The role and function of the dentist

maintaining the general health of the human body

Assistant Professor Sopho

Puturidze
ral health is an important part of general health,
hile affecting a person's quality of life throughout their life
 Common risk factors

mong the main risk factors for chronic diseases are:

bacco
alnutrition, especially high sugar intake
ck of physical activity
xcessive intake of alcohol

he mentioned risk factors also cause oral diseases.

 In recent decades:

veloped preventive measures,

storation technique
ntal materials

entulism is a significant problem worldwide

e to its high prevalence and associated limited opportunities
development of edentulism is influenced by various somatic diseases

ertension, asthma, arthritis, angina.

umatoid arthritis and edentulism share

mon genetic and environmental factors
Oral health affects many important human abilities:

chewing
sense of taste
facial expression
speaking
psycho-social behaviors
the quality of life
Edentulism is not an independent cause of death,
but it negatively affects a number of important opportunities,
ncluding:

n the nature of food

o talk
acial expression
on social integration
al health affects
person's self-confidence and social integration.
 in individuals with edentulism

ong with the decrease in vertical dimensions,

he chin is shifted forward
he face has a progeny view
evelops the so-called “elderly progeny"

is noted:
rooping of the corners of the lips
eduction of lip muscle tone
hinning of red lipstick
eepening of the nasolabial fold
he patient at rest has unhappy face appearance
 condition, among other factors,
ne of the important factors that influence the eating habits.

creased chewing power is one of the risk factors for eating disorders
he lack of teeth and the presence of dentures
ad to the restriction of the intake of foods that are difficult to chew,
uch as raw vegetables, fruits and meat.

adequate nutrition is a big problem for the health of the body

 pidemiological studies confirm that
ntake of fruits and vegetables is important and
as a positive effect on human health.

he nature of food is an important factor determining health.

osthetic status is not the only factor that affects the eating hab

en in the case of full dentures, it is possible to observe

rational nutrition, due to habit, taste acquisition,
cio-economic status.
ss of teeth leads to a decrease in the frequency of eating
w fruits and vegetables.

a result, serum beta-carotene, folic acid, and vitamin C levels are

arkedly lower in edentulous individuals due to malnutrition.

adequate dentures lead to deterioration of nutritional status

Maintaining oral health in the elderly is important
o that they can eat healthy foods, as eating disorders affect their
overall health and quality of life.

Adequate nutrition is especially important in the elderly.

Adequate nutrition in the elderly is extremely important

or maintaining general health
trition as a method of treatment is one of the most
portant issues in the treatment and prevention of somatic diseases.
In individuals with edentulism, chewing power is reduced,
which leads to restriction of intake of hard-to-chew foods.

The chewing ability is significantly related with the number

of teeth, with the quality of the prosthesis and
Oral health-related quality of life
ording to some studies, financial and socioeconomic status
uence food choices more than dental status
ording to various studies, orthopedic treatment has a great impact
he general health of the body.

ticatory abilities influence oral health-related quality of life in

viduals with removable partial dentures.
idemiological studies to determine the correlation between
al health and general health are conducted all over the world.
atisfactory oral hygiene conditions can lead to abscess,
, bacteremia, septicemia and chronic diseases,
plex somatic diseases, such as diseases of the cardiovascular system
stroke.
According to various scientific studies, local periodontal
diseases are independent risk factors:
Osteoporosis of
diabetes
Diseases of the cardiovascular system
Kidney diseases
dementia
Cancer
ung infections
Erectile dysfunctions
premature birth
Nutritional disorders
 diseases are associated with rheumatoid arthritis
immune system problems.

from various studies show the possible impact of

odontal diseases on dementia and cognitive impairment.

rding to some studies, periodontal diseases may have some

ence on Alzheimer's disease
nflammatory processes of the periodontium, as a result of
worsening of local gingivitis, may lead to bone destruction
and tooth loss.

