Family centered care
unit (iii)
Prepared by:
Taimoor wazir
Khan
Abdul Jabar Khan
Zia Ul Haq
Taimur Khan
Mussarat Nawaz
Uzair Khan
OBJECTIVES;
At the end of this lecture, the students will be able to:
• Discuss family and discuss its function
• Describe the types, structure /organization of a family
• Describe the different roles adopted by the family members
• Discuss the concept of boundaries, family power and decision
making
• Identify stressor prevalent within and outside the family
• Explain how copying mechanism can help to maintained family
functions
Conti….
• Differentiate between value and belief
• Identifying Pakistani values and belief
• Understand the importance of values and belief as a nurse
• Discuss the step of family centered nursing process
• Discuss the eight stages of family developmental life cycle
• Define the role/task of family members in each stage
• Discuss the role and function of nurse in a family centered care
Family:
Family;
Family is a group of two or more person related by birth, marriage
or adoption who reside in the same household – or a group who care
and love for each other
• Family is a group of individual who provide support to each other
• A group of individual who lives together and cooperate as a unit •
Edwards, J. O. (2009).
Types and structure of family:
• Extended family
• Nuclear family
• Single parent
• Step
• Adopted
• Blended
Edwards, J. O. (2009).
Extended family:
Made up of nuclear or single parent family along with other relatives like
grandparents, aunts, uncle and cousins.
Advantages
• more to help with responsibilities
• More support
• More money
• Disadvantages
• Less room
• Less privacy
• Congested life
Nuclear family:
Married man and women and their children
Advantages:
• Two people sharing parenting responsibilities
• Financial responsibilities shared
• Disadvantage
• Only one parent home a large part of time
Single parent family:
Includes only one parent, father or mother who lives with the
children.
Blended family:
A family in which both spouses have children from previous
relationship.
Step family:
Families that include children from a previous relationship
Adopted family:
In which one or more children are adapted
Functions of family:
• Social function
• Provide minimum basic facilities
• Reproduction of children
• Child care and guidance
• Socialization of members
Different roles of family member:
The structural organization of the family consist of following members
Father
Mother
A child or children
Father:
The father of the family is breadwinner and his main responsibilities is
to go out to work, earning the money to feed, cloth and house the family
Mother:
Mother is the manager of the house and historically the person who
stayed at home to look after the children, until the reached school age.
Cont…
Girls:
Helps the mother in doing the household work
Boys:
The boys are usually assigned the heavy work in the house.
This is the traditional organization of a family, but there are
many variants of this, now that more women are going out to
work, and men are staying at home. In some families both
parents work, and they employ people to look after their
children
Concept of family boundaries:
• Family boundaries define who's responsible for what,
how parents and children interact.
• The 3 types of boundaries that operate in family are
as follows:
• Clean boundaries In this type of boundaries parents
allowing their children to develop as appropriate for
their age .
• Rigid boundaries In this kind of boundaries there is
a little respect for individuality of the people in them.
• Diffuse boundaries In these kind of boundaries act
like their children's friends and children run the risk
of becoming too involved with their parents
Family power
• Power means ability to control.
• Control over resources for example
money, education, family needs etc.
• Family power structure plays a critical
role in family health functioning
• In most families parents control these
resources.
Family decision
• Family members are brought together to
make decisions about how to care for their
children and develop a plan for service.
• Herbst categorised the FDM into four
types.
• Wife dominant
• Husband dominant
• Autonomic
• Syncratic
Family stress
• Family stress is defined as disturbance in
the state of the family system.
• Real or imagined imbalance between the
demands of the family and family ability
to meet those demands.
• A stressor is a life event that happens in
family.
• It can be either positive or negative and
can cause a change in the family coping
pattern. • CLEMSON. (2009).
Stresses outside family
• Work stress
• Being unhappy in your job
• Pollution
• Fear of trauma
• War
• Unemployment
• Accident
• Poverty
Coping mechanism
• Developing skill to respond to crises occur over
time .How family accomplish this is called family
coping, its often the strength of family.
• Coping is what one does with resources both from
inside the family and through out the community.
• persistence and decision making skill. Because
much of nursing involve having a clear sense of
direction.
• The ability to preserve and the ability to sound
decisions quickly and frequently. Effective nurses
must have a strong set of professional nursing
values.
• Families use various coping mechanisms
to navigate challenging situations.
Some common ones include open……
• Communication.
• seeking emotional support from one another.
• Maintaining routines and structure.
• They practicing self-care.
