DANDY A.
DAROCA
PLANNI
NG
B E F O R E A N Y T H I N G E L S E ,
P R E P A R A T I O N I S T H E K E Y T O
S U C C E S S .
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
THE NOTION OF PLANNING
Planning is one of the key elements of
management, next to organization, motivation
and control. Planning is always side with
decision-making and action that will lead to a
specific objective or goal.
Its Elements are:
Any corporation must have precise aim.
The purpose need to be truly defined so that
AIM it can information and direct the activities of
the enterprise.
Webster’s Dictionary defines goals as
“that toward which efforts is directed or OBJECTIVE
give up of motion or goal”.
A policy is a verbal, written or implied
POLICY simple guide that gives course to a supervisor
for action.
Procedures spell out the movements to
be taken out in exercise to attain the group’s PROCEDURE
goals as stated in the policies.
Methods are work plans, when you
consider that they provide the manner and
METHOD order, keeping the objectives, time and
amenities available.
Rules are specific from methods and
policies. A rule requires a unique and define
action be taken or not taken with recognize RULES
to a situation.
Budget involve both planning and control
element. Like the plan, price range is flexible,
BUDGET sensible and operates inside a framework.
In corporate planning strategy serves as
a grasp design which the business enterprise
adopts for the awareness of the objectives. PROGRAM
MYTHS ABOUT PLANNING
The length of time spent developing a
strategic plan and the likelihood of success
The higher the result, the in implementing it have little to do with it.
Our lookup has actually shown that there
more you plan can be poor correlation.
MYTHS ABOUT PLANNING
Strategic planning is an It has not to be. The proper planning
extremely painful and team, using the right approach,
enthusiastically strives for a strong strategy.
difficult process.
MYTHS ABOUT PLANNING
Stop the strategic plans
Many plans are sufficiently massive
on the dust collection and end up on the shelf. This strategic map
shelf. They don’t help becomes a powerful tool to communicate the
strategy, guide implementation and make
the company guide adjustments everyday.
everyday.
MYTHS ABOUT PLANNING
Excellent design gets The time spent on the “right” layout
is rarely worth the effort.
perfect results.
MYTHS ABOUT PLANNING
That’s what depends. If your senior
crew does not recognize the future course of
Enterprise, consultants your company, you may also need industry
must be experts to assist experts. However, if your senior group is
intelligent enough to determine your future
in advancing a desirable direction, you need consultants who can
plan. help you make the right choices in the right
order in a practical cycle time.
NATURE
AND SCOPE
It is a contribution to objectives
Since plans are made to attain desires or objectives, every format and all
its support ought to contribute to the fulfillment of the organization’s motive
and objectives.
It is primacy among the manager’s task
That planning is the top managerial function is proved by using the truth
that all other functions such as organizing are designed to support the
accomplishment objectives.
It is pervasiveness
Planning is a unique and regularly occurring characteristic of all managers.
The efficiency of resulting plans
The effectively of plan, however, capability its contribution to the motive
and objective, offset by means of fees.
F o u r F u n c t i o n s o f
PLANNI
NG
The protection objective reduce the risk by
Uncertainty off setting and change reducing uncertainty condition and clarifying the
actions.
Since all planning is aimed at achieving
Focus attention on goal company goal. Overall plans are considered to unify
interdepartmental activities.
Designing a plan reduces the expenses possible
To operate economically to be taken care of without sacrificing the efficiency
and consistency of the proposed work.
Managers cannot verify their subordinate
Making control easier achievements without setting targets to measure
against.
Advantages &
Limitations of
Planning
ADVANTA
GES
Attention on Objectives
Planning helps in without a doubt laying down goals of the organization.
Minimizing Uncertainties
Planning is continually done for the future. Nobody can predict accurately
what will happen in the future.
Better Utilization of Resources
Another benefit of planning is the better utilization of resources of the
business.
ADVANTA
GES
Economy in Operations
The targets are decided first and then first-rate possible course of action is
chosen reaching these objectives.
Encourages Innovations and Creativity
A higher planning system need to motivate managers to devise new ways
of doing the things.
LIMITATIO
NS
Lack of Reliable Data
Planning is based totally on a variety of information and figures supplied
to the planners.
Time Consuming Process
Practical utility of planning is once in a while decreased by means of the
time factor.
Expensive
The planning technique is very expensive. The gathering of data and trying
out of a range of guides of motion contain increased quantities of money.
LIMITATIO
NS
Sudden Emergencies
In case certain emergencies occur then the need of the hour is rapid action
and no longer develop planning.
Resistance to Change
Most of the persons, generally, do not like any change. Their passive
outlook to new thoughts becomes a difficulty to planning.
The Principles
of Planning
The planning process should be used by Principle of contribution to the
managers as a tool for achieving their objectives . objective
The planning process is the primacy function
of all managers in accordance with this ideology .
Planning Primacy
Involves the development of several
alternatives, and the planners then select the most Principles of alternatives
appropriate alternative to achieve the organizational
objectives.
The plans have the ability to make a significant
Navigational change principle
contribution to the achievement of the organizational
goals if the plans are timed correctly.
This principle requires flexibility in planning
this is very important because flexibility allows plans
Flexibility principles
to deal with the emergencies that can arise later .
Planning
Process
Setting Objectives
Targets can also be set for the organization as a whole and for each
department or unit within it.
Developing Premises
Planning is uncertain about the future and every planner uses conjecture
about what could happen in the future.
Identify alternative action paths
Assumptions are made once objectives are established. The next step is
make a difference.
Evaluate Alternative Courses
The next step is to assess each alternative’s advantages and disadvantages.
Providing Options
After you have selected the main plan, remember the alternatives that can
replace the first plan.
Back-up Action
Monitoring the plans is equally vital to the achievement of the objectives.
Categories &
Levels of
Planning
Operational Planning
This kind of planning usually describe s the daily happenings of the
company.
Strategic Planning
Strategic planning includes a high-level overview of the whole business.
Tactical Planning
Tactical planning supports strategic planning. It includes systems that the
organization plans to use to gain what’s outlined in the strategic plan.
Contingency Planning
Contingency plans are made when something sudden happens or when
something wants to be changed.
Levels of Planning
DANDY A. DAROCA
THANK
YOU
S O M U C H
