Scribd
Upload
74 views13 pages

Catheterization

Catheters are inserted when urine cannot be eliminated naturally and come in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Catheters are used to relieve urinary tract obstructions, assist with post-operative drainage, monitor urine output, promote drainage for neurogenic bladders or retention, and prevent leakage for pressure ulcers. Indwelling catheters require a closed drainage system to prevent contamination and reduce infection risk, while being careful during cleaning and changing. Suprapubic catheters provide an alternative drainage route that may allow earlier voiding after surgery and greater comfort and mobility compared to urethral catheters.

Uploaded by

sharon ochara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
74 views13 pages

Catheterization

Catheters are inserted when urine cannot be eliminated naturally and come in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Catheters are used to relieve urinary tract obstructions, assist with post-operative drainage, monitor urine output, promote drainage for neurogenic bladders or retention, and prevent leakage for pressure ulcers. Indwelling catheters require a closed drainage system to prevent contamination and reduce infection risk, while being careful during cleaning and changing. Suprapubic catheters provide an alternative drainage route that may allow earlier voiding after surgery and greater comfort and mobility compared to urethral catheters.

Uploaded by

sharon ochara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Catheterization

Introduction

 Catheters are inserted when urine cannot be


eliminated naturally.
 Catheters may be inserted directly into the

bladder, the ureter, or the renal pelvis.


 Catheters vary in size, shape, length, material,

and configuration.
 The type of catheter used depends on its

purpose.
Reasons for Performing Catheterization

 Relieve urinary tract obstruction


 Assist with postop drainage in urologic and

other surgeries
 Provide a means to monitor accurate urine

output in critically ill pts


 Promote urinary drainage in pts with

neurogenic bladder or urine retention


 Prevent urinary leakage in pts with stage III to

IV pressure ulcers
 Catheterization commonly leads to UTI - a pt
should be catheterized when absolutely
necessary.
 Catheters impede most of the natural

defenses of the lower urinary tract by –


 Obstructing the periurethral ducts
 Irritating the bladder mucosa
 Providing an artificial route for organisms to

enter the bladder


Indwelling Catheters

 When an indwelling catheter is used, a closed


drainage system is essential.
 This drainage system is designed to prevent

any disconnections, thereby reducing the risk


of contamination.
 The spout (or drainage port) of any urinary

drainage bag can become contaminated when


opened to drain the bag.
 Bacteria enter the urinary drainage bag,
multiply rapidly, and then migrate to the
drainage tubing, catheter, and bladder.
 By keeping the drainage bag lower than the

pt’s bladder and not allowing urine to flow


back into the bladder, the risk is reduced.
Care of the Indwelling Catheter

 Clean around the area where catheter enters


urethral meatus with soap and water during
the daily bath to remove debris.
 Avoid using powders and sprays on the

perineal area.
 Avoid pulling on the catheter during cleaning.

 Change catheter according to the needs of pt

– follow facility policy.


 Wash hands b4 and after handling the
catheter and drainage system and between
pts.
 Know pts at risk of infection –

 Female, elderly, debilitated, critically ill


 Postpartum
 Pts with obstructed neurologically impaired

bladders.
Suprapubic Catheters

 Suprapubic catheterization establishes


drainage from the bladder by introducing a
catheter percutaneously or by an incision
thro’ the anterior abdominal wall into the
bladder.
 Suprapubic bladder drainage may be

maintained continuously for several weeks.


Indications for Suprapubic Catheterization

 Acute urinary retention when urethral


catheterization is not possible
 Urethral trauma, stricture, or fistula

 Divert flow of urine from the urethra

 Obtaining an uncontaminated urine specimen

for culture
Advantages of Suprapubic Drainage

 Pts can usually void sooner after surgery than


those with urethral catheters.
 Pts may be more comfortable.

 The catheter allows greater mobility

 The catheter permits measurement of

residual urine without urethral


instrumentation.
 The catheter presents less risk of bladder

infection.

You might also like