ANJUMAN COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT PHASE -01(B)
Submitted by
1.Pathan Rozina Javed (15) 4.Tikade Prashik Pramod (24)
2.Rohit Gunwant Wankhede (02) 5. Fardin Hasan Khan (19)
3.Md Ameer Hamzah (20)
Under the guidance of
1.Dr. Ashfaque Ansari
2.Prof. S. Sohailuddin
3.Prof. M. Atif
CONTENTS
Introduction
Necessity
Methods
Reference
Design & Construction Of Rain Water
Harvesting (RWH) System for
ACET
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Rain Water Harvesting is the practice of Collecting and Storing rain water for use. It’s
a sustainable way to manage water resources and reduce reliance of conventional
water supplies. Also rainwater harvesting process helps in future use. This practice
have been utilized for centuries, with various methods adopted to different climate
and needs.
Generally RWH is technique for collection and storing rainwater to recharge ground
water. It can be low cost solution to water shortages especially in areas with poor
ground water or surface water Resources.
RWH structures can help slow falling water levels, particularly in the summer and
can also improve groundwater quality through dilution. However, the effectiveness of
Fig No.1 Rainwater Harvesting
NECESSITY
Rain Water Harvesting recognized as the cities practice for
managing water Resource effectively. Its necessity stems from a
combination of environmental, economical, and social factors
Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting, storing, and using
rainwater for various purposes. It's a practice that has gained
significant attention due to several critical factors.
Water Scarcity
Environmental Benefits
Economic Advantages
Improved Water Quality
1. Water Scarcity
Depleting Groundwater: Many regions around the
world face a rapid decline in groundwater levels due to
over-extraction and insufficient replenishment.
Seasonal Water Shortages In areas with distinct wet and
dry seasons, rainwater harvesting can help manage
water supply throughout the year. Increasing Demand
With growing populations and industrialization, the
demand for water is increasing, putting pressure on
existing freshwater resources
2. Environmental Benefits
Reducing Flooding and Soil Erosion By capturing
rainwater, rainwater harvesting systems reduce the
amount of stormwater runoff, which can lead to
flooding and soil erosion.
Conserving Natural Resources Harvesting rainwater
reduces the dependency on other water sources, such as
rivers and lakes, helping to preserve these ecosystems.
3. Economic Advantages
. Lower Water Bills: By using harvested rainwater for
non-potable purposes like irrigation, washing, and
flushing toilets, households and businesses can reduce
their reliance on municipal water supply, leading to
lower water bills.
Reduced Infrastructure Costs: On a larger scale,
rainwater harvesting can reduce the need for expansive
water supply infrastructure, which can be costly to
build and maintain.
4. Improved Water Quality
Non-Polluted Source: Rainwater is relatively clean and free from
many contaminants found in surface water or groundwater, making
it a good source for non-potable uses.
Less Chemical Use: With proper filtration and treatment, rainwater
can be used for drinking, reducing the need for chemical
treatments often required for other water sources.
5. Resilience to Climate Change
Adaptation Strategy: Rainwater harvesting is an effective way to
adapt to climate change, as it helps manage water resources in the
face of unpredictable rainfall patterns.
In drought-prone areas, storing rainwater during the rainy season
can provide a buffer during dry periods.
METHODS OF RAIN HARVESTING
Rainwater harvesting involves collecting and storing rainwater
for various uses. There are several methods to do this, each
suited to different environments and needs. Here are some
common methods
Surface Runoff Rainwater Harvesting Method
Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting Method
Check Dams
Recharge Wells
Rain Gardens
Underground Storage Tanks
Retention Ponds
1. Surface Runoff Rainwater Harvesting
Method
Surface runoff rainwater harvesting is a method of
collecting rainwater flowing along the ground during the
rains will be collected to a tank below the surface of the
ground for irrigation and other purposes. During storage
of rainwater, it is important to incorporate efficient and
effective water conservation methods i.e. by reducing
evaporation. It is a very easy to adopt technology and
very profitable if used accordingly. The main objective of
surface runoff rainwater harvesting method is to meet the
ever increasing demand of water, to reduce water
pollution, soil erosion and flooding of roads.
Fig No.2 Surface Runoff Harvesting
2. Roof Top Rainwater
Harvesting Method
Rooftop rainwater harvesting is a method of collecting rain
water where it falls and in which rain water is captured from the
roof catchments of domestic houses or commercial buildings
and stored in the tanks. Harvested rain water can either be stored
in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system to meet the
household/commercial needs through storage in tanks. This
method is simple, eco-friendly, less expensive and truly
effective. Roof-top rainwater harvesting method (RWH)
involves diverting and recharging (or) storing rainwater that falls
on the roof of a house/building. The main objective of rooftop
rain water harvesting is to make water available for future use,
to improve quality of ground water and etc.
Components:
Catchment Area: The roof acts as the catchment area.
Conveyance System: Pipes and gutters to transport the water.
Filtration System: Removes debris before storage.
Storage Tanks: Holds the harvested water for later use
Fig No.3 Roof top Harvesting
3. Check Dams
Description: Small, often temporary dams built across
gullies or streams to capture and store rainwater.
Supports groundwater recharge and reduces the
velocity of water flow, helping in erosion control.
Used in rural areas to recharge groundwater, prevent
soil erosion, and create water reservoirs for agriculture.
Fig No.4 check dams
4. Recharge Wells
Wells are dug specifically to recharge groundwater by
directing surface water into the underground aquifers in
fig no.5 Helps in maintaining the groundwater table
and can be integrated with existing borewells. Useful in
areas with declining groundwater levels
Fig No.5 Recharge Wells
5. Rain Gardens
Shallow, landscaped depressions that
capture and soak up rainwater from roofs,
driveways, and lawns. Used in urban
settings to manage stormwater, reduce
runoff, and improve water quality. Show in
The below fig no.6
Fig No.6 Rain Garden Layout
6. 6666Underground Storage Tanks
Large tanks buried underground to store
rainwater collected from rooftops or surface
runoff.
Used in both urban and rural areas for long-
term storage of rainwater, often used during
dry seasons.
Fig No.7 Rainwater Harvesting Tank
7. Retention Ponds
Artificial ponds or lakes designed to catch
runoff and hold rainwater. used in urban
areas to manage stormwater and reduce
the risk of flooding.
Fig No.8 Retention Pond
Reference
•by, A. O. (April-June, 2016). Sumedh R Kashiwar1. KVK, Sakoli,
Maharashtra.Krishi Sanskriti Publications.
•Campisano, A. (2017). Urban rainwater harvesting systems:
Research, implementation and. Catania, Italy: elsevier.
•J.R.Julius. (2013). RAINWATER HARVESTING (RWH) - A REVIEW.
Chennai, India: International Journal of Scientific .
•Kashiwar, S. R. (2016). An Overview on the Ground Water Recharge
by. Sriniketan- West Beangal: Krishi Sanskriti Publications.
•Keya, D. R. (2003). Rainwater harvesting. Erbil: Kurdish Scientific
Alliance.
•Magliano, P. N. (2015). Rainwater harvesting in Dry Chaco: Regional
distribution and local. Argentina: Journal of Arid Environments.
•N, S. (2011). Rainwater Harvesting as an Alternative Water Supply in
the Future. Selangor, Malaysia: European Journal of Scientific.
•Naik, P. K. (2024). Design plan for roof top rain water harvesting
system. Raipur, India: Science Direct.
•Singh, L. K. (2016). Multi-criteria analysis and GIS modeling for
identifying prospective. Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology
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