feeding systems for livestock and
poultry
Lecture #. 2 G M Lochi
Fundamentals
• Animals
• Ruminants (Large & small)
• Non Ruminants
• Carnivore
• Poultry
Feed
• Grasses
• Hay, Silage, Wheat straw
• Grain
• Byproducts
• Concentrates
Tethering
• Method in which animals are
tied with rope with a slip knot
to the peg in particular area
• This method facilitates limited
animals or one r two animals
• Mostly used to fed goat as for
other animals.
• Change of location of animal is
necessary
Tethering
• Temporary shelter
• It helps to keep animal out
door feeding
• Area should be free from
parasites
Extensive/ Range system
• Common throughout the world
• Small former and landless take
their animals together walk
long distance in search of feed
• Size of flocks in larger which
may includes animals of
several former.
• 8-9 hrs grazing enough for the
maintenance of their body but
not for growth
Extensive/ Range system
• This method also increase soil
fertility
• Help to control the weeds
• Economical, decrease loss of
capital
Semi intensive system
• This method is combination of
intensive and extensive
• Limited range grazing allow
with stall feeding.
• 4 hrs allow to feed
• Animals are offered tree
leaves, hay, dry, green fodders
etc.
• Level of nutrition is better
than extensive
Semi intensive system
• Mating of animals should be
controlled by separating of
both sexes.
• Control off flavor off milk
intensive system
• It is involves confinements of
animals,
• Under stall feeding
• Feed only cultivated feed and
concentrates
• This systems is suited for areas
where fields are limited.
• Mating is controlled
intensive system
• In this method maximum
production achieved.
• Easily detection of heat
• Enhance production
• Reduce parasitic infection
Methods of feeding in poultry
• Whole Grain Method
• This method birds are allowed
to have a required ingredients
kept them separate container
• This system permit birds to
balance their ration according
to individual.
• It appear doubtful
• Abandoned method and no
advantages
Grain & Mash method
• This method is slightly better
than previous one.
• Grain mixed with balance
mash.
All Mash Method
• Mix all ingredients with a
balance.
• use in cage system
• Desire for all poultry
• No selection for animals
Pellet method
• Made from mash under high
pressure
• Hard and cylindrical in shape
• 10% expensive than mash
Restricted or control feeding
• Restricted feeding for pullet
during 6-20 weeks as compare
to ad-lib.
• Advantages
• Reduce feed cost
• Delay sexual maturity
• Improve egg production curve
