CHAPTER IV
LEARNERS WITH
HEARING
DIFFICULTIES
Presentors:
HAZEL MAE R. LUCERO
ROSELYN MACHICA
MARIKA GARCIA
LEARNERS WITH HEARING
DIFFICULTIES
LESSON 2.
LESSON 1 COMMUNICATION LESSON 3. INCLUSIVE
METHODS AND TEACHING STRATEGIES
TYPES OF HEARING ASSISTIVE TO ACCOMMODATE
DIFFICULTIES AND THEIR TECHNOLOGIES FOR LEARNERS WITH
CAUSES HEARING-IMPAIRED HEARING DIFFICULTIES
LEARNERS ABSTRACT
TYPES OF HEARING
DIFFICULTIES AND THEIR
CAUSES
Hearing impairment - refers to any degree of hearing loss,
ranging from mild to profound, which may affect an
individual's ability to perceive sounds accurately
Classification systems typically consider factors such as
the degree of hearing loss, the age of onset, and the cause of
impairment.
Classification of Hearing Impairment
1. Degree of Hearing Loss
Hearing loss is often categorized based on the severity of impairment,
measured in decibels (dB). The classifications typically include:
Mild Hearing Loss - Hearing loss ranging from 26 to 40 dB.
Individuals
may have difficulty understanding soft speech or speech in noisy
environments.
Moderate Hearing Loss - Hearing loss ranging from 41 to 55 dB.
Individuals may struggle to hear normal conversation and often require
amplification.
Moderate-Severe Hearing Loss - Hearing loss ranging from 56 to
70 dB.
Individuals may have significant difficulty understanding speech without
amplification.
Severe Hearing Loss - Hearing loss ranging from 71 to 90 dB.
Individuals
may rely heavily on lip-reading or sign language for communication.
Profound Hearing Loss - Hearing loss of 91 dB or greater.
Individuals
may have minimal or no residual hearing and rely primarily on visual
communication methods
2. Age of Onset
Congenital Hearing Loss - Hearing loss present at birth. It may be
hereditary or caused by prenatal factors such as infections or maternal
drug use.
Acquired Hearing Loss - Hearing loss that occurs after birth,
resulting
from factors such as aging, exposure to loud noises, infections, or
medical conditions
3. Cause of Impairment
Genetic Factors - Inherited conditions that affect the structure or
function
of the ear, leading to hearing loss.
Environmental Factors - Exposure to loud noises, occupational
hazards,
or ototoxic medications that damage the auditory system.
Medical Conditions - Infections, such as meningitis or otitis media,
tumors, or diseases affecting the auditory nerve or inner ear.
Aging Age - related hearing loss, known as presbycusis, is common
and
typically involves gradual deterioration of hearing sensitivity.
TYPES OF HEARING DIFFICULTIES
1. Conductive Hearing Loss
- occurs when sound waves cannot efficiently pass through the
outer and middle ear to reach the inner ear.
2. Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- results from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the
auditory nerve pathways leading to the brain.
3. Mixed Hearing Loss
- Mixed hearing loss involves a combination of conductive and
sensorineural hearing
loss, affecting both the outer/middle ear and inner ear or auditory
nerve.
PRELINGUAL AND POSTLINGUAL DEAFNESS
Prelingual Deafness – refers to deafness occurring at birth or
early in life before speech and language development.
Postlingual Deafness – refers to deafness occuriring after the
development of speech and language
IDENTIFICATION OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT
1.Screening Tests
Screening tests typically involve simple procedures, such as the
whisper test or the use of handheld audiometers, to detect the
presence of hearing loss.
2. Pure-Tone Audiometry
During the test, the individual wears headphones and responds to
tones of varying
frequencies and intensities by indicating when they can hear the
sound.
IDENTIFICATION OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT
3. Speech Audiometry
Speech audiometry evaluates an individual's ability to understand
speech under
different listening conditions.
4. Specialized Tests for Very Young Children
These tests may include behavioral observation audiometry, in which
the audiologist observes the child's behavioral responses to sound
stimuli, or objective measures such as otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
or auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing.
CAUSES OF HEARING DIFFICULTIES
1.Genetic Factors
2. Environmental Factors
3. Medical Conditions
4. Developmental Factors
COMMUNICATION METHODS AND ASSISTIVE
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEARING-IMPAIRED
LEARNERS
Sign Language
- Sign language involves using manual gestures, handshapes, and
facial expressions to convey meaning and communicate ideas.
Lipreading
- Lipreading, also known as speechreading, involves observing the
movements of a speaker's lips, facial expressions, and body language
to understand spoken language.
Written Communication
- Written communication involves using written or typed language to
convey information, ideas, and messages.
Visual Supports
- Visual supports, such as visual aids, diagrams, illustrations, or
multimedia presentations, provide additional visual information to
supplement verbal communication.
Assistive Listening Devices (ALDs)
- Assistive listening devices are technological devices designed to
improve auditory perception and communication for individuals
with hearing impairments.
Speech-to-Text Services- convert spoken language into written text
in real-time, allowing individuals with hearing impairments to access
auditory information through text-based
formats.
Assistive Technologies
Captioning and Subtitling - provide text-based representations of
spoken dialogue or audio content in videos, films, or multimedia
materials.
Assistive Listening Devices (ALDs) - such as personal amplifiers,
induction loop systems, or infrared systems, enhance auditory
perception and reduce background noise for hearing-impaired
individuals.
Speech Recognition Software - enables hearing-impaired students
to convert spoken language into text or written format.
Vibrating Alert Syste - such as vibrating alarm clocks, pager
systems, or notification devices, provide tactile feedback to hearing-
impaired individuals.
FM System - also known as a Frequency Modulation system, is an
assistive listening device designed to improve auditory perception and
communication for individuals with hearing impairments, particularly
in noisy environments or over distance.
INCLUSIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES TO
ACCOMMODATE LEARNERS WITH HEARING
DIFFICULTIES
1.Clear Communication Techniques
involve adopting strategies to enhance the clarity
and effectiveness of communication for learners with hearing
difficulties.
2. Utilization of Visual Supports Incorporate visual aids, such as
charts, diagrams, illustrations, or multimedia presentations, to
supplement verbal communication.
INCLUSIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES TO
ACCOMMODATE LEARNERS WITH HEARING
DIFFICULTIES
3. Peer Collaboration and Group Activities
Assign group projects or collaborative tasks that require
communication and
teamwork, providing opportunities for students with hearing
impairments to
engage with peers and develop social skills.
4. Assistive Technologies and Accommodations
Provide FM systems, personal amplifiers, or loop systems to amplify
sound and
reduce background noise, enhancing auditory perception for students
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!
