Checking inside bevel face
Checking vee block
Measuring acute angle
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Sine Bar
Uses the ratio of the length of two sides of a right triangle in deriving a
given angle.
Measurement is usually limited to 450
Not complete: needs surface plate, slip gauges & indicating device.
Made from high carbon, high chromium, corrosion resistant steel
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Accuracy of sine bar depends on following features:
Two rollers must have equal diameter and be true cylinders
The rollers must be set parallel to each other and to the upper
face
The precise center distance between the rollers must be known
The upper surface must have a high degree of flatness
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Use of sine bar
Measuring angles
or locating any
work to a given
angle
Checking of
unknown angles
Checking of
unknown angles of
heavy components
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Spirit Level
Purpose: Measuring small angle and positioning surface
parallel to horizontal or vertical plane.
Consists of sealed glass tube on which scale is engraved. Tube
is filled with ether leaving the top part for ether vapor which
forms a bubble.
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Characteristic element of a level
Sensitivity: expressed as the angle of tilt in seconds for which
bubble will move by one division on the tube
Sensitivity = Angle in seconds/1 division of tube
Constant of sprit level: change in tilt, expressed in mm/m
Accuracy of level: base should be flat within prescribed limits
Errors: due to error in the vial, curvature being non-uniform,
scale positioned incorrectly and temperature variations
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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Autocollimator
Infinity telescope and collimator combined into one
An optical instrument used for small angular differences
Provides very sensitive and accurate approach
Application
Measurement of straightness and flatness
Precise angular indexing
Assessment of squareness
Parrallelism of components
IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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IPE 381
Angular Measurement
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IPE 381
