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Industrial Chimney Venting Guide

The document discusses chimneys, which vent hot gases from boilers, stoves, and fireplaces to the outside atmosphere. Chimneys are typically vertical to allow smooth gas flow assisted by draft fans. Flue gases are produced by combustion and contain pollutants. There are three main venting systems: natural draft uses heated gases rising through the chimney, direct venting forces gases out of a vent, and mechanical draft uses fans to create a draft. Chimney diameter and height are calculated using gas laws to properly vent gases while preventing pollution.

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69 views9 pages

Industrial Chimney Venting Guide

The document discusses chimneys, which vent hot gases from boilers, stoves, and fireplaces to the outside atmosphere. Chimneys are typically vertical to allow smooth gas flow assisted by draft fans. Flue gases are produced by combustion and contain pollutants. There are three main venting systems: natural draft uses heated gases rising through the chimney, direct venting forces gases out of a vent, and mechanical draft uses fans to create a draft. Chimney diameter and height are calculated using gas laws to properly vent gases while preventing pollution.

Uploaded by

DL Arts
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHIMNEY

- self standing structure for venting hot gases from a boiler to the outside atmosphere and to disperse
them at a considerable height. Chimney also refers to a system for venting hot gases and smoke from a
stove, furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere. “They are typically almost vertical to ensure the hot
gases flow smoothly”, drawing air into the combustion through convention or forced by fans”.
The gas flow on each boiler is assisted by FORCED DRAFT FANS forcing the atmospheric air into combustion
chamber and also assisted by INDUCED DRAFT FANS sucking out the combustion gases from the combustion
chamber.

“Flue gases are produced when coal, fuel oil, natural gas, wood or any other fuel is combusted in an industrial
furnace or boiler”. Flue gas is usually composed of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water vapor as well as nitrogen and
excess oxygen remaining from the intake combustion air. It also contains a small percentage of pollutants such as
particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.
MAJOR VENTING SYSTEM:
Natural Draft Venting - where heated flue products naturally rise and go out a vent

Direct Venting – where flue products are forced out of a vent from air entering the
combustion chamber

Mechanical Draft Venting – where a draft is created with the help of a fan or other
mechanical device.
NOTE:
 When only a chimney is used, the system is a NATURAL DRAFT SYSTEM.
 When this is aided by an induced-draft or forced draft fan or both, the system is MECHANICAL DRAFT-
SYSTEM.
 Natural draft is normally used by small boiler, but large steam plants need mechanical-draft to handle the large
volume of air and gas products against resistance to flow.
 Their main role is to conduct waste gases and fly ash high enough to dilute them with air and reduce air
pollution nuisance.

Stack - name given to a steel chimney.


- The steel chimneys are made of steel plants and supported on foundation. The steel chimneys are cylindrical in
shape.

Functions of Chimney:
1. To dispose the exhaust gases at suitable height so that no pollution will occur in the vicinity.
2. To produce the necessary draft required for the flow of the gases.
CALCULATIONS OF CHIMNEY DIAMETER AND HEIGHT USING BASIC
GAS LAWS:
C A L C U L AT I N G C H I M N E Y D R A F T A N D C H I M N E Y A R E A
The capacity of a chimney depends on the potential chimney draft- the pressure difference created
by the inside and outside air temperature difference and chimney height- and the chimney area.
The pressure difference in the chimney pulls air and fuel gas from the boiler or fireplace through
the chimney and out of the building.

HEIGHT: H

Draft head/draft pressure/chimney draft; hw - the pressure difference created by the inside and outside air
temperature difference and chimney height.

- The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure existing in the furnace or flue gas
passage of a boiler is termed as draft. Draft can also be referred to the difference in pressure in the
combustion chamber area which results in the motion of the flue gases and the air flow.

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