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Indian Grassland Ecosystem Guide

The document discusses the Indian grassland ecosystem. It notes that grasslands cover about 25% of the earth's land surface and are important terrestrial ecosystems. It then describes the different types of grasslands in India, including sub-Himalayan, montane, tropical savannas, riverine alluvial, coastal, and wet grasslands. The grasslands of Palamau Tiger Reserve in India provide habitat for threatened species like the Bengal Florican and support biodiversity. Management and conservation of these grasslands is important.

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106 views16 pages

Indian Grassland Ecosystem Guide

The document discusses the Indian grassland ecosystem. It notes that grasslands cover about 25% of the earth's land surface and are important terrestrial ecosystems. It then describes the different types of grasslands in India, including sub-Himalayan, montane, tropical savannas, riverine alluvial, coastal, and wet grasslands. The grasslands of Palamau Tiger Reserve in India provide habitat for threatened species like the Bengal Florican and support biodiversity. Management and conservation of these grasslands is important.

Uploaded by

Bird Mania
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Indian Grassland Ecosystem

Shailesh Prasad, IFS (PCCF retd.)


Grasslands
• An ecosystem that starts with grasses as the
primary producers can be called as a grassland
ecosystem.

• Grasslands cover about 25% of the earth's land


surface..

• Most important component of any terrestrial


ecosystem

Harindigwa Grassland PTR


Types of Grasslands

• Sub-Himalayan Grasslands

• Montane Grasslands

• Tropical Savannas

• Riverine Alluvial Grasslands

• Coastal Grasslands

• Wet Grasslands
Significance of grasslands
• show rapid reproduction and are adaptable to different
climatic conditions

• major producers of the energy required on the earth

• act as sinks for many nutrients in the environments

• act as soil binders

• natural fertilizers after they die

• habitat to hundreds of animals and birds of India


Major Fauna of the Grassland Ecosystem
• The Bengal Florican

• One-horned Rhinoceros

• Pygmy Hog, Hispid Hare

• Wild Buffalo

• Hog Deer

• Swamp Deer in Terai grassland

• The Great Indian Bustard in dry, short


grasslands

• The Lesser Florican in monsoonal


grasslands of western India

• The Nilgiri Tahr in the shola grasslands


Grasslands of PTR
• Grasslands of the Palamau Tiger
Reserve are a wonderful refuge for
several threatened species of India.

• It covers an expanse of 1282 ha in


the entirety of PTR. Teno Lukuiya

• Several grasslands like Harindigwa,


Teno, and Lukuiyan have been
recognized as important locations
for soft releases.

Harindigwa
Why PTR needs Grasslands?

• To enhance the bird diversity of the entire


region.
• To enhance the ungulate diversity of the entire
region.
• To provide a good ambience for other wild
animals
• To prevent erosion of soil
Common Grasses of PTR

Anadropogon muricatus Cyanodon dactylon


(Cuscus grass) (Bermuda grass)
Cont..

Eragrotis cynosuroides Saecharun spontaneum


(Kush grass) (Kans grass)
Cont..

Imperata cylindrica Cyperus rotundus


(Chorat grass) (Motha grass)
Management of Grasslands

• Develop a grazing plan.

• Educate stakeholders.

• Regular soil tests to assess the nutrient levels


in the soil.

• Control invasive species, such as weeds.

• Manage the water resources within the


grassland area.
Threats
• Expansion of agriculture
• Conversion of grasslands into farmland.
• Overgrazing
• Urbanization
• Invasive species.
• Climate change.
• Mining and quarrying.
Conservation

• Protected areas provide a safe haven for many species.

• Restoring degraded grassland habitats increases the biodiversity.

• Conservation tillage and crop rotation, can help to reduce the impact of
agriculture.
Cont..

• Sustainable livestock management practices.

• Educating the public.

• Collaborative efforts between government agencies, NGOs, local communities,


and private organizations.
Thank You

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