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Assessment of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

This document discusses the assessment of renal and urinary tract function. It describes the key functions and structures of the renal system including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It also outlines various diagnostic studies used to evaluate the system such as urinalysis, renal function tests, ultrasounds, CT/MRI scans, and biopsies. Finally, it discusses nursing considerations for patients undergoing these diagnostic tests including assessing their knowledge, fears, voiding habits, and providing education, pain management, and privacy.

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2K views19 pages

Assessment of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

This document discusses the assessment of renal and urinary tract function. It describes the key functions and structures of the renal system including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It also outlines various diagnostic studies used to evaluate the system such as urinalysis, renal function tests, ultrasounds, CT/MRI scans, and biopsies. Finally, it discusses nursing considerations for patients undergoing these diagnostic tests including assessing their knowledge, fears, voiding habits, and providing education, pain management, and privacy.

Uploaded by

okacia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assessment of Renal and

Urinary Tract Function


Renal and Urinary System
• Function to maintain the body’s state of homeostasis
by regulating fluid and electrolytes, removing wastes,
and providing hormones involved in red blood cell
production, bone metabolism, and control of blood
pressure.
• Structures:
– Kidneys
– Ureters
– Bladder
– Urethra
Kidneys, Ureters, and Bladder
Internal Structure of the Kidney
Nephron
Formation of Urine
• Renin
Angiotensin
System
Renin Angiotensin System
Diagnostic Studies
• Urinalysis and urine culture
• Renal function tests

• Ultrasonography
• CT and MRI
• Nuclear scans
• Intravenous urography, retrograde pyelography,
cystography, renal angiography

• Endoscopic procedures
• Biopsies
Cystoscopic Examination
Nursing Care of the Patient Undergoing
Diagnostic Testing of the Renal-Urologic System
—Assessment
• Patient knowledge
• Psychosocial and emotional factors; fear, anxiety
• Urologic function, include voiding habits/pattern
• Fluid intake
• Hygiene
• Presence of pain or discomfort
• Allergies
Nursing Diagnoses
• Knowledge deficient
• Pain
• Fear
Nursing Care of the Patient Undergoing
Diagnostic Testing of the Renal-Urologic System
—Planning

• Patient goals may include


understanding of procedures,
tests and expected behaviors;
decreased pain or absence of
discomfort; and decreased
apprehension and fear.
Interventions
• Patient teaching: providing a description of the tests
and procedures in language the patient can
understand.
• Use appropriate, correct terminology.
• Encourage fluid intake unless contraindicated.
• Instruct in methods to reduce discomfort; sitz baths,
relaxation techniques.
• Administer analgesics and antispasmodics as
prescribed.
• Assess voiding and provide instruction related to
voiding practices and hygiene.
• Provide privacy and respect.
Question

Is the following statement True or False?


Urea is an abnormal constituent of urine.
Answer

False
Urea is not an abnormal constituent of urine.
Glucose is an abnormal constituent of urine
Question

What is the normal adult bladder capacity?


A. 50 – 100 mL
B. 100 – 200 mL
C. 300 – 500 mL
D. 600 – 800 mL
Answer

The normal adult bladder capacity is 300 – 500 mL of


urine.
Question

A 24-hour urine collection is scheduled to start


at 1 am. When should the nurse start the
procedure?
A. At 1 am, with or without a specimen.
B. At the first specimen that was voided at 4 am.
C. 2 hours after the urine was discarded.
D. After discarding the 1 am specimen.
Answer

A 24-hour urine collection that starts at 1 am


begins after discarding the 1 am specimen

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