BASIC
INTELLIGENCE
YAP JR. CESAR L.
CLIFFORD PACIENTE
DHAGS LOVELESS OMBAO LOUIE
DHEXTHER ERMINO
MOBIDO FYREN JHAY
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Definition of Terms
1. Intelligence – an end product (knowledge)
resulting from the recording, evaluation, analysis,
integration and interpretation of information
concerning an enemy whether actual or potential to
include weather and terrain in the area of operation.
- the activity involved in the
production of that end product which includes
collection, processing, dissemination and use of the
knowledge.
2. Counter-Intelligence – denies information to
the enemy, increases the security of the
command and aids in achieving surprises. It
consists passive and active measures.
Intelligence Cycle – Intelligence work is
a continuous process. It is a repetition of
what has transpired or become known.
There is neither a beginning nor an end.
There is no first nor last phase, hence a
cycle
II. PRINCIPLES OF
INTELLIGENCE
A. General
- Intelligence operations are influenced by such element
of the operational units as the commander’s mission limitation
imposed by national policy or higher commands, scale of use of
weapons, the locality, the nature of friendly and enemy forces
and the civil population in the area.
B. Commander’s Need
- Different Commanding Officer need information on
different geographical areas. Some of their needs,
however, are from overlapping areas. Plans, orders and
request are concerned with definite area, particularly the
area of influence of the command.
C. Planning
- Intelligence requires careful and thorough planning. It
includes the anticipation of intelligence needs the
organization to fulfill the needs and supervision of the
organization. It is continuous and must be adopted to
changing conditions.
D. Use
- Intelligence must be adequate for the purpose for which
it utilized.
E. Timeliness
- Intelligence must reach the user on time to serve as a
basis for appropriate action.
F. Flexibility
- Intelligence activities are based on reason and judgment
and not on fixed procedures.
G. Security
- Constant security measures must be undertaken to deny
unauthorized personnel information about operations,
sources of information and the intelligence product.
H. Imagination, Foresight and Resourcefulness
- for intelligence personnel and agencies should use
resourcefulness for future intelligence needs so that all
available information can be developed and exploited to
produce intelligence for the user.
I. An Integral Part of Military Operations
Intelligence activities are integral parts of the operations
of all units, both combat and service.
J. Continuity
- The basic principle of intelligence operations is that
intelligence activities follows a simple continuous Cycle.
K. Intelligence as a cycle
- All intelligence activities generally follow a three phase
cycle oriented to the commander’s mission. This cycle is
continuous and all steps are carried out at the same time.
III. INTELLIGENCE CYCLE
Intelligence Cycle is the sequence of steps that
raw information has to go through before it is
processed into useful intelligence ready to be
disseminated and used by the units needing
them.
1. Collection Planning and Issuance of
Orders
- This step involves the development of a plan for the
collection effort, which is in accordance with the mission
of the unit and the present enemy situation. The
collection of needed information are then sent to the
selected “collection agencies” which are friendly units and
organization who are in a position to gather them. The
intelligence collection planning must be a continuous
effort and must begin even before the receipt of orders
from higher headquarters.
2. Collection of information
- This step is the implementation of the collection plan
and involves the effort of the intelligence sections of the
unit to obtain adequate information regarding the enemy
and the actual situation in the area of operation. Here are
the recommended procedures to be followed in reporting
information collected about the enemy:
A. Essential Elements of Information
(EEI).
It is the responsibility of the individual soldier in the field
to report quickly, completely and accurately all
information, which he has gathered about the enemy. The
following essential elements of the information should be
included in the report: WHAT, WHERE AND WHEN.
Answers to these questions will be aid the intelligence
personnel in processing your information.
Example:
What - fifteen(15) rebels in black uniform,
traveling NE on logging road towards the town of
Pantao,Ragat,
Where - Temporary halted at hill 124 GC 213524
When - 181030H Apr 2003
B. Format
- a more comprehensive way on how to report information
about enemy is to follow the S-A-L-U-T-E format:
S-Size…………..Enemy Company of about 80 infantry
A-Activity……..digging mortar emplacement and laying land
mines
L-Location……..On a ridge at GC 81238180
U-Unit…………..3rd Coy, National Guard Battalion
T- Time…………191600H Jul 2002
E- Equipment…4 tubes 81 mm mortar 2 units .50 Cal MG, 50
Units M16 Rifles and assorted anti tank weapon
3. Processing of information
- It is the step of the intelligence cycle wherein all
gathered information is deliberately processed to
transform them into useful intelligence . The
processing of information involves the following:
A. Recording
- The process of arranging the gathered
information into systematic patterns to facilitate
its evaluation and interpretation. Recording is
done through the entry of the information into
the intelligence journals, workbooks, information
or reference files and the order of the battle.
B. Evaluation
- This process involves the careful examination of
the gathered information to determine its
accuracy and pertinence to the desired product of
the intelligence effort. Information is considered
pertinent if it concerns the enemy, it relates to
the characteristics of the area of operation, and it
is needed immediately, or has possible present or
future value.
1. Reliability of Information
A – Completely Reliable
B – Usually Reliable
C – Fairly Reliable
D – Not usually, Reliable
E – Unreliable
F – Reliability Cannot be Judge
2. Veracity of Report
G – Confirmed by Other Sources
H – Probably True
I – Possibly
J – Doubtful
K – Improbable
L - Truth
3. Dependability of Source
M – Direct Observation
N – Provided by Penetration/Resident Agent
O – AFP Troops Involved in Encounter/Operation
P – Acquired Through Interrogation of Captured
enemy
Q – Provided by Government Civilian Employee
R – Provided by Members of the Populace
S – Acquired from Documentary Source
C. Interpretation
- This process involves the determination of the
evaluated information and the deliberate and
logical drawing of its probable meaning. The
interpretation process basically consists of the
sub-processes of Analysis, Integration and
Deduction.
D. Dissemination and Use
- The resulting intelligence will only be of value when
it is promptly disseminated to and immediately
received and put to use by the receiving units. It is
therefore very necessary to have an efficient
intelligence dissemination plan in order that all
processed intelligence are provided to units who may
have use for them at the soonest possible time.
Proper dissemination will also provide knowledge on
how newly gathered information in other intelligence
units may be processed.
END
