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Dentifrice: A Semi-Aqueous Material For Removing Naturally-Occuring Deposits From The Teeth

This document discusses the components of toothpaste. It describes 8 main components: 1) humectants like glycerol and sorbitol, 2) surfactants/detergents like sodium stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate, 3) abrasives like calcium carbonate and silica, 4) colorants like titanium dioxide, 5) binders like sodium CMC, 6) sweeteners like sodium saccharin, 7) flavors, and 8) therapeutic agents like fluoride, anti-sensitivity compounds, and anti-plaque compounds. The purpose of these components is to remove deposits from teeth, provide texture and taste, and deliver therapeutic benefits.

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102 views11 pages

Dentifrice: A Semi-Aqueous Material For Removing Naturally-Occuring Deposits From The Teeth

This document discusses the components of toothpaste. It describes 8 main components: 1) humectants like glycerol and sorbitol, 2) surfactants/detergents like sodium stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate, 3) abrasives like calcium carbonate and silica, 4) colorants like titanium dioxide, 5) binders like sodium CMC, 6) sweeteners like sodium saccharin, 7) flavors, and 8) therapeutic agents like fluoride, anti-sensitivity compounds, and anti-plaque compounds. The purpose of these components is to remove deposits from teeth, provide texture and taste, and deliver therapeutic benefits.

Uploaded by

AmniAzmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DENTIFRICE

Dr Thulfiqar
Dental Material
Block 4

A semi-aqueous material for removing naturally-occuring


deposits from the teeth
CONTENT
1) Objective & Deposits on teeth
2) Component of a toothpaste
i. Water
ii. Humectant
iii. Surfactant / detergent
iv. Abrasive
v. Colorant
vi. Binder (thickening agent)
vii. Flavoring
viii. Sweetener
ix. Therapeutic agent
OBJECTIVE & DEPOSITS ON TEETH
• Objective: To achieve a clean substrate
• Deposits:
1) Plaque – a soft (mainly bacterial film
2) Pellicle – a protein containing film of salivary
origin. May be stained. It is thought that ferric
sulphide is an important component in pellicle
staining. Fe is derived from diet & S is from
denatured protein in pellicle
3) Calculus – a deposit involving both inorganic
& organic component. (Inorganic: Calcium
phosthate; Organic: protein & lipid)
• Plaque can be removed via the use of toothbrush
/ water & flossing.
• Pellicle need use of soap, detergent together with
an appropriate abrasive
• Calculus cannot be effectively removed by
brushing
• Modern dentifrice, presented as paste, contain a
number of components, which may include
i. Anticariogenic (fluoride),
ii. Antidentine hypersensitivity
iii. Antibacterial agent
1) HUMECTANT
• Composition: Short chain polyalcohol
• Function:
1) To prevent dessication of materials
2) Preventing microbial contamination
3) Glycerol – giving a warming sensation
4) Sorbitol – giving a cooling sensation
2) SURFACTANT / DETERGENT
• Composition: Sodium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate
• Properties: hydrophilic & lypophilic (fatty deposits can
be solubilize) – can be used in hard water
• Function:
1) To prevent dessication of materials
2) Preventing microbial contamination
3) Glycerol – giving a warming sensation
4) Sorbitol – giving a cooling sensation
5) Help in dispersing the flavor
6) Lower the surface tension of solution – so that
material can contact the teeth easily
3) ABRASIVE
• Composition: calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide,
calcium phosphate & amorphous silicon dioxide
• Properties: hydrophilic & lypophilic (fatty deposits can
be solubilize) – can be used in hard water
• Degree of abrasiveness is depend on:
1) Hardness of abrasive
2) Morphology of particles
3) Concentration of abrasive in paste
• Function:
1) Effective removal of pellicle, plaque & polishes
tooth surface
4) COLORANT
• Composition: titanium dioxide (white titanium)
• Properties: opaque / transparent

5) BINDER / THICKENING AGENT


• Composition: Sodium CMC (carboxyl-methyl-cellulose),
hydroxyl-methyl- cellulose
• Long chain molecules
• Function:
1) Prevent the solids separating in the preparation
2) Hinder the gravity induced movement of solids
towards the bottom of container
6) SWEETENER
• Composition: sodium saccharinate (artificial)

7) FLAVOUR
• Composition: Water insoluble essential oils (oil of
spearmint, peppermint etc)
• Represent 60% of main cost
• They are solubilized and dispersed though the paste via
detergent
8) THERAPEUTIC AGENT

Fluoride
• Example: Sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium
monofluorophosphate
• Incorporation of F- into surface enamel appears to be
associated with a reduced incidence of dental caries.
Due to reduced acid solubility of fluoroapatite
compared with hyroxyapatite
Anti-Dentin Hypersensitivity Agent
• Example: Strontium, silver, zinc, fluoride, formaldehyde
& eugenol
• Indication: Patient with cervical sensitivity (open tubule
at the exposed dentine surface)

Anti-Bacterial / Anti-Plaque / Tartar control


• For antibacterial/plaque: Citrate trihydrate, hexetidine,
amyloglucosidase, glucose oxidase & potassium
thiocyanate
• For tartar control: Disodium pyrophosphate,
tetrasodium pyrophosphate & tetrapotassium
pyrophosphate

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