Tooth loss is one of the most important factors affecting

he quality of life.
s been established that there are some kind of correlations
ween diabetes and periodontal diseases

hygiene and the course of periodontal diseases are relativel

ult in diabetic individuals.
ever, there was no significant difference in the prevalence
eriodontal disease
e pain caused by dental caries affects the quality of life,
cause the feeling of pain limits various types of physical activity.
cording to some studies, pain of odontological origin
n be more complicated and cause physical,
ychological and social limitations

ventually manifests itself in psychological infirmity,

pecially in the elderly population.

mely elimination of odontological pain is important

plete oral hygiene does not mean only cleaning teeth and dentures.

ning the tongue is a fairly simple procedure that can

ove the functioning of the digestive system
l health is considered one of the main factors in the
vention of aspiration pneumonia,
risk factors can be controlled in this way.
aque of teeth and dentures is a reservoir of respiratory pathogens,
derly people with poor oral hygiene are at particular risk.

a result of aspiration, oral microflora may enter the trachea or

ngs and cause inflammation.

e microflora of the oral cavity is responsible for the development

pneumonia, and respiratory diseases can be prevented
hygienic care of the oral cavity.
 result of professional cleaning, it is possible to eliminate candida
bacteria that colonize the oral cavity and are potential risk factors
he development of pneumonia.

, one of the important aspects of prevention of aspiration

umonia is the normalization of saliva secretion
 ration pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in
pitalized elderly patients.

ever, the elderly have fewer opportunities to maintain satisfactory

hygiene and complete dental treatment, resulting in worsening
odontitis, pain and an increase in the degree of tooth decay,
h ultimately leads to tooth loss.
cal infection in the periodontium may become an independent
k factor for the development of cardiovascular system diseases.

riodontal inflammation begins as a result of the action of pathogenic

cteria accumulated in the gum area

mple gingivitis can lead to bone destruction with corresponding

mplications

s manifested by shaking the tooth and subsequent extraction

he body's local reaction to pathogens is expressed by the locally
duced inflammatory infiltrate.

n the most difficult cases, the formation of a pathological pocket,

mage of the epithelium, then the transfer of microorganisms of
mouth, bacterial endotoxins, bacterial antigens
proinflammatory mediators to the blood circulation system.
 -joint diseases increase the relative chance of developing periodonta
ase,

e and joint diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis and

menopausal osteoporosis, are an important risk factor not only for
odontal diseases, but also for the development of peri-implantitis.

Poor oral hygiene is positively correlated with gastroenterogenic

diseases
• Some people have opportunities to get proper oral
treatment, they can replace loosed teeth with dental
implants or even with removable partial dentures.
• National health organizations should develop
policies and have defined goals to improve
oral health.
• The World Health Organization recommends
the development and implementation of
appropriate strategies in individual countries
to improve the oral health of the elderly
population.
 rices and availability of dental services, as well as the attitud
ctors, are closely related to the improvement of oral health.
Dentists should pay attention
• patient-centered solutions, diagnostic criteria
and stages of diagnosis
• To help patients and their families understand
the benefits of all types of tooth replacement
and treatment
entists should prioritize replacing missing teeth with
al implants.

he rational use of this method of treatment helps to

rove the quality of life of an elderly patient.
• Dental caries and periodontal diseases are a
major public health problem in most
countries.
• Epidemiological indicators of oral cavity
diseases show significant differences between
regions
• The prevalence of tooth loss and oral
problems varies widely between regions of World
Health Organization, depends on national
income
• Traditional oral self-care is common in various
African and Asian countries. While fluoridated
toothpastes are widely used in developed
countries, they are very rare in most
developing countries
• Dental services are available in developed
countries.
• The use of such services is low among older
people.
• Lack of financial support from the
government and/or less integration of oral
health into health systems limits access to
dental treatment for them
• According to data from different countries,
oral health promotion programs aimed at the
health of older persons are rare and this
reflects the lacks of the insurance systems.
• Although some countries have introduced oral
health promotion initiatives, there are
currently few population-based prevention
and treatment activities that focus specifically
on older adults worldwide.
• It is recommended that countries implement
oral health programs according to the needs of
the elderly. Relevant and measurable goals
should be set to improve their oral health.
• Common risk factors should be used in
public health interventions to prevent
disease.
• Integration of oral health into national health
programs may be effective in improving the
oral status and quality of life of the
population
• In order for the population of the country to
maintain oral health and a high quality of life,
it is important to encourage them and
increase their knowledge.
• One of the important strategies is to transfer
the necessary knowledge to the public so that
they can properly and fully take care of
themselves and prevent diseases.
alth education is considered to be one of the most important
ategies to adopt the habits needed to promote and maintain health
• Considering the presence of common rick-
factors of chronic diseases and oral diseases,
the World Health Organization recommends
combining the prevention and treatment of
oral diseases with somatic diseases in health
care programs.
rent programs were developed in Georgia, promoting the health
e population of Georgia

opping the increase in the incidence of diabetes,

ducing premature deaths from diabetes,
educing the morbidity, mortality and community spread of hepatitis
and tuberculosis
Thank you for attention!