UNIT 2

LESSON 1 : UNDERSTANDING LANGUAGE IN EDUCATION POLICY

LESSON 2 : LANGUAGE IN EDUCATION POLICIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
THROUGH THE YEARS

GROUP 1
What is Language Policy
It is body of ideas, laws, regulations, rules, and practices intended to achieve the planned language
change in the societies, group, or system.

3 components of Language Policy

1. Language Practice/ Ecology

2. Language Belief/ Ideology

3. Language Management/ Planning

 3 components of Language Policy

1.Language Practices/ Ecology- refers to the actual use of language in everyday life. This
includes the ways in which people speak, write, read, and listen in different contexts.
Language practice is shaped by a variety of factors.

2.Language beliefs/ Ideology- refers to the attitudes, perceptions, and assumptions that
people hold about language. These beliefs can be conscious or unconscious, and they often
reflect broader social and cultural values.

3.Language Management/ Planning- refers to the conscious and deliberate efforts to

influence or control language use.
 What is Language Planning?

Language planning is a deliberate effort to influence the function, structure or

acquisition of languages or language varieties within a speech community.

The term language planning refers to measures taken by official agencies to influence
the use of one or more languages in a particular speech community.

Language planning involves the creation and implementation of an official policy about
how the languages and linguistic varieties of a country are to be used. David Crystal
(1996, p. 366)
WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE
ROLE OF LANGUAGE POLICY IN
EDUCATION?
 3 TYPES OF LANGUAGE PLANNING

1.Corpus Planning - 2.Status Planning - 3. Acquisition

activities such as the recognition by a Planning - planning
coining new terms, national government directed toward
reforming spelling and of the importance of increasing the number
adopting a new script. position of one of users speakers,
language in relation writers, listeners,
to others. readers of a language.
 The Fundamental Goal of Language Policy in Education.

Why is language policy important when it comes to

education?

•Learners will be able to learn in a very effective manner.

•Learners will become more competent and skilled.
•The language policy dictates the language use in
disseminating knowledge at various level is at the heart of
educational system.
Department of Education Culture and Sports (DECS)

• The policy was first implemented in 1974 when DECS issued Dept. Order No. 25, s. 1974
tided. "Implementing Guidelines for the Policy on Bilingual Education."
• Bilingual Education in the Philippines is defined operationally as the separate use of
Filipino and English as the media of instruction in specific subject areas.
• As embodied in the DECS Order No. 25, Pilipino (changed to Filipino in 1987) shall be
used as medium of instruction in social studies/social sciences, music, arts, physical
education, home economics, practical arts, and character education.
• Filipino- Araling Panlipunan , music, physical education home economics practical arts
character education.
• English - Sciences, mathematics, technology.
 Language in education policies primary concerned is to decide on
the medium of instruction that will be use in school. Specifically,
language in education policies addresses these issues.

1. What languages should be use in schools?

2. When do we start teaching these languages to the children"
3. How long these languages should be taught? How many years?
4. Who are qualified to teach these languages?
5. Who should learn these languages?
6. How will it be taught?
What do you think are the
main challenges in dealing with
linguistically diverse or
multilingual class and what to
teachers do to overcome these
challenges?
The first move that you will do if the students do not
understand the language?

•Rephrase your questions into a simpler form.

•Always be kind and supportive.
•Take every learner as he/she is unique
complex multi facade individual.
•Value all the learners.
LANGUAGE IN EDUCATION POLICIES IN THE PHILIPPINES THROUGH THE YEARS

Language Education Policy (LEP) is the

process through which the ideals, goals, and
contents of a language policy can be realized in
education practices.
S
P
A
N INSTRUCTION IN 1596 – the King of Spain (Felipe II) sent to Tello, governor
I
of the Philippine colony, an instruction which stated that learning of indigenous
S
languages by the friars was inadequate for missionary,instead the friars should
H
teach Spanish to natives.
C
O THE DECREE IN 1603 – requires the teaching of the Spanish language to the
L natives who were willing to learn, but at the same time the Crown government
O demanded friars to learn indigenous languages probably because some of friars
N were reluctant or incompetent to master indigenous languages.
I
Z THE DECREE IN 1634 – Felipe IV issued a decree demanding that the
A colonial government should teach Spanish to all natives.
T
I
O
N
S
P
A
N
I THE DECREE IN 1686 – Carlos II issued decree in which he complained that
S former decrees had not been observed and stated there would be punishment if
H not observed.
THE ORDINANCE 1768 – this ordinance asked the establishment of schools
C and prohibited any other language than Spanish in schools. It is stated that the
O official jobs could be given to those speaking Spanish as an incentive to learning
L of Spanish.
O EDUCATION ACT IN 1863 – prescribe that that Spanish was to be the sole of
N medium instruction in order to facilitate the needed to learn Spanish, so that
I literacy in Spanish appeared to be the major purpose of the curriculum. The
Z decree provided that natives who could not speak, read and write Spanish five
A years after the issuance were not to be permitted to hold salaried government
T positions.
I
O
N
 A
M
E
R
I
C After the Spanish , American War, the US Government sent Thomasites
A to the Philippines. They made it a point to teach English to the
N Filipinos.Every child from age 7 was required to register in schools
C located in their own town or province. The students were given free
O
school materials.
L
O
N 1925 – MONROE EDUCATIONAL COMMISION they found in the survey
I the slow progress of Filipino students in learning English in the school.
Z
A 1932 – the medium of instruction in primary education will be the
T native language on (1932-1933).
I
O
N
(1898-
1990)
C
O (1935-1942)
M
M
O
N
W 1936 - Commonwealth Act No. 184 - an act to establish a national
E language institute and define its powers and duties.
A November 1939 – they submitted the recommendation that “Tagalog”
L will be the official national language.
T
H 1937 Executive Order No. 134 - stating that the national language will be
C
based on Tagalog.
O
N
S 1940 Executive Order No. 263 - authorizing the printing of the dictionary
T and grammar of the national language, and fixing the day from which said
I language shall be used and taught in the public and private schools of the
T Philippines.
U
T
I
O
N
C
O (1935-1942)
M
M
O
N
W 1940 Commonwealth Act No. 570 Section 1 - The Filipino national
E language is declared as one of the official languages of the Philippines.
A
L 1940 Commonwealth Act No. 570 Section 2 - for the purpose of
T
this act, all textbooks for the primary schools written in the national
H
C
language or which are necessary for the propagation thereof, by the
O medium of public and private schools and other agencies and methods of
N popularization, shall be prepared under the supervision of the bureau of
S education, subject to the approval of the institute of national language in
T so far as its language form is connected.
I
T
U
T
I
O
N
J 1942-1945
A
P
A
Nippongo and culture were aggressively propagated. They
N
were offered as compulsory courses in schools.
E
The Commander –in-chief of the Japanese Imperial Forces
S
ordered the prohibition of the use of English.
E
1943 - Executive Order No. 10 - The Filipino language
P bloomed. It was used as the official language of the country
E from elementary to college level in teaching Philippine history
R and character education.
I
O
D
 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

