Scribd
Upload
372 views18 pages

Lab Coagulation & Thickener Design

The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

Uploaded by

hadeer osman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
372 views18 pages

Lab Coagulation & Thickener Design

The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

Uploaded by

hadeer osman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Lab-Scale Coagulation and

Flocculation Experiments
&
Thickener Design
Jar Test
 The jar test is the most common laboratory
coagulation/flocculation tests and consists of:
 placing a sample of the wastewater in a jar:
 rapidly adding the coagulant and intensely
 mixing the sample for a short time
(coagulation/destabilization phase);
 allowing the floc to form under gentle mixing
conditions (flocculation phase)
 allowing the floc to sediment in the quiescent sample
(define specific settling time and rate)
 comparing the turbidity of the sample with the
initial turbidity
Jar Test Apparatus
The Objectives of Jar Test
Experiment
 Optimizing dosage and pH for efficient
coagulation/flocculation
The Objectives of Jar Test
Experiment
 Optimizing turbidity and pH for efficient
coagulation/flocculation
The Objectives of Jar Test
Experiment
 Optimizing turbidity and dose for efficient
coagulation/flocculation
The Objectives of Jar Test
Experiment
 Furthermore,

 The intensity of the mixing


 The effect of the other counter-ions and co-ions
 The effect of the aquacomplex formation
 The settling rate of the suspension
 The final volume of the thickened/sedimented portion

 CAN BE OPTIMIZED depending on the technical


requirements.
Determination of Thickener Area
Determination of Thickener Area
THICKENER DESIGN
1ST STEP: SEDIMENTATION EXPERIMENT
IN LAB
The rate of fall of the interface between
the pulp and clarified solution being
timed.
THICKENER DESIGN
1ST STEP: SEDIMENTATION EXPERIMENT
IN LAB
THICKENER DESIGN
2ND STEP: DRAWING THE SEDIMENTATION
CURVE
MUDLINE HEIGHT VS TIME
THICKENER DESIGN
3RD STEP: FINDING CRITICAL POINT (c) & tU
THICKENER DESIGN
4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
AREA & DIAMETER

1- 2- Find tu and Calculate


UNIT AREA for thickener from
the previous sedimentation
initial height and concentration curve.
of suspension

height and concentration


of sediment at a given time (t)
THICKENER DESIGN
4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
AREA & DIAMETER

3- Calculate required total thickener area for the given capacity


(feed rate)

W : T/H
A1 C0 : T/M3
H0 : M
Tu : H

4- As an engineer, always include safety factor in such calculations!

A2 = 1.2 X A1
THICKENER DESIGN
4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
AREA & DIAMETER

5 – Calculate the diameter of thickener from the area.


W : T/H
C0 : T/M3
A1 H0 : M
Tu : H

From the calculated area,


you can find the radius and the diameter of
the thickener.
PROBLEM
CALCULATE THE REQUIRED UNIT THICKENER AREA FOR THE
SUSPENSION WHICH CONTAINS 25% solids. (C0:0.1 T/M3)
Why is the thickener design
important ?

You might also like