• Seeking professional help when needed, and finding
healthy outlets for stress such as hobbies or exercise.
• Each family may have their own unique coping
strategies based on their values, beliefs, and resources
available to them.
• It's important for families to explore and identify what
works best for them in order to maintain their well-being.
Pakistani family value and beliefs
Value:
• In Pakistani culture, family is highly valued and
holds a central place in people's lives. The
concept of "familism" is deeply ingrained,
which emphasizes the importance of strong
family bonds, mutual support, and collective
decision-making.
• Respect for elders, maintaining close
relationships with extended family members,
and fulfilling familial responsibilities are
significant values in Pakistani families.
Beliefs of Pakistani family :
• There are various beliefs that shape family
dynamics. One common belief is the importance of
maintaining strong family ties and providing
support to one another.
• Additionally, there is a belief in the responsibility of
parents to provide for and protect their children,
and the expectation that children will respect and
care for their parents as they age.
• Another belief is the idea of collective decision-
making, where major family decisions are often
made through consultation and consensus among
family members.
Importance of knowing value and
belief as a nurse.
• Importance of knowing value and belief as a nurse.
In nursing it is important to know and understand
one belief because the practice of nursing
frequently challenge nurses belief.
• Every day nurse meet people whose belief are
different from or even diametrically opposed to
their own .effective nurses recognize the need to
adopt nonjudgmental attitude make every attitude
toward patient belief. A nurse with a
nonjudgmental attitude make every effort to convey
neither approval nor disapproval of patients belief
and respect each person right to his/her belief.
Family centered care:
• An approach to the planning, delivery and
evaluation of health care
• that is governed by mutually beneficial
partnership between health care workers,
patients and families.”
• It is built on partnership between family
and health care worker
• It is continual pursuit of being responsive
to priorities and choices of
• families.
Core concept of family center care:
Respect and dignity:
Health care practitioner listen to and honor family perspective
and choices. Family values, belief and cultural background .
Information sharing:
Health care practitioner communicate and share complete
information with patient.
Participation:
Patient and family are encourage and support to participate in
care and decision making
Collaboration:
patient, family health care practitioners and health care
leaders collaborate in policy and program development
implementation and evaluation
Stages of family developmental
life cycle
• Family life cycle stages is a theoretical
framework to describe the
formation,maintenance,change and
dissolution of marital and family relations.
• The family life cycle stages perspective is
probably the most famous part of family
developmental theory.
couple satisfying
marriage
Adjusting to
pregnancy
Fitting into the
kin network
Stage2.Childb Wife/mother Having and
earing Husband/ adjusting to an
father infant
infants Establishing a
satisfying
home for
parents and
infants
Stage3.Presc Wife/mother Adjusting to
hool aged Husband/ the needs of
children father preschool
Daughter/sister children
Son/brother
Stage4.School Wife/mother Fitting into the
aged children Husband/ community
father Encouraging
Role of nurse in family centered
care
• Counselor on sexual, marital and family planning
• • Parenting skills
• Child bearing family:
• • Prenatal , perinatal , postnatal care
• • Maternal and child nutrition
• • Immunization
• Family with preschool and school aged children:
• • Monitoring development
• • Referral
• • First aid
• • Immunization
• • Nutrition exercise and healthy habits
• Envirmental safety.
Role of nurse…..
• Family with adolescents
• Teaching health risk factors
• Health promotion activities
• Referral to mental health resources
• Prevention of STDs
• Family panning
Role of nurse….
Family with older adults
• Monitoring of exercise and nutrition
• Medication
• Safety measures
• Adjusting to health problems
Any questions ?
References;
Anderson, E. T., & Mcfarlane, J. (2011). Community as a partner theory and
practice in nursing (6th ed.). new york london: wolters kluwer,lippincott
williams and wilkins health
• Basavanthappa, B. T. (2008). communnity health nursing (2nd ed.). india
newdehli: jaypee brothers medical publisher (p) Ltd.
• CLEMSON. (2009). From Family Stress to Family Strengths. Retrieved
from
https://www.clemson.edu/fyd/Assets/Adobe_Acrobat_files/
tcct_from_family_stres
s_to_family_strengths.pdf
• Edwards, J. O. (2009). The Many Kinds of Family Structures in Our
Communities.
Retrieved from https://www.scoe.org/files/ccpc-family-structures.pdf
• Family relation ship. (n.d.).
• Turner, M. M. (2011). Values and beliefs. Retrieved from
http://www.mentoringforchange.co.uk/pdf/CtC%20-%20Values.pdf