ARTICLE XIV, SECTION 6 AND 7

-Provided the legal basis for the various language policies that are
being implemented in the country. Resolved the issue on the
national language is, since the 1935 and 1973 Philippine charter
were not clear about this.
 THE PHILIPPINE BILINGUAL EDUCATION POLICY(BEP)

The language policy of the Department of Education, Culture and Sports

(DECS) was issued in accordance with the 1987 constitutional mandate and a
declared policy of the National Board of Education (NBE) regarding
bilingualism in schools (NBE Resolution No. 73-7, s. 1973).

It was first Implemented in 1974 when DECS issued Order no. 25 s. 1974 titled
“Implementing Guidelines for the Policy on Bilingual Education”.
Proclamation No. 1041, s. 1997 and signed on July 15, 1997, by former
Philippine President Fidel V. Ramos. The Proclamation extended the
observance of Linggo ng Wika from Aug. 13 to 19, to the whole month.
 THE LANGUAGE POLICY OF THE COMMISION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

1994 Republic Act No. 7722 also called as the Higher Education Act 1994. Creating
Commission on Higher Education (CHED) was assigned.

K-12 Program and Mother Tongue – Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE).

K-12 program sought to build proficiency through language via MTB-MLE,
introduced in 2012. The mother tongue or first language refers to language or
dialects first learned by a child and with child identifies with.

• Kinder to Grade 3 Mother tongue is the medium of instruction.

• Grade 4-6 mother tongue transition program which English and Filipino are
introduced as media of instruction.
• Junior and Senior High School English and Filipino will become the primary
language of instruction.
 THE PHILIPPINE EDUCATION

3 levels of education- Elementary, High school and

tertiary.

The structural organization of the department of education is

consist of two main clears.

•The central office which carries out the overall administrative

function at the national level offices.

The department is headed by Education Secretary- Leonor Briones

• Undersecretary and assistant secretary.
 EDUCATION POLICY THROUGHOUT THE YEARS

1901- Education Act 74 - During 1937- 1914 Commonwealth

Monolingual Education Policy Period:

• The act created the department of • President- Manuel Quezon

public instruction laid the foundation • Tagalog English Vocabulary
of public school system in the •The grammar of the national
Philippines provided for the language of the Philippines entitled
establishment of the Philippine "Ang balarila ng wikang Pambansa"
Normal School in Manila. • The national language of the
• Made English as the medium of Philippine shall be taught in all
instruction. public and private school of the
country.
 EDUCATION POLICY THROUGHOUT THE YEARS

1957 1974 Bilingual Education Policy

•A new language policy was adopted in
Philippine school following a field of The BEP mandated the use of English
intensive research and experimentation on and Pilipino (changed to Filipino in the
which language to use best. 1987 Constitution) as media of
instruction in Philippine primary and
•The national language will be taught secondary schools.
informally in grade 1 and given emphasis
as a subject in higher grade. By the bilingual education policy
•English shall be taught as a subject in Filipino is the medium of instruction in
grades 1 and 2 and use as medium of schools for all subjects except natural
instruction beginning in grade 3. Science and Mathematics for which
English is used.
REFERENCES

https://www.scribd.com/document/564161627/6-EL-104-
Understanding-Language-Policy-in-Education

https://www.scribd.com/document/564161628/7-EL-104-
Language-In-Education-Policies-in-The-Philippines-
Through-The-Years
THANK YOU!
GROUP 1

ABBAS, ALYSSA
ABBAS, EIYE DEZZA
ASLIE, SORAIDA
BALESTIN, ADRIALYN
BUYO, MARYLYN
PERIA, RIZZA